目的 探讨社区老年肌少症患者动静态平衡功能与其他多方面体适能指标的相关性.方法 采取方便抽样法,招募于苏州大学周围多个卫生服务中心门诊就诊及体检的社区老年肌少症患者 178 例,知情同意后纳入测试,最终完成所有测试项目者 110 例.采用闭眼单腿站立测试评估静态平衡功能,起立-步行计时测试(TUGT)评估动态平衡功能.对患者行6 min步行试验(6MWT)、肱二头肌屈举试验、30 s座椅站立试验、抓背试验、座椅体前倾试验及体质量指数测量.采用SPSS 23.0 统计软件进行数据分析.采用Spearman相关分析及多重线性回归分析法,分析动静态平衡功能与其他体适能指标之间的关系.结果 社区老年肌少症患者闭眼单腿站立时长(2.66±0.64)s,TUGT用时(7.68±0.22)s.与未合并其他慢性疾病患者相比,合并其他慢性疾病者闭眼单脚站立时长显著降低[1.83(1.03,2.88)和 2.83(1.41,3.81)s],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).与无规律运动患者相比,有规律运动者TUGT时长显著降低[7.27(6.43,8.29)和 7.73(7.03,8.76)s],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).闭眼单腿站立时长与 6MWT距离、抓背试验距离及座椅体前倾距离呈显著正相关(r =0.607,0.286,0.361;P＜0.05),与年龄呈显著负相关(r =-0.300;P＜0.05).TUGT时长与年龄呈显著正相关(r = 0.413;P＜0.001),与6MWT、肱二头肌屈举次数、30 s座椅站立次数、抓背试验距离和座椅体前倾距离呈显著负相关(r =-0.538,-0.605,-0.759,-0.274,-0.366;P＜0.05).多元线性回归分析结果显示,合并其他慢性疾病及 6MWT距离是闭眼单腿站立时长的影响因素(β=1.181,0.008;P＜0.05);合并其他慢性病、肱二头肌屈举次数、30 s座椅站立次数和抓背试验距离是TUGT时长的影响因素(β=-0.859,-0.197,-0.342,-0.053;P＜0.05).结论 社区肌少症老年人中,合并其他慢性疾病是动静态平衡功能共同的显著影响因素,步行能力是静态平衡功能的显著影响因素,上下肢肌力和柔韧性素质是动态平衡功能的显著影响因素.

目的 调查社区老年人功能性体适能水平,并分析功能性体适能水平与慢性病共病的关系. 方法 于2020年3～6月招募社区老年人432例,通过慢性病共病调查表进行共病筛查,采用老年人体适能测试(SFT)方法进行功能性体适能测试. 结果 与无共病的老人相比,慢性病共病老年人2 min踏步测试、肱二头肌屈举和30 s座椅站立次数均较少,"起立-步行"计时测试(TUGT)时间更长.随着慢性病数量增多,老年人2 min踏步测试和30 s座椅站立次数呈下降趋势,BMI和TUGT时间呈上升趋势.年龄(OR=1.058,95％CI:1.021～1.097)、经济来源(OR=0.368,95％CI:0.219～0.620)、肱二头肌屈举次数(OR=0.881,95％CI:0.822～0.945)和肥胖(OR=2.361,95％CI:1.096～5.084)是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素. 结论 老年慢性病共病病人心肺耐力、肌肉力量和动态平衡能力均低于无慢性病共病者.年龄、经济来源、肥胖和上肢肌肉力量是老年人慢性病共病的影响因素.

Objectives: This study was performed to establish the normative values and integrated score of the functional fitness on the basis of the senior fitness test (SFT) among Chinese community-dwelling older adults in Suzhou. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 1,122 community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years old and above were recruited at Suzhou, China, by using a multistage stratified sampling method and accepted the SFT measurements. Sex- and age-specific normative values of each index of the SFT were established by using the percentile method. The SFT integrated score was established using factor analysis according to the data of 70% of the participants (construction group) and verified using the error rate from the data of the remaining 30% of the participants (verification group). Results: Normative-referenced percentile values at the 5th, 10th, 25th, 35th, 50th, 65th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles for each index of SFT were established for the men and women among the different age groups. Five indices of the SFT, namely, 2-min step test, 30-s arm curl, 30-s chair stand, chair sit-and-reach, and 8-ft up-and-go (TUGT), gradually declined with age in both sexes (p < .05). The SFT integrated score was calculated as follows: F = 3.8 × 2-min step test + 3.8 × 30-s arm curl + 3.8 × 30-s chair stand + 2.2 × back starch + 2.6 × chair sit-and-reach + 4 × TUGT − .04 × BMI. The formula was verified using the error rate. The error rates of the verification group compared with the construction group in each grade score of SFT were lower than 5%. Conclusion: Based on the data from the community-dwelling older adults in Suzhou, China, the functional fitness normative values for each index of the SFT and the integrated score of SFT were established. The SFT integrated score formula was verified to be reasonable and effective.

