Background. The number and activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts play an important role in skeletal biology, especially in bone reconstruction. Scientific and rational regulation of osteoclast formation and activity has become a critical strategy aimed at inhibiting the loss of bone mass in the body and alleviating the occurrence of bone diseases. Currently, there are only a few reports related to hesperetin-regulated osteoclast differentiation. Objectives. To investigate the influence of hesperetin on osteoclast-like cell differentiation and formation, and determine whether the MAPK signaling pathway is involved in the differentiation process. Materials and methods. The RAW264.7 cells were induced and cultured in vitro to promote their dif-ferentiation into osteoclast-like cells. Tetrazolium bromide was utilized to determine the effects of different concentrations (100, 200, 400, and 600 mu M) of hesperetin on the proliferation of osteoclast-like cell precursors. Osteoclast-like cell differentiation was conducted using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assay. The status of nuclei and actin filaments of differentiated osteoclast-like cells was observed with the use of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) and actin-tracker green staining experiments. Changes in key proteins of the MAPK signaling pathway were detected using western blot. Results. The results of TRAP staining experiments showed that the number of osteoclast-like cells decreased with the increase in hesperetin concentration. The DAPI and actin-tracker green staining demonstrated that the nuclei of differentiated osteoclast-like cells reduced in size with the increase in hesperetin concentration, and the osteoclast-like cells became smaller. Western blot for key MAPK signaling pathway proteins revealed that phospho-ERK and phospho-p38 protein levels were not significantly inhibited, but phospho-JNK protein levels were reduced. Conclusions. Hesperetin inhibits the differentiation of osteoclast-like cells. Further studies revealed that hesperetin also affects the activation level of phospho-JNK, a key signaling protein of the MAPK signaling pathway, in the induced differentiation of osteoclast-like cells.

课程思政是高等学校人才培养的重要任务之一.该文以我校细胞生物学教学为例,探讨挖掘细胞生物学教学过程中思政元素的方法,并举例介绍其在课堂教学中的具体实施,以及利用线上线下课堂融合,拓展育人空间,总结在专业课程中进行思政教育的经验、不足以及后期工作的方向,从而实现知识传授和价值引领同向同行,引导学生完成立德树人的根本任务,为细胞生物学的课程思政教学改革提供参考.

新时代高等教育愈发强调课程要引入思政教育,且思政教育已在理论学科的教学中广泛推行,然而其在实践类学科的教学中体现不足.以医学细胞生物学实验课为对象进行研究,基于互联网对本课程进行混合式教学改革,并将社会主义核心价值观的内容融入其中.这不仅可以加强医学细胞生物学实验课程建设,提高任课教师的思政素质,完成多元化教育模式的改革并完善相应的课程评价体系,还能将医学细胞生物学实验课程构建成以基本理论知识和实践操作为主体,社会主义核心价值观为思政教育主导的新的实验课程教学体系.

学科竞赛已经成为培养大学生创新思维、动手能力和团队协作精神的重要途径,也是提升大学生创新能力和实施素质教育的平台.本文以蚌埠医学院生命科学学院为对象,从医学高等院校开展学科竞赛的意义出发,总结了近年来我校开展学科竞赛的举措和具体成效.

目的:探讨利用超星泛雅网络教学平台实施医学细胞生物学线上线下混合式教学效果.方法:选择2017级临床医学专业学生(观察组)实施线上线下混合式教学,以期末考试试卷分析和问卷调查结果为基础,将其教学效果与该专业2016级(对照组)传统教学法的教学效果进行对比分析.结果:观察组学生期末考试卷面成绩平均分明显提高,高分数段考生较多,不及格率明显降低,与对照组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).观察组学生较为认可混合式教学可以提升高阶学习能力.结论:线上线下混合式教学模式有利于提高医学细胞生物学的教学效果,值得推广应用.

