Context: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) techniques, grounded in TCM theory, offer flexible and personalized therapeutic strategies. Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with the onset and progression of various diseases, highlighting a complex mutual relationship. Investigating the interaction between TCM techniques and gut microbiota may provide both a theoretical and practical foundation for clinical application. However, comprehensive systematic analyses remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to identify core themes and emerging trends in research on the interactions between TCM techniques and gut microbiota. In addition, it sought to explore underlying correlations using data mining approaches to provide insights supporting clinical applications and mechanistic studies. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for bibliometric analysis. Co-occurrence analysis was performed using CiteSpace software to identify research characteristics and development trends. Key data were extracted and visualized through an interactive network diagram generated with Cytoscape. Results: Current research predominantly focuses on acupoint application, moxibustion, and TCM enema, all of which exhibit significant effects in promoting beneficial microbiota and suppressing pathogenic strains. The regulatory impact of these TCM techniques on gut microbiota is closely associated with inflammatory response pathways and immunity. Conclusions: TCM techniques are extensively applied in disease management. Among them, moxibustion, acupoint application, TCM enema, and Tuina remain prominent and evolving areas of interest. Further empirical research is warranted to elucidate the biological mechanism underpinning these effects within the guidance of TCM pattern theory.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a machine learning model for the diagnosis of chronic renal failure (CRF) with spleen-kidney qi deficiency (SKQD) syndrome by investigating facial chromatic biomarkers based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed TCM-defined facial regions in 303 patients with CRF (166 SKQD and 137 non-SKQD) and 25 healthy controls using active appearance models and RGB/Lab color spaces. Key chromatic features were selected using Chi-square automatic interaction detection (CHAID) decision trees to construct a multibranch deep convolutional neural network (CNN), nomogram, and hybrid model. The model performances were compared using the DeLong test.Results: The SKQD group showed a higher glomerular filtration rate, albumin level, and facial R-value with a lower serum creatinine level (all P < 0.05), accompanied by a higher prevalence of shortness of breath with reluctance to speak, and cold extremities (P < 0.05) compared with the non-SKQD group. Chromatic analysis revealed elevated R/a values in the kidney region using the natural facial color region method (P < 0.05), and distinctively higher R-values in the bladder-uterus region and a-values in the right small intestine region using the Mingtang facial color region method (P < 0.05). The CHAID algorithm selected four diagnostic determinants, including the overall facial R-values. The CNN achieved superior discriminative performance (test area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.74 vs. nomogram 0.68, DeLong test P < 0.001) with no added benefit from model integration (P > 0.05).Conclusions: Facial chromatic biomarkers effectively differentiated SKQD in patients with CRF when analyzed using TCM-defined regions. The superior performance of the CNN validates AI-driven TCM diagnostics as a clinically actionable tool for precise syndrome classification.

Background: Insomnia is a high-incidence complication in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）. Auricular therapy can effectively improve sleep with few adverse effects. Acupoint selection affects the impact of auricular therapy. However, there is currently a lack of analysis on the standards of acupoint selection. Our study used data mining technology to investigate the acupoint selection principles and characteristics of auricular therapy for the treatment of MHD-related insomnia. Objective: The objective of the study is to explore the standards of acupoint selection in auricular therapy for the treatment of MHD-related insomnia through data mining technology.Materials and Methods: We searched three English（PubMed, WOS, and Embase） and four Chinese（CNKI, VIP, Wangfang, and CBM）databases for studies on auricular therapy for MHD-related insomnia from self-establishment to November 14, 2022. Results: Eighty-one publications were involved, which included 33 acupoints. The most common auricular points in patients with MHD-related insomnia were the Shenmen, heart, and kidney points. More applications involved the visceral, nervous system, and specific acupoints. Five effective clusters and two clusters were obtained through cluster analysis, including specific auricular points for insomnia, such as the multi-dream area, neurasthenia area, deep sleep point, and anterior ear lobe. Complex network analysis showed that the core auricular acupoint combinations for the intervention of MHD-related insomnia were Shenmen with kidney, Shenmen with heart, heart with kidney, heart with Shenmen, and heart and Shenmen with subcortex. Conclusions: The selection of auricular points for the treatment of MHD-related insomnia was guided by the heart theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Clinical treatment attaches importance to the use of the multi-dream area, neurasthenia area, and other acupoints.

