Ling Gui Zhu Gan decoction (LGZGD) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that is widely used in cardiovascular disease clinical prevention and treatment with high efficacy. Recent studies have shown that LGZGD can also be used in hyperlipidemia (HL) intervention, but its pharmacodynamic material basis and its mechanisms remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the protective effects of LGZGD on HL, elucidate the pharmacodynamic material basis. The hamster HL model was established by high-fat diet. Thereafter, non-targeted metabolomics and quantitative lipidomics were established for screening differential metabolites and pathways. Finally, the mechanisms were elucidated based on network pharmacology to screen for shared targets, which were computational selected by molecular docking. After four weeks of LGZGD administration, the TC, TG, and liver index levels decreased notably and hepatocyte injury was obviously reduced. The Multi-omics identified 62 differential metabolites and 144 differential lipids, respectively. The network pharmacology study predicted 343, 85, and 974 relevant targets from LGZGD components, HL, differential metabolites and lipids, respectively. Eventually, seven core targets were selected by molecular docking. Six key components in LGZGD, including genistein and naringenin, could play a therapeutic role in HL by regulating seven pathways, including HMGCR and PPARA. This comprehensive strategy provides a promising example and approach for further research on TCM for the treatment of lipid metabolic diseases.

Cyanotis arachnoidea C. B. Clarke is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has a limited clinical use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) in minority areas of Guizhou in China. However, few prior reports are available on the quality control of Cyanotis arachnoidea, and its quality markers and hypoglycemic mechanism are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the quality markers (Q-markers) of Cyanotis arachnoidea and predict its hypoglycemic mechanism. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition were performed, and four differential components were screened out as quality markers, including 20-Hydroxyecdysone, 3-O-acetyl-20-hydroxyecdysone, Ajugasterone C, and 2-O-acetyl-20-hydroxyecdysone. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 107 therapeutic target genes of Cyanotis arachnoidea in DM treatment, and the key targets were Akt1, TNF, IL-6, MAPK3, and JUN. The hypoglycemic mode of action of Cyanotis arachnoidea may be mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, cancer, insulin resistance, and JAK-STAT pathways. Molecular docking analysis disclosed that the foregoing quality markers effectively bound their key target genes. An in vitro experiment conducted on pancreatic islet β-cells indicated that the forenamed active components of Cyanotis arachnoidea had hypoglycemic efficacy by promoting PI3K/Akt and inhibiting MAPK signaling. UHPLC also accurately quantified the quality markers. The identification and analysis of quality markers for Cyanotis arachnoidea is expected to provide references for the establishment of a quality control evaluation system and clarify the material basis and hypoglycemic mechanisms of this traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Cyperus rotundus (CR) is the dry rhizome of the Cyperaceae plant Cyperus, which is widely used in food processing, such as curry, pickling spices, and baking goods, as well as medicinally after stir-frying. The level of stir-frying (slightly stir-frying, stir-frying yellow, and stir-frying black) has a direct impact on the flavor, aroma, and pharmacological effects of the food. However, the distinctions between various levels of stir-frying have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to develop a method that combines electronic tongue, electronic nose, and HS-GC-MS to elucidate the flavor and aroma differences between three types of stir-fried CR and to identify aroma difference components. As the degree of stir-frying increased, the sweet, bitter, astringent, and umami flavors of the sf-CR diminished while the aroma intensified. Among the 33 differential compounds, pyrazines, D-limonene, camphene, trans-verbenol, and ponocarvone were the most significant aroma-causing components. This method effectively differentiates the three levels of sf-CR and provides a foundation for the use of sf-CR in food processing and pharmaceutical applications.

香附作为我国传统中药材,用药历史悠久,临床应用广泛.现代研究表明香附的化学成分主要包括萜、黄酮、生物碱、糖、甾醇等类成分,具有抗肿瘤、抗抑郁、抗炎、抑菌、抗氧化和降血糖等药理作用.对香附化学成分和药理作用的研究进展进行综述,并对其质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker)进行预测分析,α-香附酮、香附烯酮、氧化石竹烯和木犀草素等化合物可作为香附的主要Q-Marker,为香附的进一步研究和应用提供依据.

目的 建立UPLC-MS/MS法同时测定酸枣安神颗粒(酸枣仁)中柚皮苷、绿原酸、新绿原酸、隐绿原酸、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸B、异绿原酸C、槲皮素、异槲皮苷、紫云英苷、山柰酚、阿魏酸、咖啡酸、芹菜素、没食子酸的含量.方法 该药物甲醇提取液的分析采用Shim-pack GIST C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.0μm);流动相乙腈-0.1％甲酸,梯度洗脱;体积流量0.4μL/min;柱温35℃;电喷雾离子源,负离子模式,多反应监测.结果 15种成分在各自范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9900),平均加样回收率97.92％ ～102.68％,RSD 1.20％ ～2.86％.结论 该方法简便可行,稳定可靠,可用于酸枣安神颗粒的质量控制.