新冠肺炎疫情的突然爆发和全球化蔓延,向现有的教育教学模式发起了严峻挑战,同时也带来了前所未有的发展契机.本文立足当前线上线下教学实际,阐述了我们以"双螺旋教学模式"为主导思想,在线上课程建设、线上教学实施,以及学生返校复课后线上线下教学衔接与融合等方面,对医学细胞生物学教学开展的研究与实践,以期为解决当前线上和线下教学中出现的实际问题,和提高人才培养质量,建设学习型社会提供革新思路.

Background: Osteoclasts are large terminal-differentiated cells with multiple nuclei and are the only cells with bone resorption activity in the body. The abnormal migration and differentiation of osteoclasts may accelerate bone absorption, a crucial process in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Regulating the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts is a breakthrough point for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Coumarin derivative of 3-(4-methoxyl)-1-(2-(4-coumarin) prop)-2-en-1-one (MCPEO) was selected in this study. We aimed to investigate the effects of (MCPEO) on osteoclast differentiation. Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) were collected from 6-week-old ICR mice and inoculated in vitro. BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells were induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL) to differentiate them into osteoclasts. The cells were then added with 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM MCPEO. The cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts was analyzed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The differentiated osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Miuse osteoclast activation was investigated by absorptive activity analysis. Filamentous actin (F-actin) staining was employed to identify the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated mouse osteoclasts. The change level of critical transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation was determined by Western blot analysis. Results: Data show that MCPEO affected the cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts, inhibited the formation of TRAP-positive polynuclear cells, and decreased the absorption activity and the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated osteoclasts. Furthermore, MCPEO influenced the change level of crucial transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation. Conclusions: MCPEO inhibited the differentiation of RANKL-induced BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts.

Background: Osteoclasts are large terminal-differentiated cells with multiple nuclei and are the only cells with bone resorption activity in the body. The abnormal migration and differentiation of osteoclasts may accelerate bone absorption, a crucial process in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Regulating the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts is a breakthrough point for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Coumarin derivative of 3-(4-methoxyl)-1-(2-(4-coumarin) prop)-2-en-1-one (MCPEO) was selected in this study. We aimed to investigate the effects of (MCPEO) on osteoclast differentiation. Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) were collected from 6-week-old ICR mice and inoculated in vitro. BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells were induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL) to differentiate them into osteoclasts. The cells were then added with 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM MCPEO. The cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts was analyzed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The differentiated osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Miuse osteoclast activation was investigated by absorptive activity analysis. Filamentous actin (F-actin) staining was employed to identify the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated mouse osteoclasts. The change level of critical transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation was determined by Western blot analysis. Results: Data show that MCPEO affected the cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts, inhibited the formation of TRAP-positive polynuclear cells, and decreased the absorption activity and the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated osteoclasts. Furthermore, MCPEO influenced the change level of crucial transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation. Conclusions: MCPEO inhibited the differentiation of RANKL-induced BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts. TRAP staining into COAS (0.2 mL/well) osteoclast activity were seeded into 12-well (1 mL/well) for actin (F-actin) staining. After 7 0.01, and 1 μM MCPEO for

慕课作为一种在线课程,具有大规模参与和免费开放等特征,其发展促进了教育教学模式,甚至是教学理念的革新.当前,医学细胞生物学慕课的发展暴露出建设与使用相脱节,导致有效利用率不高、教学效果不显著等问题.因此,我们坚持以课程用户需求为导向,以实用性为特色,建设医学细胞生物学慕课,通过网络平台共享,以期提高人才培养质量,服务于学习型社会.

目的:探析实验课程学习对《医学细胞生物学》课程知识体系全面掌握的影响效果.方法:选择某医学院校两个开设《医学细胞生物学》课程的医学相关专业,以期末考试试卷分析结果为基础,比较两个专业在是否开设实验课程的前提下,学生对该课程的学习情况.结果:与同时开设《医学细胞生物学》理论和实验课程的专业相比较,未开设实验课程的专业,考生期末考试卷面平均成绩较低,低分数段考生较多,而高分数段考生较少,并且优秀率与及格率均较低.结论:《医学细胞生物学》实验课程开设与否,能够直接影响学生对该门课程知识体系的整体掌握效果.

