Objective:To systematically evaluate the real experience and needs of caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods:Qualitative researches on the real experience and needs of caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus were searched through Wanfang Databese, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Embase. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of database to March 6, 2022. Literature screening and data extraction were conducted independently by 2 researchers. The quality of the literatures was evaluated using the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) evidence-based health care center qualitative research quality evaluation standard (2016). The results were synthesized by the integrating method.Results:A total of 15 literatures were included, 62 research results were extracted, 8 categories were classified, and 3 integrated results were synthesized: the caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus suffer from multiple pressure and burden at the early stage of diagnosis; caregivers during the home care period are eager to obtain various support due to lack of knowledge, experience and support; caregivers gradually adapt to the role change brought by the disease, actively respond and regain confidence.Conclusions:Families, medical institutions and society should pay attention to the psychological emotion of caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, and provide information, psychological, economic and social support, help them better perform their role as caregivers, so as to improve the quality of life of children and caregivers.

Objective:To construct a Question Prompt List of information needs for patients with interstitial lung disease, providing a tool for patients with interstitial lung disease to actively obtain disease-related information.Methods:A literature study was conducted based on the three core needs (ERG) theory framework of existence,relatedness and growth. A purposive sampling method was used to select 15 patients with interstitial lung disease from Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from December 2021 to January 2022 for descriptive research. Based on literature research and qualitative research, the initial items of the Question Prompt List were determined through expert inquiry, and the items were extracted, discussed, and adjusted, and finalized the list of information needs and prompts for patients with interstitial lung disease.Results:The 19 experts participated in the consultation, with a positive coefficient of 100.0% and 94.7% for two rounds of consultation, an authoritative coefficient of 0.91 and 0.92, and the Kendall coordination coefficient of 0.31 and 0.23, respectively. Finally, a list of interstitial lung disease patients′ question prompts containing 4 primary indicators and 34 secondary indicators was formed.Conclusions:Based on the ERG theory, the research method for the Question Prompt List of information needs for patients with interstitial lung disease is scientific and reliable, and can be used in clinical practice to help patients inquire and obtain the necessary information.

目的 评价并总结老年高血压患者生活方式管理的最佳证据,为老年高血压患者护理工作提供依据.方法 计算机检索Up To Date、BMJ最佳临床实践(BMJ Best Practice)、国际指南图书馆(GIN)、美国国立指南库(NGC)、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所(NICE)、苏格兰院际指南网(SIGN)、医脉通指南网、加拿大安大略注册护士协会(RNAO)、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据、维普、中国生物医学文献数据库中关于老年高血压患者生活方式管理的文献,检索时限为2016年1月1日至2021年12月31日,对各类研究进行文献质量评价后提取证据并进行证据级别评定和最佳证据汇总.结果 共纳入文献8篇,包括临床实践指南6篇、系统评价1篇,专家共识1篇,最终总结形成12条最佳证据,包括管理时机、饮食管理、运动管理、控制体质量、戒烟限酒、应激管理6个方面.结论 本研究总结了老年高血压患者生活方式管理的最佳证据,为医护人员制定个性化的生活方式管理方案提供了循证依据,促使老年高血压患者依从健康生活方式,提高生活质量.

目的 对国外远程肺康复领域研究热点进行总结,了解其发展现状和趋势.方法 以"pulmonary","telerehabilitation"等为主题词,检索2012年1月1日—2021年12月31日Web of Science、PubMed数据库中收录的远程肺康复相关文献,导入书目共现分析系统(BICOMB2.0),进行高频关键词的提取,形成词篇矩阵,使用gCLUTO 1.0软件对词篇矩阵进行聚类分析.结果 共检索到774篇文献,经去重及筛选后最终纳入有效文献354篇.截取高频关键词32个,聚类分析得出4个热点,归为3个方向:(1)对远程肺康复的设备、内容及形式的改进研究,包括对肺康复相关可穿戴设备、网络、远程会议平台等技术上的优化,以及对远程肺康复的内容及方式的探讨;(2)远程肺康复的作用与效益研究,包括身心健康、自我管理能力、成本效益等;(3)阻碍患者进行远程肺康复的因素研究,包括隐私及安全保障等.结论 当前远程肺康复研究快速发展,国外已建立相对完善的远程居家肺康复体系,我国远程居家肺康复模式尚处于探索阶段,本研究总结了近年远程肺康复研究的4个热点及3个方向,后续研究应把握热点,推动我国远程肺康复的发展.

