Background Aberrant activation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays a crucial role in the progression of prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) and contributes significantly to the development of enzalutamide resistance. In this study, we aimed to identify a novel AR-driven signature that can predict prognosis and endows potentially reveal novel therapeutic targets for PRAD. Methods The Seurat package was used to preprocess the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Differentially expressed genes were visualized using limma and pheamap packages. LASSO and multi-variate Cox regression models were established using glmnet package. The package “Consensus Cluster Plus” was utilized to perform the consensus clustering analysis. The biological roles of origin recognition complex subunit 1 (ORC1) in PRAD were determined by gain- and loss-of-function studies in vitro and in vivo. Result We characterized the scRNA-seq data from GSE99795 and identified 10 AR-associated genes (ARGs). The ARGs model was trained and validated in internal and external cohorts. The ARGs were identified as an independent hazard factor in PRAD and correlated with clinical risk characteristics. In addition, the ARGs were found to be correlated with somatic tumor mutation burden (TMB) levels. Two groups that have distinct prognostic and molecular features were identified through consensus clustering analysis. ORC1 was identified as a critical target among these ARGs, and it ORC1 promoted proliferation and stem-like properties of PRAD cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR assay confirmed that AR could directly bind the promoter of ORC1. Activated AR/ORC1 axis contributed to enzalutamide resistance, and targeting ORC1 rendered PRAD cells more susceptible to enzalutamide. Conclusions This study defines an AR-driven signature that AR activates ORC1 expressions to promote PRAD progression and enzalutamide resistance, which may provide novel targets for PRAD treatment.

Background Partial nephrectomy (PN) is one of the most preferred nephron-sparing treatments for clinical T1 (cT1) renal cancer, while radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is usually used for patients who are poor surgical candidates. The long-term oncologic outcome of RFA vs. PN for cT1 renal cancer remains undetermined. This meta-analysis aims to compare the treatment efficacy and safety of RFA and PN for patients with cT1 renal cancer with long-term follow-up of at least 5 years. Method This meta-analysis was performed following the PRISMA reporting guidelines. Literature studies that had data on the comparison of the efficacy or safety of RFA vs. PN in treating cT1 renal cancer were searched in databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from 1 January2000 to 1 May 2022. Only long-term studies with a median or mean follow-up of at least 5 years were included. The following measures of effect were pooled: odds ratio (OR) for recurrence and major complications; hazard ratio (HR) for progression-free survival (PFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Additional analyses, including sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias analysis, were also performed. Results A total of seven studies with 1,635 patients were finally included. The treatment efficacy of RFA was not different with PN in terms of cancer recurrence (OR = 1.22, 95% CI, 0.45–3.28), PFS (HR = 1.26, 95% CI, 0.75–2.11), and CSS (HR = 1.27, 95% CI, 0.41–3.95) as well as major complications (OR = 1.31, 95% CI, 0.55–3.14) ( P > 0.05 for all). RFA was a potential significant risk factor for OS (HR = 1.76, 95% CI, 1.32–2.34, P < 0.001). No significant heterogeneity and publication bias were observed. Conclusion This is the first meta-analysis that focuses on the long-term oncological outcomes of cT1 renal cancer, and the results suggest that RFA has comparable therapeutic efficacy with PN. RFA is a nephron-sparing technique with favorable oncologic efficacy and safety and a good treatment alternative for cT1 renal cancer.

目的 评价颐和春口服液联合西医常规治疗ⅢA型前列腺炎(肾阳虚型)合并不育症的临床疗效.方法 选取2019年11月-2021年1月温州市人民医院就诊的120例患者为研究对象,按照1:1的比例,随机分为对照组及治疗组,对照组给予生精胶囊联合西医常规治疗,治疗组给予颐和春口服液联合西医常规治疗,疗程均为12周.观察两组的临床疗效,对比两组患者治疗前后的美国国立卫生院慢性前列腺炎症状指数(National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptoms index,NIH-CPSI)评分、中医证候评分、炎症指标、精液常规指标.结果 治疗后,治疗组总有效率为96.7％,显著高于对照组的总有效率86.7％(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组NIH-CPSI的疼痛或不适评分、排尿症状评分、生活质量评分、总评分及中医症状评分均显著低于治疗前,且治疗组上述评分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组前列腺液白细胞计数、C-反应蛋白、白细胞介素-2水平均显著低于治疗前,且治疗组前列腺液炎症指标水平显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后,两组精液量、精子密度、精子总数、精子活力、精子存活率均显著高于治疗前,且治疗组精液指标水平显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).两组不良反应情况无显著性差异.结论 颐和春口服液联合西医常规治疗ⅢA型前列腺炎(肾阳虚型)合并不育症患者临床疗效好、安全性高,值得临床推广.

