基于标准的城市土地利用模型,采用2005-2015年中国微观土地交易数据与信息点数据,从城市整体与内部辖区两个空间尺度对中国城市住宅容积率规制强度进行了全面估计,通过严格控制微观地块特征的影响来提升估计结果的精确性.测度结果表明,中国城市整体与内部辖区间的容积率规制强度均存在显著的差异性,一线城市的规制强度在整体上高于其他城市.进一步考察规制强度的影响因素发现,交通基础设施条件越差、土地禀赋越优越以及旅游资源越丰富的城市,通常具有更严格的容积率规制.在未来的城市规划中,应正确处理好政府与市场的关系,坚持紧凑型城市发展理念,兼顾规制的收益与成本,着力增强容积率规制政策设计的科学性.

较强的住房供给约束会带来城市房价激增,这会不会造成对创新要素的挤出,从而导致城市创新脚步放慢?为了回答这一问题,本文首先阐释了住房供给约束推高房价,从而挤出创新活动,并导致创新产业在未达到成熟之前过早分散化的理论机制;进而基于2006年-2013年中国地级市层面的工业行业创新指数数据,采用不可开发土地比例和国际钢材价格等外生冲击作为工具变量来识别住房供给约束对城市创新活动的影响.研究发现,住房供给约束通过推高房价会极大的挤出城市的创新活动;进一步的分析表明,这一挤出效应背后的机制之一可能在于,较强的住房供给约束会导致创新产业在其创新活力尚未充分发挥之前,过早的被从多元化大城市挤出到专业化中小城市,即出现了创新活动的过早分散化现象.基于实证研究的结论,本文从推动住房供给侧改革,实施差异化住宅用地供给策略和构建城市群协调创新网络等方面提出了针对性的政策建议.

It is urgent to explore the path of urban haze governance, and regional integration is a feasible route. This paper uses the characteristics of urban agglomeration integration and PM 2.5 spatial distribution raster data to investigate the impact of urban agglomeration institutional integration on haze pollution in Chinese cities. Improving the integration of urban agglomeration systems has a significant inhibitory effect on urban haze pollution, and from a numerical point of view, for every 1% increase in the level of urban agglomeration integration, the average urban haze concentration will drop by 0.08%-0.10%. The policy enlightenment of this paper is that the government should accelerate the integration of urban agglomeration systems, strengthen cooperation in environmental protection between regions, to promote urban haze reduction.

住房供给弹性是决定房价水平的关键因素之一.中国城市的住房供给是否缺乏弹性？影响住房供给弹性大小的关键因素又是什么？为探究上述问题,本文构建了一个包含自然地理约束、耕地保护约束和容积率规制的单中心城市模型,重点考察了三者对住房供给弹性的影响机理,进而运用数字高程模型数据与微观土地交易数据,全面测度了中国城市土地开发中的自然地理约束和容积率规制强度,并基于2005-2013年中国城市层面的统计数据,采用外生冲击引起的需求变动这一识别策略来估计住房供给弹性.研究发现:中国城市的住房供给整体表现为缺乏弹性,而自然地理约束及容积率规制是导致住房供给缺乏弹性的重要原因;人口规模越大的城市,其住房供给弹性越小,且受自然地理约束的制约程度越高.这为中国当前房价整体涨幅明显,尤其是大城市房价居高不下的典型事实提供了一个新的解释视角.因此,政府应当坚持“因城施政”的思路,适当降低土地开发中的容积率规制强度,逐步增加供给弹性偏低的大城市土地供应,以促进房地产市场的平稳、健康发展.

This paper uses the census data from 2000 and 2010 and the prefecture-level city-level data of China Regional Economic Statistics Yearbook to adopt linear regression,non-parametric kernel regression, and stochastic variable traversal and distribution methods to pass through the employment of different industries in space. The changes and its long-term steady-state distribution are measured,which intuitively demonstrates the space-time development of China' s industrial employment. The empirical results show that during the sample period of 2000-2010,China's total employment showed convergence characteristics across the geographic units,but at the end of the distribution,that is,it showed a concentrated trend of employment in the larger geographic units. In addition,from the long-term steady-state distribution of employment,the long-term distribution of employment in the secondary industry is a decentralized distribution,while the long-term distribution of employment in the tertiary industry has become more centralized. The policy implications of the article are to increase transfer payments to medium-sized cities and to build a networked urban system.