薄荷为中国常用中药,在日用品、化妆品等方面也被广泛应用.介绍了近年来薄荷中鉴定出42种黄酮类化合物、29种酚酸类化合物、21种氨基酸和10种核苷类成分以及微量元素等非挥发性成分的研究进展,以及其中主要成分的含量分布情况,并简述了应用光谱、色谱、色谱-光谱联用、及一测多评、中药指纹图谱、数据处理结合谱效分析等技术对薄荷中非挥发性化学成分进行质量控制的研究现状,根据非挥发性成分与药理作用的相关性指出将挥发油类、黄酮类、有机酸类等成分作为薄荷质量标志物.提出今后研究应更加关注薄荷中既具专属性,又与药物活性紧密相关的化学成分,同时更应将加强薄荷药材的栽培种植、采收、加工、炮制、储藏规范放在首位,从源头把控质量,为薄荷质量控制研究和用药安全、有效提供思路和保障.

Danggui Jianzhong decoction is a classical prescription that has been widely used for thousands of years. However, the quality of this formula is difficult to control owing to its complex chemical component system. In this study, a simple and efficient method comprising ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint, chemical pattern recognition, and network pharmacology was established to evaluate the quality of this decoction. A total of 20 common peaks were obtained by fingerprint analysis and 19 chemicals were identified. The fingerprint similarity of 15 batch samples ranged from 0.963 to 0.991. Chemical pattern recognition analysis could clearly classify 15 batches of Danggui Jianzhong decoction into three groups. Further, seven chemical markers were screened out. A herbs-active components-targets-disease network was constructed and enrichment analyses were performed, which indicated that these 19 chemical components are the medicinal substances of Danggui Jianzhong decoction. Further, the mechanism employed by this formula to treat primary dysmenorrhea may be related to the regulation of inflammatory response. In conclusion, this combination approach enables accurate evaluation and prediction of the quality of Danggui Jianzhong decoction, and lays the foundation for studies on the material basis and exploration of the mechanism of Danggui Jianzhong decoction in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

Yangwei decoction, a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has been widely used to treat exogenous cold and internal injury with damp stagnation for many centuries. However, its systematic chemical profiling remains ambiguous, which has hampered the interpretation of pharmacology and the mechanism of its formula. In the present study, ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry method was successfully established for the first time to separate and identify the complicated components of Yangwei decoction. The accurate mass data of the protonated molecules, deprotonated molecules, and fragment ions were detected in positive and negative ion modes. A total of 226 compounds in Yangwei decoction were tentatively identified and unambiguously characterized by comparing their retention times and mass spectrometry data with those of reference standards and literature, including 24 lignans, 18 alkaloids, 9 phenylpropanoid glycosides, 76 flavonoids, 59 triterpenoids, 17 organic acids, 7 gingerols, 8 lactones, and 8 other compounds. The present study provides a novel method of constituents characterization for well-known Chinese medicine prescriptions. The study aims to lay a robust foundation for future research, providing the holistic quality control and pharmacology of Yangwei decoction.

Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is a commonly used clinical compatible Chinese herbal medicine, which is listed as one of the highest grade herb in Shengnong's Classic of Materia Medica. Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has a variety of chemical constituents, and more than 400 kinds of flavonoids, triterpenoids, coumarins, stilbenoids and other kinds of compounds have been found so far. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma has a wide range of anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, neuroprotective, liver protective, and other pharmacological effects. Related research progress on newly discovered chemical components, artificially modified chemical constituents, effects of processing on chemical components, and pharmacological effects at home and abroad in recent years are reviewed in this paper, which will provide references for the further development of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

为了提高薄荷配方颗粒的质量标准,建立其多指标定量评价体系,采用HPLC法同时测定薄荷配方颗粒中咖啡酸、橙皮苷、迷迭香酸、香叶木苷、香蜂草苷和蒙花苷6种成分的含量.采用Poroshell 120 EC-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇(A)-乙腈(B)-5％冰乙酸(C)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速为0.6 mL/min,柱温为35℃,咖啡酸、迷迭香酸、蒙花苷的检测波长为330 nm,橙皮苷、香蜂草苷的检测波长为284 nm,香叶木苷的检测波长为380 nm.结果表明,薄荷配方颗粒中6种待测成分的线性关系、分离度、重复性均符合要求,各成分的平均回收率分别为99.19％,98.06％,100.45％,98.90％,100.17％,99.78％.不同厂家的薄荷配方颗粒中6种化学成分的含量存在一定差异.建立的HPLC分析方法简便、快速、准确,可以为薄荷配方颗粒的质量控制提供方法参考.