以某高校生物专业大学生满意度为研究视角,进行了电子问卷调查和座谈讨论,对专业选择的背景、专业条件的认可度、专业满意度的测评、专业未来的期望等方面进行分析.总体来说,调研结果显示生物专业满意度情况较好,但学生仍存在一些困惑,对此提出了一些相应对策.

This study determined the effects of miR-338-3p on osteoclast (OC) differentiation and activation. The change levels of miR-338-3p in differentiated OCs were investigated by microRNA microarray assay and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The effects of miR-338-3p on the differentiation and activation of OCs were determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining resorption activity assay and Western blot. Target genes of miR-338-3p were identified by target gene prediction and dual-luciferase reporter gene detection assay as well as Western blot. Results showed that miR-338-3p was markedly downregulated in differentiated OCs. miR-338-3p could inhibit the formation and absorption activity of OCs. Western blot showed that miR-338-3p could influence the change levels of OC differentiation–related proteins. Dual-luciferase reporter gene detection assay and Western blot both showed that miR-338-3p directly targeted IKKβ gene. In conclusion, miR-338-3p may affect the formation and activity of OCs by targeting the IKKβ gene.

为落实立德树人根本任务,加强学生创新实践能力培养,构建"1-3-3-3"培养体系并不断实践,通过多层级实验教学体系的建设,搭建多层次、立体化学科竞赛平台和开展多级大学生创新项目,全方位、多渠道培养学生的创新精神和实践能力.

This study determined the influence of 3-(4-methoxyl)-1-(2-(4-coumarin)prop)-2-en-1-one (MCPEO) on the differentiation of Gaoyou duck embryo osteoclasts cultured in vitro. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) were harvested from 23-day-old Gaoyou duck embryos and induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) in the presence of MCPEO at different concentrations (i.e., 1, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μM). Cell viability measurement, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, resorption activity assay, and co-staining with Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC)-conjugated phalloidin and Hoechst 33,258 were conducted. Results indicated that MCPEO influenced the cell viability of the M-CSF + RANKL-induced BM-MNCs in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced the formation of positive multinucleated cells, and restrained the resorption capability of osteoclasts. Microfilament and nuclear staining indicated that MCPEO restricted the differentiation of BM-MNCs into large multinucleated osteoclasts. In short, MCPEO can inhibit the differentiation of BM-MNCs into mature osteoclasts in duck embryos. Therefore, MCPEO is a promising agent for the treatment of poultry osteoporosis.

日新月异的医疗环境对医学院校本科生的综合能力提出了更高的要求,研究型教学注重学生知识、能力和素养的全面发展,是培养综合型人才便捷有效的方式之一.文章从改进课堂教学方法、提升自主学习能力、探究式实验教学、课外科研活动以及教学效果评价等方面,对研究型教学的实践进行了总结,旨在推进研究型教学在本科生综合能力培养中的实践.

发酵工程是一门综合性和实践性很强的学科,目前已成为医学院校生物技术专业重要的专业课程.文章以蚌埠医学院生物技术专业为例,从师资队伍建设,教学内容优化,多元化教学手段实施,研究型实验教学设计,多层次实践教学环节建立等方面进行发酵工程课程教学改革,探讨教学策略,提高教学效果,使学生基本理论扎实,实践技能过硬,创新能力提高.

