介绍了"医学微生物学"课程顺应我国高等教育教学的发展要求,针对课程教学中的痛点问题,课程组创设了"道术、仁术"的生态和氛围深入推进课程思政,继而契合新医科理念行交叉学科知识更新融合,科研反哺教学,基础密接临床,锤炼学生"学术、技术".通过重置教学内容,线上线下混合式教学,运用数字信息化技术,紧扣"三态四环"培养服务适应地方经济建设和社会需要的"下得去、留得住、用得上"的医学人才.实践证实,"道术、仁术"价值塑造驱动了学生"学术、技术"的有效提升,本课程也被认定为首批国家级课程思政示范课程、教学名师和教学团队.

Phased national medical licensing examination requires clinical students to have the ability to apply basic medical knowledge to solve comprehensive clinical problems. But the traditional teaching patterns of Medical Microbiology experiments can no longer meet requirements of actual education effect. In order to accommodate new situation, we have integrated medical licensing examination with microbiology experimental teaching syllabus and contents. We have also comprehensively applied a variety of teaching methods and curriculum formative assessment in class. These reforming methods have efficiently improved classroom teaching effect and greatly inspired the enthusiasm of students, and effectively improved early clinical thinking ability and innovation ability of students.

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情暴发席卷全球.疫情期间,中国教育部发起"停课不停教、停课不停学"的倡议,统筹国家、地方和学校相关教学资源,提供线上课程,帮助超过23亿人次大、中、小学生在家远程学习.疫情之下的医学教育方式备受关注.宁夏医科大学各学院、各学系利用前期该校已经构建的在线学习平台结合钉钉直播、会议连线及微信互动、网络答疑等教学联合策略,保证进度、保证质量地顺利完成了2020年春季各门课程的教授.该文就疫情防控期间,应用上述教学方法对该校高职护理和药学三年制学生进行病原生物学与免疫学课程线上教学的经验进行总结,并提出了相应的改进措施.

现代网络信息技术的飞速发展,为医学教育提供了丰富的资源和学习模式.而传统的课堂教学在医学教育中有着悠久的历史和重要地位.在线学习与课堂教学的有机结合,优势互补,形成了线上线下混合式教学模式,有利于提高教学效果.本文结合自身工作实践,探索线上线下混合式教学模式在医学免疫学教学中的应用,以期为医学免疫学教学改革提供借鉴.

文章首先从学生课前"线上"自主学习、教师课堂"线下"教学、学生课后"线上"巩固知识三方面阐述了混合式教学模式在医学微生物学教学中的应用,然后说明了混合式教学模式在医学微生物学教学中应用的教学效果与学生评价.

目的 制备结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis,MTB)分泌蛋白Rv0674,筛选与Rv0674蛋白特异性结合的肽分子.方法 用PCR从MTB(H37Rv)基因组中扩增出Rv0674基因.克隆到pEASY-E1表达载体上,将测序验证正确的重组表达质粒转化入E.coli BL21中,用IPTG诱导蛋白表达,Ni2+亲和层析法纯化目的蛋白.通过SDS-PAGE和Western blot鉴定后,将纯化后的Rv0674蛋白包被到96孔板上,再利用噬菌体展示技术,经过连续4轮特异性亲和筛选,对第4轮产物随机挑取单独的噬菌斑,提取基因组并测序,用SnapGene 4.1.4比对并翻译多肽的基因序列.结果 构建了Rv0674序列正确的重组表达质粒,获得分子量约为26.5kD的可溶性Rv0674蛋白.从第4轮的洗脱物中,随机挑选40个噬菌斑.测序结果可翻译成10种多肽分子,其中重复19次的多肽序列为TSTMMMHMNL.结论 通过噬菌体展示技术筛选到TSTMMMHMNL多肽序列,对Rv0674蛋白的亲和力和特异性最好.

目的 研究胸腺嘧啶糖苷酶(TDG)在人视网膜色素上皮细胞(ARPE19)中低表达对细胞增殖和迁移的影响.方法 利用CRISPR/Cas9、慢病毒、测序、Western Blot和显微呈像技术,测定对细胞的增殖和迁移的影响.结果 干扰TDG基因后,TDG蛋白在ARPE19细胞中被抑制;同时也抑制了ARPE19细胞的增殖和迁移,TDG基因敲低组与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论 干扰TDG基因能抑制ARPE19细胞的增殖和迁移,提示TDG可能是治疗PVR的潜在新靶标.

医学微生物学是一门基础医学的主干学科,也是执业医师资格考试基础科目的考核内容.建立以执业医师资格考试为导向的医学微生物学试题库,不仅有助于提高执业医师资格考试通过率,而且有利于教考分离,提高教学质量.

目的 分析GSDMB基因rs7216389位点及ZPBP2基因rs11557467、rs12936231位点单核苷酸多态性与宁夏汉族系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)发生的相关性.方法 采用病例-对照关联研究,利用Taqman基因分型系统检测144例SLE患者和322例正常对照者的3个SNP位点,分析组间基因型及等位基因频率的分布差异.结果 2组3个SNP位点基因型频率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);患者组rs11557467 T、rs12936231G、rs7216389C等位基因频率均小于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 GSDMB基因rs7216389位点及ZPBP2基因rs11557467、rs12936231位点单核苷酸多态性与宁夏汉族人群SLE发生无相关性.

建设双语教学示范课是高校现代教学改革的发展趋势和主要方向.本课程组立足医学免疫学的学科特点和教学任务,分别从师资队伍的组建、双语教学教材的选择、教学模式的创新、教学评价方式的改革等方面阐述医学免疫学双语教学示范课的建设与实践,为提高本科生的专业素养和就业竞争力,培养其自主学习的能力提供思考.

