This work investigated the processing quality and flavor characteristics of Acrossocheilus fasciatus subjected to five thermal treatments including water boiling (WB), steaming (ST), air frying (AF), deep frying (DF), and baking (BA). The results suggested that the protein and fat percentage increased after air frying and deep frying, and the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness also significantly increased (PA. fasciatus under these two thermal treatment methods have higher nutrition and better taste. The results of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry showed that the concentration of aldehydes was the highest, while the concentration of acids was the lowest. Among them, the concentration of hexanal for AF group was the highest, reaching 2.13 ng/g in BA. Esters have the highest total concentration in AF and are typically sweet and fruity, forming a part of the odor component. Besides, AF group has a relatively higher content of Docosahexaenoic Acid and Eicosapentaenoic Acid. Compared to WB group, the AF groups had higher contents of aspartic, glutamic, glycine, alanine, and arginine, presenting a more delicious flavor, which were also detected by electronic tongue. Overall, it can be generally concluded that air frying would favor improving the thermal processing qualities of A. fasciatus products.

This study comparatively evaluated the effects of four aquaculture systems pond (PD), rice field (RF), round bucket (RB) and water trough (WT) on the flesh quality, gut microbiota and metabolites of Acrossocheilus fasciatus. Compared with the other three groups, texture analysis revealed that the RF group exhibited significantly higher hardness and chewiness (P < 0.05), the highest content of umami amino acids, relatively high levels of flavor compounds (alcohols and esters), and significantly higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content, particularly rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Additionally, metabolomics and gut microbiota analyses showed that compared with the other three groups, the RF group had significantly higher contents of beneficial metabolites and bacterial genera, enhancing flavor and nutritional value by regulating amino acids, fatty acids, and volatile flavor compounds.These findings highlight the potential of RF in improving fish quality and elucidating metabolomic and microbial mechanisms, providing theoretical support for ecological aquaculture.

The Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) is an aquatic reptile prized for its nutritional and health benefits. Given its adaptability to various culturing modes including the greenhouse, pond and rice culturing modes, we conducted a comparative analysis of the morphology, organ trait and nutritional composition of turtles cultured in three culturing modes. This study investigated the plasticity of morphology and physiology, as well as the variations in nutritional composition across varying culturing modes. The results demonstrated that after approximately 120 days of cultivation, significant changes were observed in the morphology, physiology and nutritional composition of turtles from each culturing mode. In terms of morphology, rice turtles exhibited an arched shell shape, broad plastron, elongated limbs, narrow interocular distance and slender head and neck. Pond turtles displayed similar morphological characteristics to rice turtles, with the additional features of a flattened body shape and narrower plastron. Greenhouse turtles presented a flattened shell shape, narrow plastron, shortened limbs, wider interocular distance and stocky head and neck. Regarding the organ characteristics, the specific weights of liver, viscera, internal fat lumps and condition factors were significantly higher in greenhouse turtles compared to rice turtles and pond turtles (p < 0.05). Conversely, the specific weights of the back carapace, calipash and edible part were significantly lower than those in rice turtles and pond turtles (p < 0.05). Nutritional analysis revealed that crude protein, total amino acid, essential amino acid, flavor amino acid, pharmacodynamic amino acid, collagen and EPA+DHA contents were significantly higher in rice turtles and pond turtles than greenhouse turtles (p < 0.05). However, crude fat and unsaturated fatty acid contents were significantly higher in greenhouse turtles than in rice turtles and pond turtles (p < 0.05). In summary, Chinese soft-shelled turtles exhibited significant morphological and organ plasticity in response to different culturing modes. While the rice and pond culturing modes could enhance the nutritional quality of turtles to some extent, the impact of commercial feed on fatty acid profiles must be carefully considered.

Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 5 (NFAT5) is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in immune regulation. While its functions have been extensively studied in mammalian immune systems, its role in marine invertebrates, particularly in bivalves, remains largely unexplored. This study provides the first characterization of the NFAT5 gene in the thick-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus), investigating its evolutionary characteristics and immunological functions. Using direct RNA sequencing, McNFAT5 was comprehensively analyzed, revealing its critical involvement in the innate immune response of M. coruscus to Vibrio alginolyticus challenge. Differential expression patterns of McNFAT5 were observed across various tissues with the highest expression detected in hemolymphs. The knockdown of McNFAT5 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to a significant reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Na+/K+-ATPase, and antioxidant enzymes compared to levels observed post-infection. These findings highlight the central role of McNFAT5 in modulating antioxidant defense mechanisms. In conclusion, McNFAT5 is a key regulatory factor in the innate immune system of M. coruscus, providing valuable insights into the immune adaptive mechanisms and evolutionary mechanisms of bivalve immunity. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the immune regulatory networks in marine invertebrates.