As a classic TCM prescription, LGZG has been widely used in clinical prevention and treatment of heart failure, nonalcoholic fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia. However, there are few studies on chemical components in recent years, and the basis of quality evaluation is not sufficient. This study was to find the active ingredients of the Lingguizhugan decoction using UPLC-MS/MS and network pharmacology. By comparing the retention time and MS dates of the reference and self-building database, the cleavage rules of chemical composition whose mass errors are less than 1 ppm(FL less than 3 ppm) are analyzed. On this basis, a network pharmacology method was used to find biomarkers for quantitative analysis. The results show that 149 compounds were preliminaries identified or inferred, including 63 flavonoids, 30 triterpenes, 22 phenylpropanoids, 13 organic acids, 6 lactones, 5 alkaloids, 4 anthraquinones, and 6 other compounds. According to the network pharmacology results, 20 chemical constituents were selected as the biomarkers, which were determined simultaneously for the first time, including poricoic acid A, poricoic acid B, glycyrrhizic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, liquiritin, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritin apioside, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, B, and C, atractylenolide I, II, and III, and coumarin. The methodological results show that the linearity, stability, precision, repeatability, and recovery of the method are satisfactory. Therefore, a comprehensive quality assessment system for LGZG was established on the basis of a systematic study of chemical substances and network pharmacology, which provided an important reference for the foundation of pharmacological action and its mechanics.

目的:建立中药茵栀黄汤的HPLC指纹图谱,并对单煎与共煎化学成分进行对比分析,阐明单煎与共煎的差别.方法:色谱柱Agilent Eclipse plus-C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1％磷酸水溶液,流量1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,通过采集12批茵栀黄汤HPLC指纹图谱,建立指纹图谱共有模式;对3批单煎混合液与共煎液指纹图谱的相似度、峰面积进行分析,阐明两者化学成分是否存在差异.结果:建立茵栀黄汤HPLC对照图谱,标定27个共有峰,指认12个色谱峰,分别为4-新绿原酸、6-绿原酸、8-隐绿原酸、10-栀子苷、13-芦丁、15-异绿原酸B、16-异绿原酸A、18-异绿原酸C、20-黄芩苷、25-千层纸素A苷、26-汉黄芩苷、27-黄芩素;3批单煎与共煎指纹图谱相似度在0.960以上.结论:建立茵栀黄汤指纹图谱,为其质控提供有效的方法;单煎与共煎化学成分组成一致,但峰面积有一定的差别.

目的:研究以不同厂家蛇床子配方颗粒为研究对象,采用"一测多评"(QAMS)法,为蛇床子配方颗粒质量标准的制定提供依据.方法:以蛇床子素为内参物,分别建立蛇床子配方颗粒中伞形花内酯、花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、异茴芹素、佛手柑内酯和欧前胡素的相对校正因子,并利用相对校正因子计算6种成分的含量.同时,采用QAMS和外标法(ESM)对不同厂家共16批蛇床子配方颗粒中上述7种香豆素类成分进行含量测定,验证一测多评法的准确性、可行性和适用性.结果:本研究建立的QAMS法同时检测不同厂家16批蛇床子配方颗粒中7种香豆素成分的含量与ESM法之间无显著性差异,且相对校正因子重现性良好.结论:本研究建立的一测多评法可用于蛇床子配方颗粒的质量控制.

徐长卿为萝摩科植物徐长卿Cynanchum paniculatum的干燥根和根茎,为我国传统中药,于《神农本草经》中列为上品.其化学成分多样,至今已发现挥发油类、C21甾体类、多糖类、黄酮类成分等共计168余种.现代药理学研究表明,徐长卿具有广泛的镇痛、抗炎、抗病毒、神经保护等药理作用.主要对徐长卿的化学成分和药理作用的研究进展进行综述,并对其质量标志物(quality marker,Q-Marker)进行预测分析,丹皮酚和邻羟基苯乙酮可作为徐长卿的主要Q-Marker,以期为徐长卿进一步深入研究和临床应用提供参考.