Background Overweight and obese females demonstrate a significantly increased risk of anovulatory infertility. This study aims to investigate whether depression score could mediate the association between a body shape index (ABSI) and infertility, especially in overweight and obese population. Methods We included 5431 adult female Americans from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013–2018) database. ABSI manifested the body shape using waist circumference, weight, and height. Infertility or fertility status was defined by interviewing female participants aged ≥ 18 through the reproductive health questionnaires. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) with total scores between 0 and 27. To investigate the association of infertility with ABSI and other individual components, survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was performed. Mediation analysis of PHQ-9 score was conducted to disentangle the pathways that link ABSI to infertility among the NHANES participants. Results 596 (10.97%) females were categorized with having infertility among 5431 participants. Participants with infertility showed higher ABSI and PHQ-9 score, appearing greater population proportion with depression symptoms. In the multivariable logistic regression model, ABSI (adjusted odds ratio = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.50) and PHQ-9 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.07) were positively associated with infertility. PHQ-9 score was estimated to mediate 0.2% ( P = 0.03) of the link between ABSI and infertility in all individuals, but to mediate 13.5% ( P < 0.01) of the ABSI-infertility association in overweight and obese adult females. Conclusion The association between ABSI and infertility seems to be mediated by depression symptoms scored by PHQ-9, especially in those adult females with overweigh and obesity. Future studies should be implemented to further explore this mediator in ABSI-infertility link.

Prostate cancer (PCa) endangers the life and health of older men. Most PCa cases develop into castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) within 2 years. At present, the molecular mechanisms of the occurrence and development of PCa and its transformation to CRPC remain unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of CKLF-like Marvel transmembrane domain containing family member 5 (CMTM5) in PCa and its molecular mechanism in vitro. PCa tissues and paired adjacent normal prostate tissues from 70 patients were collected to examine the expression levels of CMTM5 and EGFR via immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. Then, CMTM5-overexpressing DU145 cells were constructed, and CMTM5 expression in these transfected cells and vector control cells was examined via western blotting. Cell Counting Kit-8 and plate clone formation assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and colony number of CMTM5-overexpressing cells and vector control cells. Then, cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing assay, Transwell assay and immunofluorescence analysis with DAPI staining. The effect of CMTM5 on apoptosis and its underlying molecular mechanism were examined using western blotting and flow cytometry. The results demonstrated that CMTM5 expression in PCa tissues and cell lines was significantly downregulated, while EFGR expression was significantly upregulated. The proportion of high CMTM5 expression in PCa tissues was significantly lower compared with that in normal prostate tissues. By contrast, the proportion of high EGFR expression in PCa tissues was significantly increased compared with that in normal prostate tissues. Moreover, CMTM5 overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis compared with vector control cells in vitro. Furthermore, the regulation of PCa by CMTM5 was associated with the downregulation of PI3K/AKT and its downstream Bcl-2 expression, as well as the upregulation of Bax expression. In conclusion, CMTM5 may be an effective tumor suppressor gene for PCa, especially for castration-resistant PCa, by downregulating EGFR and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway components.