Objective To extract and summarize the best evidence related to constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients,so as to provide bases for clinical medical staff to formulate peritoneal dialysis constipation assessment process and management plan. Methods We searched relevant guideline networks,UpToDate,BMJ,JBI,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang databases to collect relevant guidelines,expert consensuses,best practices,recommended practices and systematic evaluations related to constipation management in peritoneal dialysis from the establishment of the database to March 18,2022. There were 2 researchers who independently evaluated the literature quality and extracted data. Results A total of 14 pieces of literature were included,including 4 guidelines,3 expert consensuses,2 best practices,2 systematic evaluations and 3 evidence summaries. Finally,22 pieces of best evidence including 4 dimensions were summarized,namely evaluation,health guidance,medication management and other treatments. Conclusion This study summarized the best evidence of constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients,which can provide evidence-based bases for formulating constipation evaluation process,management plan and practice standard of peritoneal dialysis patients.

目的 通过meta分析明确社区老年人发生认知衰弱(CF)的影响因素.方法 检索中国知网、万方数据、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统(SinoMed)、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase和CINHAL数据库中研究60岁及以上社区老年人CF影响因素的文献.由两名研究员分别根据纳入排除标准筛选文献,评价文献质量,提取资料,对符合标准的文献使用RevMan5.3软件进行分析.结果 共纳入文献13篇,总样本量22323例,CF组1222例,非CF组21101例,纳入13个因素分析.Meta分析结果显示,高龄、年龄>75岁、年龄>80岁、患病情况、睡眠问题、抑郁、营养状态差、跌倒史、低起立行走试验(TUG)评分是社区老年人CF的危险因素(P<0.05);规律运动、男性是CF的保护因素(P<0.05);文化程度、低日常生活能力(ADL)评分与社区老年人CF的发生无明显相关性(P>0.05).结论 在社区工作中应重视CF发生的影响因素,充分预测和识别高危CF人群,预防CF的发生,从而预防社区老年人的不良后果.

目的 分析并对比国内外Cox健康行为互动模式(IMCHB)的研究热点与前沿,为我国护理研究人员更好地应用IMCHB模式提供参考.方法 检索CNKI数据库和Web of Science数据库中的相关文献,检索时间为建库至2021年11月,利用书目共现分析系统(BICOMB 2.0)进行高频关键词的提取,形成词篇矩阵,使用gCLU-TO 1.0软件对词篇矩阵进行可视化聚类分析.结果 共检索到有效中文文献59篇、英文文献145篇;年度发文量整体呈上升趋势,美国发文最早且相关文献较多,国内虽起步较晚但发展迅速.中英文文献的主题词中排名最高的均为健康行为互动模式.国外多研究的是IMCHB模式的发展与患者健康行为相关影响因素的分析,国内研究者则更多将IMCHB模式用于指导患者的护理实践,探究对患者健康结局的效果.结论 IMCHB模式的应用范围在国内外均较广泛,在我国的应用实践证明其对我国医疗服务中的健康教育具有指导作用,在进行文化调适的基础上可结合国内患者的独特性,加强与患者的互动,进而探究促进健康结局的影响因素;同时将Cox健康行为互动模式与常规健康教育优势互补,进一步拓展其内涵.

目的 评价玩偶疗法对老年痴呆患者的干预效果.方法 计算机检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、SinoMed、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库中关于玩偶疗法应用于老年痴呆患者的随机对照研究,检索时间为建库至2021年5月23日.由2位研究员独立筛选文献并提取资料,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析.结果 共纳入7篇文献,总计491例患者.Meta分析结果显示,玩偶疗法可改善老年痴呆患者认知功能[MD=2.26,95％CI(1.97,2.55),P<0.01],提高生活质量[SMD=0.96,95％CI(0.70,1.21),P<0.01],减少激越行为[SMD=-0.77,95％CI(-1.43,-0.12),P=0.02].结论 当前证据表明,玩偶疗法有利于改善老年痴呆患者的认知功能,减少激越行为,进一步提高患者生活质量.