In this experiment, a large number of Expressed Sequence Tags( EST) were obtained from transcriptome se-quences of livers in Channa argus and Channa maculatus by high-throughput sequencing technology, and Simple Sequence Repeats( SSR) Information was analysed. The result showed that, 59 959 EST with 45 mb length were obtained from Channa argus, and 15428 EST-SSR were mined out by MISA, with the frequency of 25. 73%; while 44 337 EST with 27mb length were obtained from Channa maculatus, and 8 439 EST-SSR were mined out by MISA, with the frequency of 19. 03%. In the EST-SSR of C. argus and C. maculatus, nucleotide and dinucleotide repeats were the main types, while the repeats less than 16bp in length were the main types. Mean values of reads per kilobase per million (RPKM) of EST in both interrupted and compound SSR were lower than mean values of RPKM of EST in pure SSR, and in the pure EST-SSR, the longer SSR in length, the lower mean values of RPKM.

利用RNA-Seq技术对三角鲂的肝脏进行了转录组测序,获得了大量EST序列后,利用MISA软件进行微卫星信息分析.结果表明,通过转录组测序获得三角鲂EST序列62780条,长度31.9 Mb,发现8853个SSR,出现频率为14.1％.在三角鲂EST-SSR中,重复单元以1～2碱基重复为最多,并以长度小于16 bp的短重复序列为主,间隔SSR和复合SSR的EST序列RPKM均值低于单纯型SSR的EST序列RPKM均值,且在单纯型SSR中SSR长度越长,其RPKM均值则越低.因此,对富含SSR位点的EST序列的挖掘将为开发SSR特异性标记,并应用于三角鲂生物多样性和选育提供了参考.

The acute toxicity of the four aquacultural drugs to Paramisgurnus dabryanus’fingerling [body weight (1.53 ± 0.32 g)] was tested under the hydrostatic conditions.The results showed that the LC50(24, 48 and 96 h) of copper sulfate were 1.23, 0.55 and 0.40 mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 0.03 mg/L.The LC50 (24, 48 and 96 h) of PVP-I were 429.58, 396.36 and 388.47 mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 101.23 mg/L.The LC50 (24, 48 and 96 h) of trichlorfon were 16.72, 7.94 and 4.80 mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 0.54 mg/L.The LC50 (24, 48 and 96 h) of formaldehyde were 110.00, 96.59 and 45.45 mg/L, respectively, and the safety concentration was 22.35 mg/L.In conclusion, copper sulfate was limited to be used due to high toxicity and the safe-ty concentration was much lower than the common concentration, trichlorfon should be used cautiously in common concen-tration, PVP-I and formaldehyde could be used to control the corresponding diseases of Paramisgurnus dabryanus.

为满足标记辅助育种的要求,通过Illumina Solexa测序平台首次开展了乌鳢和斑鳢肝脏转录组测序.结果表明:乌鳢和斑鳢样本中分别得到85 802个和52 769个转录本,大小分别为113.75 Mb和44.29 Mb,组装后分别得到59 959个和44 337个Unigene,大小分别为45 Mb和27 Mb,序列平均长度为751.99 bp和608.88 bp.基因功能注释研究共获取了26 284个和24812个特异蛋白,根据特异蛋白注释结果进行GO分析,分别有20 682和21 752条Unigene有GO注释;采用GO功能分类工具可将已注释转录物序列划分为分子功能、生物途径和细胞成分3类,为下一步开展生长等性状相关基因功能验证研究以及分子标记辅助育种等提供了丰富的序列资源.