目的 为检测纳米银避孕泡沫各组分对精子活力的抑制作用,以此来探究纳米银避孕泡沫的避孕机制.方法 1)将配制好的不同浓度的纳米银溶液、辛苯聚醇(ON-9)、纳米银泡沫剂、赋形剂(聚乙烯醇材料等)、生理盐水和阳性对照组壬苯醇醚(NP-9)分别与大鼠和人精液作用,观察其在20s到3min内的有效精子失活浓度;在此基础上选择各组分20秒完全抑制精子的最低有效浓度及以下2个浓度(倍比稀释),共3个浓度,再进行鼠精子活力抑制实验,为研究各组分联合应用提供参考剂量;各组分按1:1:1混合后与大鼠和人精液作用,观察其对精子的作用.结果 纳米银20ppm、ON-9250ppm及赋形剂原液、1:2稀释及1:4稀释剂量体外20秒内可以将大鼠及人精子全部抑制失活,随着浓度降低,将精子全部抑制失活所需的时间会延长.纳米银10ppm、ON-9125ppm和赋形剂1:8稀释浓度,按1:1:1混合后与人精液作用,可在20s内将大鼠及人精子全部失活.结论 纳米银避孕泡沫各组分对人及大鼠精液均具有一定的抑精活性;三者混合应用后具有协同相加,抑制人精子活力的作用.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Ningmitai Capsules (NMTC) on the proliferation and in vitro biofilm formation of Staphylococcus sp. and Escherichia coli (E. coli).METHODS:Using the gradient dilution method, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NMTC against Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermids) 1457, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) NCTC8325-4/ Newman/ MU50 and E. coli ATCC25922/ CF073, and observed the effects of different concentrations of NMTC on their biofilm formation in vitro under the electron microscope.RESULTS:NMTC significantly suppressed the proliferation of S. epidermidis 1457, S. aureus NCTC8325-4/ Newman/ MU50 and E. coli ATCC25922/CF073 at an MIC of 20 mg/ml as well as their biofilm formation in vitro.CONCLUSIONS:Ningmitai Capsules can inhibit the proliferation and in vitro biofilm formation of S. epidermids and E. coli, and has a comprehensive antibacterial effect.

目的:探索蒲公英甾醇对膀胱癌T24细胞迁移与侵袭能力的作用及机制.方法:体外培养膀胱癌T24细胞,在其中加入不同浓度(10、20、40μg/mL)蒲公英甾醇进行干预.采用划痕实验和Transwell小室法分别观察膀胱癌细胞迁移能力及侵袭能力;Western blotting实验考察细胞中SDF-1/CXCR4信号通路相关蛋白的变化;ELISA试剂盒检测细胞上清中基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2/9的水平.结果:蒲公英甾醇可抑制膀胱癌T24细胞的迁移与侵袭能力(P<0.05,P<0.01),降低细胞分泌MMP-2及MMP-9的能力(均P<0.05,P<0.01).同时蒲公英甾醇能有效抑制膀胱癌T24细胞内基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)、CXCR4、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(p-Akt)及磷酸化哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(p-mTOR)的表达水平(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论:蒲公英甾醇通过干扰SDF-1/CXCR4信号通过,下调Akt/mTOR的传导,削弱了细胞分泌MMP-2及MMP-9的能力,从而有效抑制膀胱癌T24细胞的迁移与侵袭.

Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) belongs to the S28 family of proteases, which is also a dipeptidyl peptidase. In this study, we demonstrate the expression pattern of PRCP in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found that the repression of PRCP expression by small interfering RNA successfully inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Further, we explored the involvement of PRCP in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The epithelial marker E-cadherin was significantly increased, meanwhile mesenchymal markers MUC1, vimentin, and SNAIL were markedly decreased in PRCP knockdown cells. Moreover, the downregulation of PRCP in the NSCLC cells induced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in vitro. We performed RT-PCR in 30 pairs of clinical NSCLC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues, which revealed significantly higher PRCP expression levels in cancer tissues than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Collectively the results from our study suggest a possible cancer promotion role of PRCP in NSCLC.