Objective:To explore the effects of different doses of formaldehyde on the teratosperm rate,bone marrow micronucleus rate,level of serum testosterone and testicular tissue in male Wistar rats.Methods:Forty sexual maturity male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the negative control group (treated with normal saline),low-dose formaldehyde poisoning group (treated with 0.2 mg · kg-1· d-1),mid-dose formaldehyde poisoning group (treated with 2 mg · kg-1 · d-1),high-dose formaldehyde poisoning group (treated with 20 mg · kg-1 · d-1),and positive control group (treated with 50 mg · kg-1 · d-1 cyclophosphamide).The levels of serum testosterone in rats were measured after 1 week of intraperitoneal injection.After 2 days of poisoning,the eyeball was removed,the blood sample was collected,and all rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation method.The teratosperm rate and micronucleus rate in all rats were analyzed.The testicle morphology and histopathology were analyzed by paraffin embedded section.Results:Compared with the negative control group,the teratosperm rate in low-and mid-dose formaldehyde poisoning groups increased (P ＜ 0.05),and the increasing degree of which in high-dose formaldehyde poisoning group and positive control group was more obvious (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the negative control group,the increasing degree of micronucleus rate in low-and mid-dose formaldehyde poisoning groups was not obvious(P ＞0.05),and the increasing degree of which in high-dose formaldehyde poisoning group and positive control group was more obvious(P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the negative control group,the levels of serum testosterone in low-and mid-dose formaldehyde poisoning groups decreased(P ＜ 0.01),and the decreasing degree of which in high-dose formaldehyde poisoning group and positive control group was more obvious(P ＜ 0.01).The paraffin embedded testicle section showed the tissue injury in high-dose formaldehyde poisoning group was severe.Conclusions:The formaldehyde can lead to the sperm malformation,increase the bone marrow micronucleus rate,and decrease the levels of serum testosterone in male Wistar rats.The formaldehyde has certain reproductive and genetic toxicity of in male Wistar rats.

目的 探讨通过试卷分析工作,评估试卷质量、反馈教学效果,以达到促进考试命题与教学质量双提升之目的.方法 采用某高校试卷评价系统Ver 1.0软件,对某医学院校某医学相关专业基础课程《医学细胞生物学》期末考试试卷的题量及分布、难度区分度、信度效度、成绩数据进行分析.结果 客观题与主观题难度均不大,主观题区分度良好,但客观题区分度较差,试卷信度和效度均较好.然而,考生成绩统计表明优良率与及格率均低于正常范围.结论 本次试卷命题严格按照教学大纲要求,试卷质量较高,但课程教学质量尚待逐步提高.同时,亦提出了课程教学的科学改进措施.

目的 探究在生物科学专业本科生中推行《细胞生物学》课程无纸化考试模式的效果.方法 以某高校2015级生物科学专业本科生传统纸质试卷考试与该校2016级生物科学专业本科生无纸化考试为研究对象,对卷面平均成绩、各分数段考生占比、主观题与客观题得分率≥90％的试题占比等指标进行比较.结果 与传统纸质试卷考试形式相比较,无纸化考试未显著影响考生卷面成绩和各分数段考生占比,显著降低主观题与客观题得分率≥90％的试题占比.结论 无纸化考试模式的改革对培养人才素质的提高、构建节约型社会均具有重要意义.无纸化考试模式值得在其它专业和课程中进行推广.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the Ca2+/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase pathway inhibitor KN93 on osteoclastogenesis. RAW264.7 cells were incubated with macrophage colony‑stimulating factor (M‑CSF) + receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B cells ligand (RANKL) to stimulate osteoclastogenesis and then treated with 10 µM KN93. The methods included tartrate‑resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, bone resorption activity assays, filamentous (F)‑actin staining, determination of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) levels, monitoring of osteoclast‑specific gene expression levels and measurement of key transcription factors protein levels. The results suggested that KN93 inhibited the formation of TRAP‑positive multinucleated cells, shaping of F‑actin rings and resorption activity of the cells. In addition, KN93 decreased the concentration of [Ca2+]i, expression levels of osteoclast specific genes and protein levels of critical transcription factors in the M‑CSF + RANKL‑induced osteoclast model. In summary, KN93 may directly affect the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, potentially through the Ca2+/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase signaling pathway.