异育银鲫＂中科3号＂是中国科学院水生生物研究所培育推广的第三代异育银鲫新品种。第一代异育银鲫是上世纪80年代发现银鲫异精雌核发育生殖方式,用兴国红鲤作为异源精子刺激方正银鲫卵子雌核发育生殖产生的全雌性后代;第二代异育银鲫是上世纪90年代采用血清蛋白的电泳表型在方正银鲫群体中区分出四个不同雌核发育克隆,经多年生长对比养殖试验,发现克隆间存在明显的生长差异而选育出来的高体型异育银鲫—＂高背鲫＂。

[目的]确定苯甲酸雌二醇诱导黄颡鱼性转化的条件.[方法]分别以浮游动物和微颗粒饲料作为激素载体,研究了添加不同浓度的苯甲酸雌二醇对黄颡鱼性转化诱导过程中成活率、雌性率以及体长的影响.[结果]浮游动物与微颗粒饲料作为载体进行投喂对黄颡鱼鱼苗成活率、雌性率和体长具有较明显差异,浮游动物组成活率为43.1％ ～66.5％,而微颗粒饲料组成活率为17.1％ ～52.1％;过高的激素浓度处理会导致死亡率升高,而过低的激素浓度处理会导致雌性率大大降低;不同载体和激素处理浓度对黄颡鱼鱼苗生长均具有明显的抑制作用.[结论]以浮游动物或微颗粒饲料为载体,苯甲酸雌二醇的最适浓度分别为150 μg/L和50 mg/kg.

近几年,随着三角鲂养殖规模的不断扩大,三角鲂专用配合饲料研发也在积极开展中.为对比专用与非专用膨化配合饲料在三角鲂池塘养殖应用中的差异,2013年7月-2013年10月,本试验分别投喂三角鲂专用配合饲料及非专用配合饲料,探讨两种饲料对三角鲂池塘养殖效果的影响. 一、材料和方法 1.试验鱼种及放养情况 试验用三角鲂来源于杭州市农业科学研究院水产所(国家级三角鲂原良种场).选择体质健壮、规格整齐及无损伤的三角鲂,平均规格155克/尾左右.具体放养情况见表1.

鲫鱼是一种肉味鲜美、营养丰富的淡水食用鱼类,在江浙一带深受人们的喜爱,市场需求量大,在杭州地区具有较大的养殖规模,是杭州重要的传统养殖品种.目前在杭州地区养殖的鲫鱼品种较多,主要包括异育银鲫、黄金鲫和杭州本地的土鲫等,调查杭州地区鲫鱼种质状况,比较分析其肌肉营养等方面,为筛选杭州地区鲫鱼优良养殖品种提供依据,从而为杭州地区鲫鱼养殖产业的转型升级和健康持续发展打下基础.

通过测定白乌鳢、乌鳢及其杂交F1代的肌肉营养成分及氨基酸组成,比较分析3种鱼类一般营养成分、氨基酸组成、含量及氨基酸评价等指标,结果表明,F1代的肌肉营养成分、氨基酸含量及必需氨基酸组成模式等优于亲本白乌鳢和乌鳢.

<正>桑树是目前木本叶用植物中产量最高的树种之一,桑叶中含有丰富的蛋白质、碳水化合物、维生素、矿物元素及天然活性物质等,可作为一种良好的饲料蛋白源。研究发现,桑叶粉中特有的多种天然活性物质具有显著的降脂、降糖、抗氧化及清除自由基等作用。在鱼类养殖过程中,长期投喂配合饲料会导

以珠江群体斑鳢为母本,分别与钱塘江群体、微山湖群体、洞庭湖群体、鄱阳湖群体乌鳢为父本进行杂交,在繁殖性能及杂交F1生长和形态方面进行比较分析.结果表明,繁殖性能上各杂交组合间的差异主要表现在催产率方面,斑鳢与洞庭湖群体乌鳢组合催产率最高,斑鳢与微山湖群体乌鳢组合及斑鳢与鄱阳湖群体乌鳢组合催产率较低；在F1生长方面,斑鳢与微山湖群体乌鳢群体组合优势显著,而斑鳢与钱塘江群体乌鳢组合、斑鳢与洞庭湖群体乌鳢组合、斑鳢与鄱阳湖群体乌鳢组合间差异不显著.

通过在杂交鳢膨化饲料中补充添加不同水平的有机硒,研究饲料中补充有机硒对杂交鳢生长性能、形体指标及抗氧化能力的影响,结果表明,补充添加有机硒对杂交鳢生长性能及形体指标无显著影响,但补充添加0.2 mg/kg的有机硒对提高杂交鳢抗氧化能力有显著的促进作用.