急性乳腺炎是乳腺的急性化脓性感染,患者多是产后哺乳的妇女,尤以初产妇更为多见,往往发生在产后3～4周[1].是导致母乳喂养失败的重要因素之一[2],不仅对产妇的身心造成极大的痛苦而且对婴幼儿的生长、发育具有潜在的负面影响[3].早期急性乳腺炎主要以乳房肿胀疼痛、皮肤微红或不红、肿块或有或无、乳汁分泌不畅、伴有恶寒发热、头痛、胸闷不适等全身症状为主要表现.中医治疗对早期急性乳腺炎优势明显,无需中断哺乳,也可避免抗生素使用.针对乳络闭阻、气血瘀滞的关键病机,中医特色护理技术能够促进积乳排出,改善患者临床症状,促进哺乳[4].本研究采用常规护理联合耳穴贴压和手法按摩排乳治疗早期急性乳腺炎,现将结果报道如下.

OBJECTIVES:To observe the effect of motion-style scalp acupuncture (MSSA) on H-reflex in rats with post-stroke spasticity (PSS), so as to explore the electrophysiological mechanisms of MSSA against spasticity. METHODS:A total of 36 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model and MSSA groups, with 12 rats in each group. The stroke model was established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. After modeling, rats in the MSSA group were treated by scalp acupuncture (manipulated every 15 min, 200 r/min) at ipsilesional "parietal and temporal anterior oblique line" (MS6) for a total of 30 min, the treadmill training (10 m/min) was applied during the needling retention, once daily for consecutive 7 days. The neurological deficits, muscle tone and motor function were assessed by Zea Longa score, modified modified Ashworth scale (MMAS) score and screen test score before and after treatment, respectively. The H-reflex of spastic muscle was recorded by electrophysiological recordings and the frequency dependent depression (FDD) of H-reflex was also recorded. The cerebral infarction volume was evaluated by TTC staining. RESULTS:Compared with the sham operation group, the Zea longa score, MMAS score, cerebral infarction volume, motion threshold, Hmax/Mmax ratio and FDD of H-reflex were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the screen test score was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the model group. Intriguingly, compared with the model group, the above results were all reversed (P<0.01) in the MSSA group. CONCLUSIONS:MSSA could exert satisfactory anti-spastic effects in rats with PSS, the underlying mechanism may be related to the improvement of nerve function injury, the reduction of spastic muscle movement threshold, Hmax/Mmax ratio and H-reflex FDD.

We applied literature review and the Delphi method to develop technical operation of manual lactation technique. The databases and websites were systematically searched, such as UpToDate, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and SinoMed. The evidence related to the technique was evaluated by Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE Ⅱ), and A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). the included evidence was classified and summarized to form the preliminary draft of the technical operation specification. A total of 26 experts were selected to evaluate the draft, and some recommendations were deleted and modified according to the screening criteria and expert opinions, resulting in the final technical specifications for manual lactation technique applicable to health care professionals. The study included 4 guidelines, 5 expert consensus articles, 2 clinical decisions, and 3 systematic reviews, and the overall quality of the evidence was fair. A total of 26 questionnaires were collected in each of 2 rounds of expert consultation, with a 100% return rate and an overall authority coefficient of 0.91. The technical practice specification was formed in 11 aspects, including assessment content, indications, contraindications, operation methods, adverse events, and treatment methods, with a total of 50 recommendations. The technical operation specification is comprehensive, and the recommendations are clearly expressed, which is in line with the real clinical situation and can provide effective reference for the clinical practice of this technique.

Objective To explore the research hotspot and frontier direction of TCM nursing of insomnia and provide reference for the follow-up study of the optimal scheme of TCM nursing of insomnia. Background Insomnia is a common sleep-wake disorder, affects 6–10% of adults and was associated with independent higher risks of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. TCM Nursing Techniques of insomnia has a long history and has shown a definite impact. However, it's still lack of analysis in the field of the most commonly used and effective techniques, as well as the co-morbidities associated with insomnia. Therefore, the database was searched and analyzed to find effective TCM Nursing Techniques for insomnia and related diseases related to insomnia. Method Randomized controlled trials on the intervention of TCM Nursing Techniques in insomnia were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection and imported into CiteSpace 5.6.R5 visualization software. The works of literature were co-cited by keywords authors and institutions for visual analysis, and the co-morbidities associated with insomnia of TCM Nursing Techniques in literature was extracted manually. The symptoms of co-morbidities associated with insomnia were imported into Cytoscape 3.9.0 software and clustered by CytoHubba. Result As of October 20, 2021, the literature published in the last 20 years from Web of Science Core Collection was screened, and the publication period of the included literature was from 2004 to 2021. From 2016 to now, the total number of articles has been increasing. A total of 146 articles were included, and the highest production year was 2020. There is little cooperation between states, institutions, and authors. China (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) and Hong Kong Polytech University are leading countries and institutions in this area. MYUNGHAENG HUR is the most cited author, and J ALTERN COMPLEM MED is the most cited journal. According to cluster analysis and keyword frequency, auricular therapy, aromatherapy, and acupressure are the three most commonly used techniques. While the top five co-morbidities are fatigue, anxiety, depression, pain and hemodialysis. The three frontier topics and the main research directions are sleep quality, comorbid insomnia and clinical trial design. Conclusion We found that acupressure, aromatherapy, and auricular acupoint therapy are the most commonly used nursing methods of TCM to intervene in insomnia. However, these studies have limitations such as small sample size, lack of objectivity in evaluating sleep quality, and high heterogeneity of intervention measures, which are not conducive to forming TCM clinical nursing guidelines. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt objectified sleep quality evaluation methods, select suitable acupoints according to TCM theories, and design multi-center large-sample clinical trials based on the safety principle of randomized blind control. This study provides an in-depth perspective for insomnia research on TCM Nursing Techniques and includes information for follow-up research on TCM Nursing Techniques of insomnia.

