Objective To study the work ability and its influential factors among different working populations.Methods A total of 4 829 workers from 4 working populations were investigated using work ability index(WAI)questionnaire,which was developed by the Institute of Occupational Health,Helsinki,Finland.Effects of different professions and background factors on work ability were analyzed by the method of Covariance Analysis.Results Work ability was different among different working populations.Among 7 background factors of age,sex,marital status,education level,physical exercises,hobbies and income,work ability was significantly influenced by age,physical exercises and income.Conclusions Different work systems,work environment and health intervention measures,as well as different background factors led to different work ability.

OBJECTIVE:To study the potential aging effect on workers exposed to acrylonitrile (ACN).METHODS:The deletion rates of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood nucleate cells of 47 exposed workers and 47 non-exposed workers (as control), as well as 12 old people and 12 young people were measured with polymerase chain reaction (PCR).RESULTS:The positive rates of mtDNA deletion in peripheral blood nucleate cells were 17.02% in the workers exposed to ACN and 25.00% in group of old people. However, the mtDNA deletion was not detected in the control group and young people.CONCLUSIONS:ACN could induce mtDNA deletion in peripheral blood nucleate cells of the exposed workers. There may be a potential molecular effect of occupational ACN exposure on workers' aging.

[Objective] To investigate the effect of occupational factors on working ability and senility of people, and to provide a basic data for community service. [Methods] 663 person as the investigated objects were sampled randomly from the workers in catering industry, workers in factories, teachers, shop employees in markets and traffic police and policemen in Zhi Jiang Xi district. Their working ability, physiological age and psychological age were evaluated by using questionnaires for health state and working ability, GD - 1 mode human aging degree testing system and physical examination. Statistics and analysis were carried out by using chi - square, variance and covariance. [Results] Significant difference ( P 0.01) was found in both the working ability index and working ability state among 5 kinds of occupational populations. Teachers, traffic police, policemen and workers shared the highest ratio of low working ability and prominent senile state. [ Conclusion] Occupational factors may influence both physiological age and psychological age in the occupational populations. Excessive manual and mental labor can accelerate the senile process of the organism.

To understand the relationship between life style psychological resources and self evaluated stress in government functionaries. 1151 government functionaries were interviewed with a questionnaire of stress check list for self(SCL S). The average scores of SCL S changed with different life style. The functionaries who practice physical exercise twice a week had the lowest average score of SCL S compared with those who had no physical exercise,or once a week,more than 3 times a week,among them there was significant difference ( P 0 01). Functionaries with one item of hobby had lower SCL S score than those with more than one item of hobby. However,there was no significant difference between those people regardless of whether they have hobby or not. The average scores of SCL S of government functionaries presented increasing trend with the less degree of life and health satisfaction,i.e.satisfied,moderately satisfied and not satisfied. The more psychological resources they had,the lower average scores of SCL S they would get,and there was significant difference ( P 0 01). [Conclusion] A closer relationship was shown between SCL S scores and life style,psychological resources in government functionaries. Moderate physical exercises together with hobby and healthy psychology will reduce the SCL S score of functionaries. In turn,stress of psychology and physiology would be declined,and the quality of working and daily life would be improved.

In order to explore the effects of acrylonitrile exposure on lipid peroxidation and activities of anti-oxidative enzymes of occupational population,78 workers occupationally exposed to acrylonitrile were selected as the exposure group,and 73 workers without any exposure to chemical toxicants and other hazards served as the control group.Two groups were statistically similar about sex,age and smoking habit.MDA,and activities of SOD and GSH-Px in serum were determined in two groups.The results showed that the activities of SOD and GSH-Px of the exposure group were significantly lower than those of the control group,but the level of MDA of the exposure group was higher than that of the control group without statistical significance.In addition,when stratified by sex,smoking habit and duration of exposure,no statistical difference could be found.The results suggest that acrylonitrile exposure can decrease the ability to delete the reactive oxygen species,it is needed to further and comprehensively evaluate the oxidative and anti-oxidative status of workers.

职业人群的健康对社会发展影响至关重要.为此,我们采用芬兰职业卫生研究所研制的“工作能力指数(work ability index,WAI)表”[1]对上海市芷江西街道社区部分职业人群进行了卫生状况调查和工作能力调查,以了解职业因素与工作能力之间的关系,为职业人群社区卫生服务提供基础资料.

近年来,因职业或工作环境因素引起的健康问题而产生的紧张症状已成为当今国际研究的热点之一,受到了世界各国政府和学者的日趋关注.为此,本文运用紧张-反应模式(stress-strain model)[1],工作能力指数(Work Ability Index,WAI)[2]和压力紧张自评量表(Stress Check List for Self SCL-S)[3],由专业人员对上海市两个大型百货商厦的职工进行了问卷调查,目的在于探讨影响商业职工心理、生理健康、老龄化速度、工作能力以及自感紧张的因素,以制订相应的预防干预措施.