目的 建立蛇床子配方颗粒HPLC指纹图谱及花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、异茴芹素、佛手柑内酯、欧前胡素和蛇床子素6种香豆素类成分含量测定方法,为蛇床子配方颗粒物质基准的研究提供参考.方法 采用HPLC法,色谱柱为WatersXBridge C18(250 mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-0.1％醋酸水溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱;体积流量为0.5 mL/min,进样量为10μL,柱温40℃.蛇床子配方颗粒HPLC指纹图谱及花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、异茴芹素、佛手柑内酯、欧前胡素、蛇床子素含量测定的检测波长为320 nm.采用国家药典委员会出版的“中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统”(2012版),建立蛇床子配方颗粒指纹图谱,并使用HPLC法同时测定6种香豆素成分含量.结果 对18批蛇床子配方颗粒进行了研究,其指纹图谱相似度均≥0.992,标定了19个共有峰,各峰分离度较好.含量测定结果表明花椒毒素与蛇床子素为蛇床子配方颗粒中含量较高的香豆素类成分.经方法学考察,方法精密度RSD值均小于1.6％,方法的重复性良好,样品在48 h内稳定;花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、欧前胡素、异茴芹素、佛手柑内酯和蛇床子素的加样回收率分别为100.69％、101.03％、99.48％、100.88％、101.27％、100.35％,RSD均小于2.5％;6种成分在一定质量浓度内线性关系良好;18批蛇床子配方颗粒中花椒毒酚、花椒毒素、异茴芹素、佛手柑内酯、欧前胡素、蛇床子素的质量分数依次为8.01～8.29、2.37～2.63、4.30～4.61、4.04～4.40、3.45～3.90、6.02～6.80 mg/g.结论 建立了蛇床子配方颗粒的指纹图谱及同时测定其6种主要香豆素类成分含量的方法,操作简便,结果稳定、准确,对建立蛇床子配方颗粒的质量控制标准提供了依据,具有重要的应用价值.

目的:建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时对酸枣安神颗粒中木兰花碱、斯皮诺素、芦丁、橙皮苷4种化学成分进行含量测定.方法:应用HPLC进行梯度洗脱,采用Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-0.1％磷酸水为流动相,检测波长270 nm,柱温30℃.结果:木兰花碱、斯皮诺素、芦丁、橙皮苷分别在0.054～0.807、0.047～0.699、0.019～0.292、0.062～0.930μg范围内与峰面积呈线性关系(γ2≥0.9998),加样回收率介于98.25％ ～99.01％(n=6,RSD≤2％),精密度、稳定性、重复性均良好.结论:本方法操作简单可行,结果稳定可靠,可用于酸枣安神颗粒的质量控制,为开展质量评价提供参考.

目的 调研河北省张家口市阳原县农村地区居民对中医药的认知情况,为当地中医发展提供可靠建议.方法 采用随机数表法,以调研问卷和随访的方式随机选取300名居民进行调研.结果 调研居民中对中医药的认可程度较高(69.25％),利用方式偏向中药,对中医药缺乏深入了解,认知途径虽呈多样化,但宣传力度不足.结论 居民虽对中医药有了一定的认识,且疗效满意度较高,但对中医药知识缺乏科学、系统认识,群众的就医观念仍有待于进一步改进,需加强宣传力度,促进中医药发展.

目的:观察黄连配方颗粒含药血清单用及与顺铂联用对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖与凋亡的影响,并探讨其作用机制.方法:制备含药血清,MTT法筛选黄连血清抑制HepG2细胞增殖的最佳作用浓度,最佳浓度血清与不同浓度的顺铂配伍,观察抑制增殖的协同作用;在此基础上,采用高内涵分析(high content screening assays,HCS)技术检测两药联合应用后线粒体膜电位(Mito-chondrial Membrane Potential,MMP)、细胞膜通透性、细胞核的变化,反映细胞凋亡情况,Western blot法检测线粒体凋亡通路相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase-3的表达.结果:黄连血清可降低HepG2细胞存活率,且呈现一定的浓度依赖性,20％血清为最佳浓度血清;配伍顺铂后,抑制增殖作用较单用黄连、顺铂显著增强.0.6 g/kg 20％黄连血清、96 μmol/L顺铂及两药合用均可显著降低MMP、提高细胞膜通透性、并可使核固缩及核荧光强度增强、细胞数量下降,并可显著下调Bcl-2蛋白表达,上调Bax及Caspase-3蛋白表达;且配伍应用组上述各指标较黄连血清组单用组相比改变更显著,配伍应用组MMP、膜通透性、细胞数量、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平与顺铂组相比改变更显著.结论:黄连血清能抑制HepG2细胞增殖并且诱导细胞凋亡,与顺铂联用具有协同作用,其机制可能与激活线粒体凋亡通路有关.

Chemical research of the medicinal plant Hemsleya amabilis (Cucurbitaceae) yielded five new cucurbitane-type triterpenes hemslelis A–E (1–5) by silica gel column, ODS column, and semi-HPLC techniques. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis and examined alongside existing data from prior studies. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three human tumor cell lines, Hela, HCT-8, and HepG-2, with the IC50 ranging from 5.9 to 33.9 μM compared to Cisplatin.

深度挖掘中医专业课程中蕴含的德育要素,结合中医药专业特色,丰富中医学院校的德育途径.在专业课教学过程中渗透德育思想,挖掘人才培养的新渠道,提升中医学生的思想道德水平.