随着护理事业在国内外的蓬勃发展,充分发挥中医护理的特色与优势——"整体观""辨证施护"成为了近年来《中国护理事业发展规划纲要》明确指示,其中尤以"辨证施护"为重.严谨的护理辨证体系应扎根于中医经典著作的理论苗床,因此对《伤寒论》等中医典籍的护理内涵进行充分挖掘,再融入现代中西医结合护理技术中,可以为现阶段的中医临床护理丰富更多实用技术,启发新的思路,开拓研究目标.本文谨以《伤寒论》中后注于经方的护理内容,根于"方证对应",参考"类方-方证-主证"的辨证体系,探求护理辨证方法,并举桂枝汤证、柴胡汤证两例经方护理为例,结合医门八法中"汗、和、下"三法的辨证施治思想,对仲景护理思想进行探析.

Objective: Jue tone is a kind of sound, using 3-mi as the main tone, and is melodious, profound, makes people feel comfortable and pleasant. This study aimed to explore the probable mechanism of Jue tone to reduce blood pressure（BP） in hypertensive rats with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern by observing changes in BP as well as physiochemical indexes in plasma.Methods: Sixteen male spontaneous hypertensive rats（SHR） with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern were randomly divided into a control group and a Jue tone group. The rats in the Jue tone group were treated with Jue tone（55—65 d B, played by the five elements of music rhythm instrument, a kind of physiotherapy regimen music played by Shen Wu） once a day for 4 weeks. The BP levels in each group were measured twice a week, on Monday and Friday. The levels of angiotensin Ⅱ（Ang-Ⅱ）, thromboxane B2（TXB2）, endothelin-1（ET-1）, calcitonin gene-related peptide（c GRP）, norepinephrine（NE）, cortisol（CORT）, and 5-hydroxytryptamine（5-HT）. in plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 4 weeks of intervention.Results: BP and the levels of TXB2 and ET-1 in the plasma of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group, while the level of c GRP was significantly higher.Conclusion: Jue tone can reduce the BP of hypertensive rats with a liver-fire hyperactivity pattern. The mechanism may correlate with a reduction in TXB2 and ET-1 and an increase in c GRP with the reduction of reactive oxygen species（ROS）.

目的 了解实习护生在新型冠状病毒肺炎传播期间的自我防护意识和心理健康状态,并分析其影响因素,探讨疫情流行期间实习护生提高自我防护意识和心理健康状态的对策.方法 采取方便抽样的方法 ,对在北京三甲医院实习的130名护生代表进行关于自我防护意识和心理状态的问卷调查.结果 118份样本中,80.5％的实习护生最早是通过网络媒体和社交平台得知此次疫情,48％的实习护生不了解新型冠状病毒的传播方式,16.1％的实习护生因疫情产生负面情绪,5.9％的实习护生认为自己需要心理援助.实习护生的新冠病毒的认识及防护执行与压力值呈负相关(P<0.01).结论 实习护生们对于职业暴露警惕性不高,对新型冠状病毒肺炎认识不足,自我防护能力欠佳,对此次疫情存在一定负面情绪.学校和医院应及时通知疫情进展,加强对于病毒相关专业知识的科普,提高实习护生的防护能力,改善其心理状态.

目的:新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情突发后,为更好地为医护人员、高校师生及居家居民提供康复护养范式和健康自我评价,本研究根据中医非药物疗法设计开发了“北京中医药大学身心康”康复护养应用平台.方法:基于微信小程序技术,根据中医“治未病”思想,利用“身心同调,杂合以治”的优势,通过专业心理、生理测试量表,并结合新冠肺炎疫情特点以及北京中医药大学专家组临床经验,综合设计完成了新冠肺炎康养平台——身心康.结果:新冠肺炎康养平台,可有效辅助使用者快捷、高效地完成身心调节和远程康养指导.结论:身心康小程序,通过线上线下相结合的模式,可以有效为医护人员、高校师生和居家居民提供康复护养范式,为用户最大程度地促进机体康复和心理健康提供支持.

