目的 探究烟草烟雾的暴露水平与血细胞计数的关系,寻找与吸烟相关的健康监测指标.方法 本研究的受试者是在山西省776名体检人员,采用问卷调查以收集研究人群的基线资料,同时收集血常规检查结果.高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定工人尿中尼古丁及其代谢物可替宁、反式3'-羟基可替宁水平.应用广义线性模型和Logistic回归模型分析尼古丁、可替宁、反式3'-羟基可替宁与血细胞计数的关系.结果 尿样中尼古丁及其代谢物可替宁、反式3'-羟基可替宁三者之间高度相关;尼古丁及其代谢物可替宁、反式3'-羟基可替宁的增加均与白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、淋巴细胞计数的增加有关.以尿中可替宁浓度为代表,四分位数间距每增加1个单位,白细胞计数超出正常值范围的危险性增加3.75倍(OR=3.75),中性粒细胞计数超出正常值范围的危险性增加2.41倍(OR=2.41).结论 尿中尼古丁及其代谢物可替宁、反式3'-羟基可替宁均可作为生物标志物探讨烟草烟雾对血液系统的影响;暴露于烟草烟雾主要引起血液系统中白细胞计数的增加,白细胞计数的升高可以作为与烟草烟雾暴露相关的较稳定的健康监测指标.

随着我国工业化、城镇化、人口老龄化进程不断加快,居民生活方式、膳食结构和疾病谱均发生了巨大变化.慢性病不仅是严重威胁我国居民健康的一类疾病,而且已成为影响国民经济社会发展的重大公共卫生问题[1].心血管疾病负担日益严重,已成为居民的首位死亡因素,高血压是心血管疾病的主要危险因素,是导致心血管事件发生、致残、致死的重要原因[2,3].目前关于山西省老年人群患病及控制相关数据比较缺乏,本研究旨在了解和掌握我省老年人高血压患病现状及其影响因素,为科学有效制定老年人高血压病防治策略和干预措施提供参考.

慢性病逐渐成为全球疾病死亡的主因,给各国经济和社会发展带来极大负担,慢性病防控迫在眉睫.通过对WHO和中低收入国家慢性病防控能力评估体系的评估流程、方法及指标进行对比分析,以及对慢性病防控计划实施能力的整体性和实施人员进行评定,为建立适合我国国情发展需要的评估体系提供参考.

<正>肿瘤是严重威胁人民群众健康和寿命的一类疾病。为掌握山西省主要恶性肿瘤的死亡分布特征与趋势,本研究分析了2009年山西省肿瘤死因监测结果,以期为行政决策部门制定卫生政策、评价卫生工作质量和效果提供科学依据。

<正>死因监测是为了确定监测点居民的死亡模式、分析导致死亡的主要疾病的流行特征及变化趋势,找出严重危害人民健康的疾病,从根本上防治疾病,提高居民健康水平。本文分析2009年山西省11个死因监测点监测资料,结果报告如下。1资料与方法1.1资料来源

Objective The study was conducted to investigate the current situation of injury among the population in the rural areas of Shanxi province,identifying the risk factors of incidence of injury.Methods A county-level hospital and two rural health centers were selected as the surveillance spots.Injured patients in these places were monitored and the sex ratio,age distribution,places the injury occurred and behaviors at the scene were statistically analyzed according to the WHO guidelines of injury surveillance.Results A total of 2341 injured patients were studied.70% of the subjects were aged between 25 and 64.The highest incidence of injury was found in construction workplace and during traffic accidents,accounting for 1348 cases.The causes were primarily blunt injury and traffic accidents.One third of the victims were practicing paid labor when injured.Patients and migrant workers accounted for 62.23% of the injured patients.Conclusion Paid construction work was the first most common cause of injury due to blunt injury and falling,indicating the need to strengthen the surveillance of farmer safety misadventure and to promote their self-awareness of protection.Additionally,traffic accidents constituted another major cause of injury.

Objective The present study was designed to make an analysis on the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Shanxi Province from 1996 to 2006 for providing a basis for the formulation of strategies for effective prevention and control of the disease. Methods Statistical analysis was made on the data on brucellosis over 11 years in Shanxi Province. Results A total of 20 567 cases of brucellosis were reported over the 11 years,with the incidence rate being 1.02/lakh in 1996 and 11.80/lakh in 2006. There was currently no change seen in the strains. Conclusion The epidemic situation of brucellosis over the past 11 years took on a returning trend,which was more prominent in the city of Datong. It is considered that the epidemic in Inner Mongolian and Hebei Province had an influence on that in Shanxi. So joint prevention and control of the epidemic among the 3 provinces are encouraged to curb the disease

从业人员肠道致病菌带菌调查是控制肠道传染病传播的重要措施之一.细菌分离效率与平板使用面积成正比关系,是细菌检验的基本常识,但目前国家及地方的肠道致病菌带菌检验规程并未明确规定分离用平板使用面积,而说明此关系的精确科学试验数据也缺乏.因此,为了保证肠道致病菌带菌调查的质量,本研究用精确的定量方法,计算肠道致病菌检出率与分离用平板试验面积的关系,为肠道菌带菌调查检验规程规范化提供科学依据.

BACKGROUNDTo find out the timing of serologic responses after illness onset and distribution of IgG antibody to SARS-CoV in SARS cases of transmission chain or non-transmission chain.METHODSThe IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV were tested by indirect ELISA in serum samples from 301 clinically diagnosed SARS cases.RESULTSTotally 158 SARS cases were involved in 15 chains of transmission. The positive rates of SARS-CoV IgG in those chains were 85.70%-100.00% and the overall rate was 94.30% (149/158). The chain of transmission could spread to four generations, but the SARS cases were reduced with increase of generations. There was no significant difference among positive rates of SARS-CoV IgG for generations, Chi square=5.11, P greater than 0.05. The positive rate of SARS-CoV IgG in cases who were not in chain of transmission was 12.59%(18/143) which was statistically significantly different from that of cases in chain of transmission, Chi square=199.64, P less than 0.001. During days 0-7,8-14,15-21,22-30 after onset, the cumulated positive rate of SARS-CoV IgG was 16.67%, 40.00%, 70.00% and 93.10%, respectively, then was kept at the level above 90% and lasted for 217 days. The cumulated positive rate of SARS-CoV IgM during days 0-7 after onset was the same to that of IgG. During days 8-14, 55.17% of cases had seroconversion for IgM which reached a peak (86.96%) during days 21-30. Then the rate rapidly declined.CONCLUSIONMore than 94% of cases with SARS could produce IgG antibody when they were infected by SARS-CoV. Detecting SARS-CoV IgG could provide a diagnostic evidence for case confirmation. SARS-CoV IgG appeared as early as 7 days after onset and reached the peak at about weeks 4. Then the high rate of antibody was maintained for more than 6 months.

流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)起病急,死亡率高,是山西省重点防治的传染病.自使用流脑多糖菌苗免疫以来,发病率明显降低,打破了流脑的流行周期.为了解近年流脑的人群免疫状况和免疫效果,为流脑的防治提供依据,我们于春季采集了全省部分区县健康人群和昔阳县新近流脑菌苗免疫和近年来未免疫人群的血清标本,进行了流脑抗体水平和免疫效果观察.现将结果报告如下.

布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)在山西省是一个重点防治的疾病.历史上全省90%以上的县区发生过布病疫情,2002年是山西省有记载以来布病流行最严重的一年.

为了解SARS冠状病毒(CoV)在山西省不同人群中的感染状况及分布规律,进行了抗SARS-CoV抗体检测和分析.