目的:探讨泌尿系结石患者各项血脂指标与泌尿系结石形成及其成分的关系.方法:回顾性分析2018年4月—2019年10月住院的430例泌尿系结石患者(尿石症组)和500例同期体检患者的(对照组)胆固醇(TC)、血三酰甘油(TG)、血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C).收集尿石症组的结石并检测其成分.通过统计学方法分析对比尿石症组和对照组血脂各项指标,采用多因素Logistic回归分析上述哪几种血脂异常是引起尿路结石的独立危险因素.按结石成分不同分组,对比各组患者的这几种血脂指标,分析这些指标是哪种特定结石的独立危险因素.结果:两组受检者血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而两组血三酰甘油(TG)水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).Logistic回归分析结果进入模型的变量为高脂血症[OR=1.321,95％CI(1.145,1.467)],家族史[OR=2.234,95％(1.768,2.814)].结石组中430例行结石成分分析,包括血脂异常者163例(37.9％),其中尿酸结石82例(50.3％);血脂正常者267例(62.1％),尿酸结石82例(30.7％),两者尿酸结石所占比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).相关性分析显示血脂异常与高血尿酸水平密切相关(r=0.226、r=–0.597,P<0.001).多因素校正的Logistic回归分析显示总胆固醇为泌尿系结石形成的独立危险因素(P=0.001).结论:血脂异常尤其是高TC、高LDL-C、低HDL-C血症与泌尿系结石发生密切相关.血脂异常者较血脂正常者患尿酸结石的概率大.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a major histological subtype of renal cell carcinoma and can be clinically divided into four stages according to the TNM criteria. Identifying clinical stage-related genes is beneficial for improving the early diagnosis and prognosis of ccRCC. By using bioinformatics analysis, we aim to identify clinical stage-relevant genes that are significantly associated with the development of ccRCC. First, we analyzed the gene expression microarray data sets: GSE53757 and GSE73731. We divided these data into five groups by staging information—normal tissue and ccRCC stages I, II, III, and IV—and eventually identified 500 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To obtain precise stage-relevant genes, we subsequently applied weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to the GSE73731 dataset and KIRC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Two modules from each dataset were identified to be related to the tumor TNM stage. Several genes with high inner connection inside the modules were considered hub genes. The intersection results between hub genes of key modules and 500 DEGs revealed UBE2C, BUB1B, RRM2, and TPX2 as highly associated with the stage of ccRCC. In addition, the candidate genes were validated at both the RNA expression level and the protein level. Survival analysis also showed that 4 genes were significantly correlated with overall survival. In conclusion, our study affords a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of ccRCC and provides potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and individualized treatment for patients at different stages of ccRCC.

Objective: It is to investigate the clinical effect of serum CEA, CA153, CYFRA21-1, CA125, NSE, and CA199 in the application of Myrian imaging rTo investigate the inhibition of resveratrol on the in vitro proliferation activity of human bladder cancer 5637 cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods: Human bladder cancer 5637 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into a blank control group and resveratrol groups (25 mu mol/l, 50 mu mol/l, 100 mu mol/l and 200 mu mol/l); then, the effect of resveratrol on the proliferation of 5637 cells was detected by conducting MTT tests. The effect of resveratrol (200 mu mol/l) on the apoptosis of 5637 cells was detected by flow cytometry. In the blank control group and resveratrol (25 mu mol/l, 50 mu mol/l, 100 mu mol/l and 200 mu mol/l) groups, total protein and mRNA were extracted. The effect of resveratrol on the expression of p-Akt and PTEN protein and mRNA were detected by Western blot and PCR. Results: Resveratrol significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation activity of 5637 cells in a dose-dependent and time-depend-ent manner. The flow cytometry results showed that resveratrol induced apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle in G1 phase in 5637 cells. Resveratrol significantly inhibited the expression of p-Akt mRNA and protein and upregulated the expression level of PTEN mRNA and protein compared with the control (p < 0.05); these differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: Resveratrol can inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells and induce apoptosis by the upregulation of PTEN expression.

Introduction: The efficacy of bupivacaine infiltration to control pain for standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of bupivacaine infiltration on pain control for standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Methods: We search PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through January 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of bupivacaine infiltration on pain control in standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect model. Results: Six RCTs involving 337 patients are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy, bupivacaine infiltration can significantly reduce VAS at postoperative 12 h (Std. MD=-0.87; 95% CI=-1.27 to -0.48; P < 0.0001) and 24 h (Std. MD=-0.78; 95% CI=-1.24 to -0.32; P=0.0008), as well as prolong the time of first an= algesic demand (Std. MD=1.02; 95% CI=0.43 to 1.62; P=0.0008), but has no remarkable influence on VAS at postoperative 6 h (Std. MD=-0.33; 95% CI=-0.81 to 0.15; P=0.18), doses of analgesic usage (Std. MD=-0.50; 95% CI=-1.24 to 0.24; P=0.18), operative time (Std. MD=0.13; 95% CI=-0.14 to 0.40; P=0.33), hospital stay (Std. MD=0.07; 95% CI=-0.30 to 0.45; P=0.70), nausea/vomiting (RR=0.52; 95% CI=0.27 to 1.00; P=0.05). Conclusions: Bupivacaine infiltration has important ability to alleviate the pain and prolong the time of first analgesic demand for standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