Obesity is one of the metabolic diseases that affect psychosomatic health of people and is a risk factor of many chronic diseases. In recent years, the incidence of obesity continues to rise, thus effective weight control and healthy weight loss have become the focus and difficulty of medical research today. Studies have shown that internal microecological changes are related to the occurrence of obesity. Comprehensive health education and nursing play an important role in weight management by adjusting intestinal microecological environment. This paper comprehensively describes the effect of intestinal microecological environment on obesity. The intestinal microecology induces obesity by regulating the nervous system, participating in energy metabolism, regulating immunity and other mechanisms. Interventions such as diet, emotion, exercise and traditional Chinese medicine nursing techniques can regulate the intestinal microecological environment and effectively manage body weight.

Objective: The objective of this study is to establish a nursing standard of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for patients with COVID-19 (mild and common) in Beijing, to provide reference for clinical nursing of patients with COVID-19 (mild and common).Methods: Through online communication meeting with nurses who are in the frontline of anti-epidemic, clinical investigation, literature research, and expert demonstration meeting are carried out to prepare the draft of the standard, and the Delphi method is applied to determine the standard of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine care for patients with COVID-19 (mild and common) in Beijing.Results: The nursing standard of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for patients with COVID-19 (mild and common) was established, which included 5 first-level indicators, 14 second-level indicators and 60 third-level indicators. After two rounds of Delphi method, the positive coefficients of experts were 96% and 83%, the authoritative coefficients of experts were 0.89 and 0.91, and the Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W) of experts were 0.12, 0.09, 0.10, 0.13 (P < 0.05) and 0.44, 0.43, 0.37, 0.39 (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The standard of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing for patients with COVID-19 (mild and common) in Beijing constructed by the Delphi method is scientific and practical, which provides a reference for clinical application of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing to fight against COVID-19 infection.

As a symbiotic organism, microorganism forms a microecosystem with host body and plays an important role in life activities. With the in-depth study of human microecology, more related basic researches that have been transformed into applied research in clinical practice in recent years. Based on the theory of microecology, this paper explores the establishment and evolution of microecological environment, its relationship with aging and disease and intervention content and effects from the perspective of the whole life cycle of human body. From the perspective of research, this paper explores the internal relationship between microecology and nursing discipline so as to provide theoretical basis and practical basis for the application of microecology in nursing field.

为进一步加快新型冠状病毒肺炎轻症患者治愈、减少轻症向重症发展,发挥医疗与护理的协同作用,北京市中医管理局委托北京市中医护理能力提升工程办公室与北京市中医护理质控中心组织专家共同编写了《新型冠状病毒肺炎轻型、普通型患者中西医结合护理规范》,此规范对新型冠状病毒肺炎轻型、普通型患者中西医结合护理内容进行了详细的阐述,包括临床分型、病因病机、防控措施、护理措施等内容,其中护理措施包括病情观察、给药护理、饮食护理、情志护理、运动调护、中医护理适宜技术等内容,方便了各医疗机构临床护理人员参照使用,为临床应用中西医结合护理抗击新型冠状病毒感染提供参考.

Objective:To construct an integrated Chinese and Western medicine health management plan for patients with acute mastitis so as to promote the recovery of patients and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions.Methods:A research team was set up to search the fifth edition of Chinese Medical Dictionary database, domestic and foreign databases to obtain relevant evidence of health management of acute mastitis. The Evaluation Form of Evidence Quality recorded by ancient books, Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2, the Risk of Bias Tool in the Cochrane manual, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality level of evidence (2010 edition) and JBI grade of recommendation (2010 edition) were used to evaluate, grade and recommend the evidence. An integrated Chinese and Western medicine health management plan for acute mastitis was initially drafted, and the plan was further improved in conjunction with the expert consultation.Results:Totals of 326 ancient literatures, 44 randomized controlled trials, 1 clinical practice guideline, and 6 systematic reviews were included. In expert consultation, the expert judgment coefficient was 0.95, and the expert familiarity coefficient was 0.88, and the expert authority coefficient was 0.92. The constructed integrated Chinese and Western medicine health management plan for acute mastitis included two parts: background knowledge and specific implementation methods a total of 5 dimensions, and 82 implementation strategies.Conclusions:The integrated Chinese and Western medicine health management plan for acute mastitis is constructed based on evidence-based research methods and expert consultation methods, and its content has certain scientificity and clinical applicability, and can be used for the health management of patients with acute mastitis.

自古以来,中医治病都是集“医、药、护”为一体,中医经典中包含有丰富的护理内容,是继承和发展中医护理事业的灵魂,亦是中医护理教育必要的传授内容.中医护理事业的发展,须走传承与创新发展之路,发挥中医护理特有的优势.该文以《伤寒论》为例,论述中医药院校开展中医护理经典教学的思路.