耕地生态安全评价对改善耕地生态系统安全状况、促进耕地可持续利用具有重要的现实意义.以西安市为研究区域,采用压力-状态 响应模型,构建了基于能值理论的耕地生态安全指标评价体系,采用组合赋权法来确定指标权重,测度了2001-2012年西安市耕地生态安全水平值及变动趋势,并采用多元线性回归模型分析了耕地生态安全的影响因素.结果表明:西安市耕地生态安全值总体波动趋势为:2001-2007年耕地资源由较安全区下降至安全临界区,在2004年出现一次波动;2007 2010年耕地资源安全评价值呈上升趋势,且达到最高值,耕地生态状况由安全临界区跨越到较安全区;2010-2011年耕地资源安全状态下降至安全临界区,幅度较大,2012年虽有升高,但仍然处于安全临界区.提高人均能值产出、增加农业财政支出比例和严格管控建设用地占用耕地是改善西安市耕地生态安全的重要措施.

金融支持对我国农业转型有着极其重要的作用，目前我国农业资金需求还得不到满足，农业金融职能体系也不完善。在农业转型改革中，应加强国家的宏观调控，加大财政支持力度，完善我国农业专项金融的职能体系，提高我国农业资金吸纳能力，以构建一个完整的农业专项金融体系，保证资金的持续有效支持。

将2种聚酯酸酐(P(SA∶RA 20∶80),P(SA∶RA 30∶70))分别与伊维菌素溶于三氯甲烷中作为有机相,以聚乙烯醇水溶液为水相,用乳化溶剂挥发法制备出2种伊维菌素聚酯酸酐微球.采用光学显微镜考察所制备微球的形态及粒径,紫外分光光度法测定载药量和包封率.结果显示,制备出的P(SA∶RA 30∶70)/IVM微球的平均粒径为(72.240±24.747) μm,载药量为19.67％,包封率为87.70％.P(SA∶RA 20∶80)/IVM微球的平均粒径为(64.18±26.14) μm,载药量为17.72％,包封率为87.27％.这表明采用乳化溶剂挥发法成功制备出2种伊维菌素聚酯酸酐微球.

In order to prepare compound metronidazole dispersible tablets,metronidazole and oxytetracy-cline hydrochloride were used as the main drugs,and appropriate auxiliary materials were selected to make dispersible tablets in this experiment.Orthogonal experiment was used to screen prescription of the drug and conduct the selection of the granulation size.The quality inspection of dispersible tablets of the com-pound metronidazole included the check of character,the weight difference,the hardness,pH,disintegra-tion time and uniform dispersion.The dispersible tablets of compound metronidazole were prepared and the contents of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride were determined by UV spectrophotome-try.The results showed that metronidazole accounted for 200 g/kg,oxytetracycline hydrochloride accoun-ted for 100 g/kg,CMS-Na accounted for 150 g/kg,starch is accounted for 250 g/kg MCC is accounted for 250 g/kg and sucrose accounted for 50 g/kg.The contents of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochlo-ride were determined by UV spectrophotometry,and the recovery rate was high and the precision was good.The result of the quality inspection of dispersible tablets was accord with the request of the tablet in China Drug Standard.Compound metronidazole dispersible tablets had fast disintegration speed,convenient use,simple preparation process,high stability and good compliance and then can be used for veterinary clinic.

Capsaicin/OMMT composites with different drug-loaded amounts were successfully prepared by solution intercalation method.The composite products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA).The results show that the layer space of OMMT increased from 1.9nm to 3.7nm and capsaicin insert into the OMMT interlayers.The thermal stability of capsaicin was obviously improved by the intercalation and the decomposition temperature of the composite was improved to 240℃.The time of the drug sustained release was 48hby in vitro release test,such composite shows sustained release of capsaicin.These composite could be an antibacterial plastic additives.

【Objective】 The study was conducted to prepare compound oxytetracycline hydrochloride injection and determine its mass concentration.【Method】 The formula components and approximate dosage of the compound oxytetracycline hydrochloride injection were determined through pre-test.We used sodium metabisulfite,magnesium chloride,ethanolamine and complex organic solvent as effecting factors,and took changes of the mass concentration of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride as the selection standard.Finally the optimal formula of compound oxytetracycline hydrochloride injection was determined using orthogonal experiment L9(34).We also determined the mass concentrations of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride in the compound injection by UV spectrophotometry,and calculated the recovery percent and the precision.【Result】 The optimized formula of compound oxytetracycline hydrochloride injection(in 100 mL Volume) was composed of metronidazole 2.5 g,oxytetracycline hydrochloride 5.0 g,magnesium chloride 3 g,sodium Pyrosulfite 0.2 g,complex organic solvent(composed of N,N-dimethyl formamide and polyethy leneglycol 400 with a volume ratio of 2∶1) 40 mL,ethanolamine 4 mL,and water for injection.There was fine linear relationship between the mass concentration and absorbance when metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride was 1-30 μg/mL.The average recovery of metronidazole was(99.22±1.48)%,and its coefficient of variation was 1.49%.The average recovery of oxytetracycline hy-drochloride was(98.22±1.24)%,and its coefficient of variation was 1.26%.By measuring the daily precision and the day to day precision,the average concentration of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride was high,and the relative standard deviation was low and no greater than 2.00%.【Conclusion】 The production of injection formula was reasonable and practical for stable potency with high recovery percent of metronidazole and oxytetracycline hydrochloride.

The pharmacokinetics of maquindox in control and pathological groups of rabbits were analyzed and given references for clinical treatment.12 rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups.Group A was the control group,and group B was tested group with experimental renal injury.24 h before the experiment,rabbits in group B were treated with a hypodermic injection of HgCl2(1.5 mL/kg).Both group of rabbits were treated with a rapid single-dosage intravenous injection of Maquindox(20 mg/kg).The blood samples were collected from heart 8 times within 6 hours after injection.The mass concentrations of Maquindox in serum were detected by HPLC.The results showed that the disposition of Maquindox in rabbits matched with non-absorption one-compartment open model.The optimal concentration-time equations of the three groups were:ρcontrol group=25.564 2e-0.371 6t,ρrenal injury=20.026 6e-0.099 8t.Compared with the control group,t1/2 renal injury prolonged by 276.16%;kel renal injury decreased by 73.14%;CLB renal injury decreased by 69.91%;AUC renal injury increased by 187.57%.It can be concluded that the pharmacokinetics parameters of Maquindox in rabbit pathological model have changed apparently,so it is necessary to lengthen the dosing interval or lessen the dosage of Maquindox on the pathological occasions.