目的 探讨细胞角蛋白(CK)7、CK8和CK 10/13在宫颈疾病中的表达情况,分析其在宫颈疾病诊断中的价值.方法 子宫颈低级别鳞状上皮内瘤变(LSIL)50例(LSIL组),子宫颈高级别鳞状上皮内瘤变(HSIL) 50例(HSIL组),宫颈鳞癌(SCC)50例(SCC组),采用免疫组化Envision法检测3组宫颈病变组织中CK7、CK8和CK 10/13的表达情况.结果 CK7、CK8及CK10/13在LSIL组、HSIL组及SCC组中的表达率差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).LSIL组CK7、CK8及CK10/13表达率与HSIL组及SCC组差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),HSIL组CK7及CK8表达率与SCC组差异均有统计学意义(均P＜ 0.05),HSIL组与SCC组CK10/13表达率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 CK7、CK8的表达和CK10/13的表达缺失是宫颈疾病进展的标志物.

Aim of Study: To further evaluate the influence of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1) null genotypes on bladder cancer risk, we conducted a meta-analysis in the Chinese population. Materials and Methods: PubMed and Chinese databases were electronically searched through April 2016. Results: Nine studies were included for our meta-analysis, involving 1646 bladder cancer cases and 1938 controls. In general, our findings indicated that a significant association existed between GSTM1-null genotype and the risk of bladder cancer in the studied Chinese population (odds ratio = 1.56, 95% confidence interval: 1.36u1.79). However, no significant association between GSTT1 polymorphism and bladder cancer was found. After stratification of the subgroup analyses by source of controls and geographical areas, a substantially elevated risk was revealed between GSTM1-null genotype and bladder cancer in the population-based studies and those conducted in South China and North China. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested that GSTM1-null genotype is associated with an increased bladder cancer risk in the Chinese individuals.

Chemoresistance is a significant factor associated with poor outcomes of osteosarcoma patients. The present study aims to identify Chemoresistance-regulated gene signatures and microRNAs (miRNAs) in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The results of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) included positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, tryptophan metabolism, and the like. Then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were uploaded to Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and 9 hub genes were screened, such as fucosyltransferase 3 (Lewis blood group) (FUT3) whose expression in chemoresistant samples was high, but with a better prognosis in osteosarcoma patients. Furthermore, the connection between DEGs and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) was explored. GEO2R was utilized to screen out DEGs and DEMs. A total of 668 DEGs and 5 DEMs were extracted from GSE7437 and GSE30934 differentiating samples of poor and good chemotherapy reaction patients. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) was used to perform GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to identify potential pathways and functional annotations linked with osteosarcoma chemoresistance. The present study may provide a deeper understanding about regulatory genes of osteosarcoma chemoresistance and identify potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.

目的 分析肿瘤抑制基因CMTM5甲基化在肾癌表达,为临床诊断治疗提供参考.方法 检测肾癌细胞系和正常人肾细胞株中CMTM5的表达及甲基化水平.选取本院及部分苏大附一院肾癌患者为研究对象,检测患者血液、尿液中CMTM5的甲基化水平.征得患者同意后,肾癌患者手术治疗,留取标本,进行CMTM5的甲基化检测.结果 正常人肾细胞株CMTM5蛋白阳性率显著高于肾癌细胞株(χ2=3.2641,P<0.05),CMTM5甲基化阳性率显著低于肾癌细胞株(χ2=3.6944,P<0.05).肾癌组织中CMTM5蛋白阳性率(52.4%)显著低于正常肾组织(76.7%)(χ2=7.8889,P<0.05),CMTM5甲基化阳性率(73.0%)显著高于正常肾组织(48.3%)(χ2=7.8889,P<0.05),预后较差患者CMTM5表达较低.CMTM5甲基化表达与肾癌患者年龄、性别、病理分级无关,早期肾癌CMTM5甲基化表达显著低于Ⅲ期以后患者(χ2=6.3087,P<0.05).结论 CMTM5在肾癌组织中表达下调,且和其甲基化程度密切相关.肾癌患者的血液或尿液标本能检测到CMTM5的甲基化,可能为肾癌的早期诊断提供新的参考.