Objective:To construct and validate the physical fitness age model for community-dwelling elderly people, so as to provide new methods and reference for the health assessment and rehabilitation guidance of the elderly.Methods:From March to September 2021, 794 community-dwelling health people in six districts of Suzhou (Wuzhong District, Gusu District, Xiangcheng District, Wujiang District, Huqiu District and Industrial Park) were selected by multi-stage stratified sampling. Postgraduates who received unified training used unified monitoring tools to assess the physical function and physical fitness of the subjects in the designated community health service centers. Principal component analysis was used to construct a physical fitness age model. According to the scores of Short Physical Performance Battery, people with high physical function and people with low physical function were divided to verify the effectiveness of the model evaluation.Results:A total of four indicators, including 2-min step test, 30 s chair stand test, biceps flexion and lift test, and time up and go test (TUGT) , were finally included to build a physical fitness age model. The model formula was physical fitness age=-0.126×2-min step test-0.612×biceps flexion and lift test-0.625×30 s chair stand test+1.855×TUGT+0.51×age+55.29. The model validation showed that the physical fitness age of the community-dwelling elderly people of the high physical function group was lower than the age, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The physical fitness age of the community-dwelling elderly people of the low physical function group was higher than that of the age, and the difference was also statistically significant ( P<0.01) . The research results were consistent with the research assumptions, suggesting that the model was reasonable and effective. Conclusions:The construction of the physical fitness age model for community-dwelling elderly people can reflect the decline of the elderly's physical function, can be used for the elderly's health assessment and rehabilitation guidance, and can provide evaluation indicators for the elderly to provide community and home medical care services.

Objective To study the expression of pl6, FHIT genes in cervical carcinoma and its clinical significance. Methods By immunohistochemistry SP method, the expression of pl6, FHIT in different 118 cases of cervical lesions were detected and the results were analyzed in combination with clinical pathological features. Results Of 118 patients, 15 cases suffered cervicitis;38 cases took place cervical tumor-like changes;65 cases caught cervical cancer. p16 expression rates were 0, 33.3 %, 70.0 %, 87.5 %,and 92.3 % respectively;while FHIT expression rates were 73.3 %, 75.5 %, 60.0 %, 37.5%, and 30.8 % respectively. Compared with cervicitis, pl6 and FHIT expression rates in the cervix tumor-like changes,cervical carcinoma had significant difference (P <0.05). There was positive correlation in protein expression between p16 and FHIT (x2 =33.33, P <0.001). Conclusion Combination of p16, FHIT detection can be used as early diagnostic tool of cervical lesions and cervical cancer markers;meanwhile, the method can serve as a clinical evaluation of tumor biological behavior and prognosis of auxiliary indexes.

笔者在参与一次统考命题的过程中,设计了一道跳伞运动员从高空跳伞的问题.原题为: "某跳伞运动员从悬停在高空的直升机上沿竖直方向下落,下落一段时间后在距离地面度度为h处打开降落伞,此时他的速度为v0,研究人员利用运动员随身携带的仪器记录了此后他的运动速度变化情况(如图1所示).

在"电场"一章中,不同版本的教材都安排了"探究点电荷间的相互作用力与什么因素有关"的演示实验.有的教材还在其后简单介绍了库仑的扭秤实验,但限于学生的基础,对扭秤实验只是简单地介绍装置(老的版本如"高中物理读本"1993人教版还简单介绍了实验原理),然后就说根据库仑的精确实验表明:在真空中两个点电荷间的作用力跟它们的电量的乘积成正比,跟它们间的距离的平方成反比,作用力的方向在它们的连线上(即库仑定律).