杂交鳢杭鳢1号和乌鳢池塘养殖水质情况对比分析结果表明,杭鳢1号养殖水体SS、COD、NH3-N含量均较乌鳢养殖水体降低,与运河本底水质较为接近;1个养殖周期内杭鳢1号相比传统乌鳢养殖换水次数减少8～10次,单位面积减少污水排放量达80%,减少总磷污染物排放达87.18%,减少总氮污染物排放达92.97%。对2个品种池塘水样的重金属检测结果发现乌鳢池塘水样铅指标较高,存在重金属超标隐患;杭鳢1号检测结果达到无公害产品产地环境标准。因此,认为杭鳢1号的养殖很好地解决了传统乌鳢养殖的面源污染问题,产生了显著的生态效益,产品质量安全得到保证。通过杭鳢1号养殖的大力推广,可提升乌鳢养殖产业,促进产业健康持续发展。

By means of histological section and H. E. dyeing,the histological characters were studied in the process of the ovarian development and Oogenesis of Hyriopsis cumingii. The mussels were cultured in the pond which could be used to reproduce. The ovarian development of Hyriopsis cumingii could be divided into five stages: proliferating period in February,growing stage in March,maturing stage started in April,spawning stage during April to November,resting stage during December to January. The oogenesis of Hyriopsis cumingii could be also divided into five stages: oogonia,early vitellogenic oocytes,vitellogenic oocytes,late vitellogcnic oocytes,and mature oocytes. The oocytes matured and spawned in different time. In the early time of oogenesis,the yolk stalk was not observed obviously. A big nucleolus was observed in the middle time of oogenesis,but no small nucleolus was observed.

The morphological development of the juvenile of Hyriopsis cumingii was observed and described from the glochidia that fell off the host fish to the triangle in a hatchery at the water temperature of 26.5-32.0 ℃.According to the morphological characteristics,the juvenile development of Hyriopsis cumingii could be divided into four stages.The average shell length of newly fallen juvenile was 221.88 μm,and the sail had not been formed,so its total height was equal to shell height.The width of the shell was expanding quickly in the first four days after falling off,named as width expanding stage.From fifth to twenty-third days,the juvenile developed into umbo extrudeing stage,because the umbo began to extrude.There are apparent changes during this stage that the posterior shell was much longer than the anterior shell after fifteen days.On twenty-third day,the wing appeared,so the juvenile began to develope into wing forming stage.From thirty-fourth to sixtieth day,the sail gradually grew and the ratio of total height to shell height increased.The umbo was no longer the top of the juvenile and it developed into sail growth stage.On sixtieth day,the development of the juvenile stage of Hyriopsis cumingii had completed and entered the young stage,with similar morphological characters to those of adult.The position of the umbo represented the most apparent changes during the juvenile development of Hyriopsis cumingii.The relationship between total length and day age could be expressed as L = 329.39e0.059t(r = 0.968),that between total height and shell length as H =0.776L-103.36(r = 0.997).

Yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix),bighead carp(Aristichthys nobilis),crucian carp(Carassius auratus) were selected as hosts for the glochidia of triangle mussel in this study.The effects of parasitic density of glochidia and parasitic time on the quantity of glochidia infested on hosts were studied.The development of glochidia was also investigated.The results showed that either higher or lower parasitic density of glochidia,either longer or shorter parasitic time,the quantity of glochidia infested on yellow catfish and grass carp was obviously higher than that on silver carp,bighead and crucian carp.The quantity of glochidia infested on hosts increased significantly with the increasing of the parasitic density;while no obvious change exhibited when parasitic time increased.The rate of juvenile to glochidia parasitized in yellow catfish and grass carp was obviously higher than that in silver carp,bighead and crucian carp.Approximate 80% of glochidia parasitized in silver carp,bighead and crucian carp did not metamorphosed successfully to juvenile until it broke off from host.To either the quantity of glochidia infested on host or the rate of juvenile,yellow catfish and grass carp were the best two hosts.