Objective To study the potential apoptotic effect of arundoin on human prostatic cancer cells.Methods Arundoin was isolated and purified from the crude ethanol extract of Imperatae Rhizoma.Human prostatic cancer cell line PC3 was treated with arundoin.The relative cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay;Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V/PI dual staining with flow cytometry;The protein expression levels of Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and other apoptotic related proteins were detected by Western blotting.Results Arundoin (20,40,and 80 μmol/L) reduced the viability of PC3 cells dose-and time-dependently.Moreover,arundoin induced apoptosis in PC3 cells.Western blotting analysis showed that arundoin up-regulated the expression level of PARP in a dose-dependent manner.In addition,apoptosis related proteins such as Bax,Bcl-2,and casapases were all affected by arundoin.Conclusion Arundoin could induce apoptosis in human prostatic cancer cells,which provides novel information for clinical application of arundoin and its preparations for the prostatic cancer patients.

Objective To explore the effect of arun doin on cell apoptosis in human prostate cancer LNCap cells and the mechanism. Methods LNCap cells were treated with arundoin in different concentration. The relative cell viabilities were determined by the MTT method, the morphological changes of cells were observed using Hoechst 33258 staining, and the apoptosis and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. At the&nbsp;same time, the protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blot. Re?sults Arundoin (20-120 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the viabilities of LNCap cells in a dose-dependent man?ner. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that arundoin increased the membrane permeability of LNCap cells. Flow cy?tometry results showed that arundoin could induce apoptosis in LNCap cells, the apoptotic ratios were 11.3% (20μg/mL), 25.2% (40 μg/mL), 57.1% (80 μg/mL), significantly higher than that of control group 0.5% (0 μg/mL). After different concentrations of arundoin treatment for 48 h, the proportion of LNCap cells in G0/G1 phase was increased, while the proportion of the G2/M phase and S phase were reduced. In 80 μg/mL arundoin treatment group, the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased significantly. The data of Western blot showed that arundoin (20, 40, 80 μg/mL) up-regulated the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, and Bax, but down-regulated Bcl-2, in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Arundoin could inhibit the prolif?eration of LNCap cells and promote apoptosis, which may be associated with the down regulation of Bcl-2 ex?pression and up regulation of Bax expression, as well as the increase of relative activity of caspases.

Objective To assess the relationship between endothelial function level and erectile dysfunc?tion, indicators of peripheral circulation endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs), endothelial microparticles (EMPs) et al. were detected to compare the changes of endothelial function before and after the long-term treatment of small dose Sildenaf. Methods A total of 60 ED patients and 30 controls were treated with oral Sildenaf at 25 mg/d for 3 months continuously, and evaluated by international index of erectile function-5 (IIEF-5), erectile hardness grading scale (EHGS),and EMPs and EPCs were detected by flow cytometry. Results The IIEF-5 of ED group was significantly lower than that of the control group(10.5±4.9 vs 23.7±1.0), EHGS of ED group was significantly lower than that of the control group(2.3±0.8 vs3.9±0.5) (P<0.05), and the number of peripheral cir?culation EPCs and EMPs was significantly higher than that of the control group. After continuous Sildenaf thera?py(low dose), the score of IIEF-5 improved significantly(17.8 ± 6.1vs10.5 ± 4.9), EHGS was significantly higher than before (3.2±0.5 vs 2.3±0.8) (P<0.05), and the number of peripheral circulation EPCs and, EMPs were sig?nificantly lower than before. Conclusion Continuous oral administration of small doses Sildenaf can effective?ly improve erectile function, while playing an important role in improving endothelial function.