目的 探讨外源性内皮素-1(ET-1)是否能够增加大鼠心肌氧自由基的含量.方法 30只雄性SD大鼠平均分为3组:ET-1组:冠状动脉口注射ET-1900pmol·kg-1;SOD-1+ET-1组:冠状动脉口注射SOD-10.6mg·kg-14min后再注射ET-1900pmol·kg-1;对照组:冠状动脉口注射生理盐水0.6ml·kg-1.麻醉状态下注射ET-1或生理盐水10min后取左心室心肌约300mg,10min内用电子自旋共振(ESR)波谱仪检测心肌氧自由基的含量.结果 ET-1组心肌氧自由基的波幅比注射生理盐水组明显增高(P＜0.05),而SOD-1+ET-1组氧自由基的波幅低于ET-1组(P＜0.05).结论 外源性ET-1可直接增加心肌细胞氧自由基的产生.

Objective:To investigate the effect and the possible mechanism of Sophoridine on pattern-recognition receptors of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in Mouse with Endotoxemia.Methods:The lung injury mouse models were induced by vena caudalis injection of LPS(7 mg/kg,E.coli O55:B5) to BALB/c mouse.The Sophoridine(12 mg/kg,6 mg/kg,3 mg/kg)was injected via peritoneal cavity respectively,and at 2,6,12,24 hour after injection and the samples of blood and lung were obtained respectively.Pathological changes of lung tissues were observed,content of lung water were measured by wet to dry weight ratio.The mRNA expression of LBP,CD14 and TLR4 of lung tissue were measured by RT-PCR.Protein expression of TLR4 of lung tissue was observed by Western blot.Semun TNF-α level was measured by radioimmunoassay.Results:The result of Sophoridine intervention groups at each time-control-point all showed Sophoridine could significantly abate pathological histological change of lung tissue of LPS-induced lung injury model mice,and the lung wet/dry weight significantly went down.Compared with LPS model group,mRNA expression of LBP,CD14 and TLR4,and protein expression of TLR4 of the lung was significantly reduced in the Sophoridine 3 dose intervention groups.The levels of serum TNF-α in high and middle-dose groups were significantly lower than that of in low-dose group(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusion:The mechanism of Sophoridine anti-endotoxin lung injury have strong relationship with down-regulating the expression of pattern recognition receptors LBP,CD14 and TLR4,and inhibiting the release of downstream inflammatory factor TNF-α.

"以学生为中心"是美国人本主义心理学家卡尔·罗杰斯提出的一种教育理念,在我国随着主体教育的深入和素质教育的推行而得到了教育界的高度重视.医学微生物学是一门重要的医学基础学科,针对学科知识量大,内容繁杂,传统教学中学生学习被动、依赖性强、积极性不高等问题,尝试以"以学生为中心"的教学模式更具有学科优势.

Objective To explore the effect of Cynanchum Chinense Total Alkaloid(CCTA) on humoral immunity function in normal mice.Methods CCTA which was divided into high(12.96mg/kg),medium(6.48mg/kg),low(3.24mg/kg) was injected into abdominal cavity of mice once a day for seven days.At the time of 12 hours after last injection,blood was taken from the eyes and spleen was taken.Spleenocytic plaque forming cell(PFC)was observed by quantitative hemolytic spectrophotometry(QHS).Serum hemolysin was measured.Results Compared with the group of immunized mice,optical density difference(OD) of plaque forming cell(PFC) and serum hemolysin were significantly increased in CCTA high and medium group(P0.05,P0.01 respectively);Compared with the CCTA low group,OD of plaque forming cell(PFC) was significantly increased(P0.05),and serum hemolysin was significantly increased as well(P0.01) in CCTA high and medium group.Conclusion CCTA has an improving effect on humoral immunity function in normal mice.

医学免疫学是医学院校重要的基础课程,难于理解,知识更新快。多媒体计算机辅助教学,可使教学形式多样化,内容形象、丰富,激发学生的学习兴趣。结合多年教学实践,探讨如何根据课程特点,在教学中充分合理地运用多媒体和网络技术,提高教学效果。

在医学微生物学实验教学中,开设设计性实验,是实验教学改革的核心。设计性实验的成功与否取决于实验准备是否充分与完善。从事实验准备工作的实验技术人员,要认识到实验准备计划、实验材料准备、与带教教师沟通、提高自身业务素质4方面的重要性,从而提高设计性实验教学质量。

CAI has been widely used in medical teaching. Based on the features of medical microbiology, the superiority and application of CAI courseware in theoretical teaching of medical microbiology were discussed. Meanwhile, the advantages of bringing CAI into play in teaching practice were discussed reasonably in order to improve teaching quality and efficiency.

实验教学是医学微生物学教学的重要组成部分,为适应新时期下的医学教育,提高医学微生物学整体教学质量,重新构建实验教学框架,优化教学过程,更新和丰富教学手段,改革考核方法。

为适应数字教学的教育环境进程和发展,提高教学质量,并在一定程度上减轻教师劳动强度和解决实验教学标本短缺的问题,通过多种途径,利用多种方法构建了适合微生物学教学的多媒体素材库,并对其应用及可能存在的问题进行探讨。

<正>随着我国高等教育体制改革的不断深入和素质教育意识的增强,提高教学质量,培养具有综合能力、创新能力的人才成为医学院校实验教学环节努力的方向。为此,我们在 2003级临床医学、麻醉、预防、检验本科专业的医学微生物学实验教学中进行设计性实验的实践与探索,取得了良好的教