当代设计中,随着“反工业化浪潮”的兴起,促使反现代主义美学的强烈推行,出现了对追求“批量生产”的精神特质的批评,使得设计师其设计理念发生了转变,相应的设计产品正在逐渐摆脱批量生产的标准化、同质化,符号化的功能美学在当代设计中结束.20世界60年代掀起的后现代主义等多元文化浪潮,打破了艺术与设计二者之间的“历史”分野,使之重新紧密结合在一起.用户越来越多的把自己的注意力放到精神世界,更加注重自己的实际生活需求和精神意向的心理满足.文化审美与消费市场的演变使得产品设计慢慢走向了艺术风格化,如果说之前的社会主要强调的是“功能”,那现在和未来的社会必将是一个注重“艺术形式”的时代.

Abstratc :Based on the input-output index of the urban logistics, make an empirical analys is about the temporal-spatio distribution of 13 cities in jiangsu province from 2003 to 2012 total factor productivity of the logistics industry by using the method of Malmquist and ESDA .The research results show that from the temporal distribution, the inspection period city logistics achieved an average of 6.2% negative growth in total factor pro-ductivity,Technological progress -7% negative growth effect is the driving force of its decline , pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency in-crease 0.1% and 0.8%respectively accelerate the "catch-up effect"of the efficiency improvement to achieve positive growth of 0.9%.From the spatial distribution, the southern jiangsu, middle and north jiangsu area have a significant difference in total factor productivity, TFP showed a trend of "collapse"north-south gradient descent in central; Regional Logistics TFP in space geographic distribution serious path dependence, with sig-nificant clustering and low flow characteristics of each city region you want from the original cluster , there are some difficulties;From the perspec-tive of tinle and space,proposing leveraging feasible measures for sustainable development of uran logistics.

借助生态学Lotka-Volterra竞争捕食者模型,以我国30省域物流业碳减复合系统为研究对象,测算其发展水平及协同竞争指数进而确定协同竞争关系类型.结果表明:就发展水平而言,东中西部物流业发展水平呈阶梯式分布,碳减排水平则表现出异质性特点,全国物流业碳减复合系统普遍处于中低水平;就协同竞争关系而言,辽宁、山东、广东等14省域的物流业发展及碳减排协同共生,河北、上海、福建及湖北4省属偏利寄生关系,北京、天津、海南等12省域物流业及碳减恶性抗生.最后,结合实证研究结果提出共治对策.

Based on Chinese logistics industry provincial panel data from 2005 to 2013 and resource factors constraints, this paper analyzes its characteristics from the three levels of driving source, timing change and spatial distribution by GML in-dex method to measure the logistics green TFP, and discriminates the green technology innovators. The results show that:the logistics industry green TFP annual growth rate is 0. 5%, much lower than the traditional growth rate of 6. 5%;techno-logical progress is the main driver of TFP growth, but the lack of power; the regional logistics industry green TFP growth space differences;technology innovators are unevenly mostly located in the eastern region. Finally, it puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for enhancing the quality of logistics industry economic growth.

By analyzing the logistics industry statistical data of 13 sample cities in Jiangsu province from 2004 to 2013,this paper calculates the logistics gravity between cities based on the gravity model,combines logistics membership index to determine the coverage of hub cities,and presents the regional logistics layout in a combination of fully-connected and hub-and-spoke network structure in the province. The results show that the development of urban logistics is not balanced,appearing"developed in the south and west,less-developed in the north and east"in the province,and the node density of the existing network structure is uneven and its reliability is poor. To guarantee the coordinated development of regional logistics in the province ,cities should adjust their measures to local conditions and make full use of their geographical advantages,and promote urban cooperation according to their functional positioning and industrial advantages,while government departments should strengthen the integration of policies and markets to effectively promote the coordinated development of logistics industry between cities.

当今,面对错综复杂的商业环境,企业之间的竞争愈发激烈,而根本在于人才的竞争。人力资源管理对当代企业的生存与发展来说至关重要,其中科学合理的激励体制是人力资源管理体系的关键。人力资源激励以人力资源特征为基础,运用适合的激励理论,从而发挥员工最大的主观能动性。"激励因素"作为促使员工满意的因素,在实践中指导企业分别实施激励。运用问卷调查法,研究同在中国本土上的外资、港澳台、中国内资企业的招聘现状,在调查分析的基础上为内资企业提高员工管理水平提供建议。