近年来,人口老龄化正成为全球的普遍趋势.老年职工的比例在社会劳动力人口中也逐步增加.预计到2050年45～59岁的劳动力占劳动适龄人口比例将上升到35.3%[1],如何保护和促进老年职工的工作能力,国内尚未见这方面的研究.为了解本市部分机关工作人员的工作能力水平,我们进行了现况调查,并研究该人群的某些特征与工作能力之间的联系,探求其影响因素,以采取有效措施保护和促进这一人群的工作能力和健康水平的提高.

[目的] 检验工作能力指数表中文版的信度和效度.[方法] 对5213名不同职业人群进行WAI调查,并对其中36名职业人员进行了重复调查.使用重测信度、分半信度的方法进行信度检验;WAI调查表中各条目间的一致性检验及职业人群不同背景资料与WAI的关系进行效度检验.[结果] 信度检验表明,重复调查的WAI得分组内相关系数为0.84;分半信度具有显著的统计学意义(P＜0.01).效度检验表明,各条目间的一致性较好.[结论] WAI表中文版具有较好的信度和效度.

[目的]观察不同职业人群的工作能力和紧张程度,评价工作能力与紧张程度的关系.[方法]用芬兰职业卫生研究所研制的工作能力指数(WAI)表和紧张自评量表(SCLS),对某供电所的498名不同劳动类型的职业人员进行调查分析.[结果]随着年龄增长,职业人员的WAI得分显著降低(P<0.01).混合劳动者的工作能力最好,工作能力状况的分布优、良占大多数(88.1%);不同年龄、劳动类型的职业人员WAI与SCLS得分呈明显的负相关,体力劳动者和35岁到45岁的脑力劳动者职业人员WAI与SCLS得分相关系数最大.[结论]随着年龄增长,职业人员的工作能力下降;职业人员的工作能力与紧张程度有明显的负相关.在开展职业卫生服务时,应当针对不同的劳动性质提出不同的健康干预措施.

目的 通过测定生理年龄和心理年龄,评价不同职业对人体老龄化过程的影响. 方法 对179名产业工人,平均年龄(47.8±6.6)岁、184名教师,平均年龄(46.2±10.6)岁和174名企业管理干部,平均年龄(50.8±6.3)岁,采用GD-Ⅰ型人体老化度测试系统,测试与老龄化程度密切相关的生理变量以及能够反映心理老龄化的指标,经多元回归统计分析,计算生理年龄和心理年龄. 结果 产业工人、教师和企业管理干部生理年龄大于日历年龄者分别占50.84%、27.72%和12.26%;心理年龄大于日历年龄者分别占68.16%、45.11%和44.25%,各组间差异具有高度显著性(P＜0.01). 结论 产业工人的生理年龄比教师和企业管理干部增加,心理年龄有增加的趋势;教师和企业管理干部心理年龄增加者所占比例较大.

[译者注]<工作能力指数调查表>是1994年由芬兰国家职业卫生研究所经过多年调查研制而成.是判断一个人是否能够继续胜任其工作的一种调查测试工具,调查时,要求对象首先根据对一系列有关工作的体力和脑力要求、本人健康及心理资源状况填写问卷,然后,在卫生工作人员与其交谈过程中,对填写不完善处进行补遗,并根据评分标准进行判断、分级.

国际职业卫生协会（ＩＣＯＨ）“职业与老龄化”科学委员会的各种事务活动已在稳定增加，因为在不远的将来，需要更多的人员研究和处理劳动力老龄化的职业卫生问题。职业卫生的许多课题常常与年龄有关，因此在不同种类的职业卫生研究对象中，包括老龄工人是很有必要的。否...

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">用丹麦产Ｎｅｕｒｏｍａｔｉｃ２０００Ｃ型诱发电位仪对７３名接触噪声工人进行脑干听觉诱发电位测试。结果显示：接噪组波Ⅰ、Ⅱ不出现率明显高于对照组，波Ⅰ潜伏时（ｍｓ）缩短与对照组相比有显著性差异，ⅠＶ波间潜伏时（ｍｓ）显著长于对照组，ⅢＶ波间潜伏时接噪组有延长趋势，但不显著。上述结果提示噪声对脑干听觉诱发电位有一定影响，脑干听觉诱发电位的测试对噪声职业危害的早期检测有一定意义。</span>

According to various vibration level, 52 rabbits were randomly separated into 5 groups (including one control group which did not exposed to vibration, but it was similar to the exposure vibration groups in other experimental conditions). The rabbit^s hind legs were exposed to local vibration for 60 days. With DANTEC 2000C Neuromatic, we measured SSEPs of all the experimental rabbits before exposed to local vibrating and after exposed to local vibrating 15,30 and 60 days. The findings of this study showed that P1 wave latencies in the exposed to local vibrating groups markedly extender than those of the control group. The peak-peak values change slighrly, too. The result suggest that local-vibration leads to lesion in central nervous system. The measurement of SSEPs is useful in studying vibration-induced nervous system damage.