The Chinese hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens) is a newly developed economic fish species for its good taste, high nutritional content, and suitability for aquaculture in southeastern China, but its dietary protein requirement has not been investigated. In this study, the fish (initial weight 12.45 +/- 0.21 g) were fed five isoenergetic diets with varying protein levels (35-47 %, P35-P47) for 65 days. Growth performance increased with higher dietary protein levels up to 41 % and then plateaued at higher concentrations. On the basis of the second regression analysis, the dietary protein requirement of Chinese hook snout carp was estimated to be 42.97 %. Different dietary protein levels did not significantly influence the muscle crude protein or amino acid profile (P > 0.05) but significantly affected the contents of some fatty acids (P < 0.05). The P47 group had a significantly lower hepatic malonaldehyde content than the other groups. The liver samples from the P35, P41, and P47 groups were subsequently used for transcriptomic analysis. There were 43 and 106 downregulated and 172 and 190 upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the P41 vs P35 and P47 vs P41 comparisons, respectively. DEGs associated with nutrient metabolism and immune responses provide insights for optimizing protein levels in aquaculture feed formulations. Compared with those in the P41 group, some genes related to the digestive system (e.g., carboxypeptidases, elastase 2, trypsin-2, and bile salt-activated lipase) and immune response (e.g., NF-kappa B inhibitor alpha, tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3, complement C3, and C7) were significantly upregulated in the P47 group. In contrast, the P35 group presented lower amino acid and lipid metabolism (e.g., stearoyl-CoA desaturase, glutamine synthetase, and bile salt-activated lipase) expression levels. The present study revealed that 42.97 % dietary protein was optimal for the growth of Chinese hook snout carp. The low protein diet inhibited hepatic protein and lipid metabolism, whereas high dietary protein inhibited nutrient digestion but promoted an immune response on the basis of transcriptomic analysis.

Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) is an important freshwater breeding species in East and Southeast Asia. The most external differences among different strains are skin pigmentation and blotches, but the mechanism of their formation is unknown. To investigate the mechanism of skin pigmentation diversity in Chinese soft-shelled turtle, three unique phenotypes (Golden strain, Japanese strain and Qingxi black strain) were selected to observe the chromatophores, and the transcriptome and metabolome were compared. The results showed the presence of melanophores, xanthophores and iridophores in the skin of all three strains. However, there were differences in the composition and organelles of chromatophores. The upregulation of gene asip and elevated accumulation of glutathione and cysteine in Golden strain resulted in the production of pheomelanin, leading to yellow pigmentation in the skin. The upregulation of gene dct and elevated accumulation of indole-5, 6-quinone in Qingxi black strain resulted in the production of eumelanin, which made the skin appear black-brown. Japanese strain produced eumelanin and pheomelanin, however, the presence of melanosomes resulted in skin darkening and appeared dark green pigmentation. The white blotches of Gloden strain and Japanese strains were formed through increased production of iridophores, while the black blotches of Qingxi black strain were formed by inducing migration and apoptosis of melanophores within iridophores. In conclusion, the distinctive characteristics of the skin in three strains resulted from combination of melanin type, abundance of melanosomes and interaction between melanophores and iridophores. These results provided valuable reference for investigating the mechanisms underlying skin pigmentation diversity in Chinese soft-shelled turtle and other vertebrates.

To investigate difference in the quality of the different parts (back, tail muscles, and fish skin) of Opsariichthys bidens from pond and rice field cultures, a comparative study was conducted in terms of nutritional composition, volatile flavor profiles and gut microbiota. In detail, the texture, free amino acids, fatty acids were further assessed. The results suggested that the moisture content, crude protein and crude fat content in the skin of O. bidens are higher than those in the back and tail muscles, regardless of breeding modes. The fish cultured in the rice field had a higher protein content than those from the pond culture, while the fat content of the rice field-cultured fish was significantly low compared to the fish from the pond culture, especially in the back and tail parts. A total of 43 volatile components were detected by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), with a maximum of 18 types of aldehydes and the highest concentration being nonanal. Compared to pond cultures, the fish from the rice field cultures showed more abundant flavor composition and odor-active compounds. The total content of DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) and EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) in the rice field-cultured fish was higher than that of the pond group, while no significant disparity in amino acid composition was observed (p > 0.05). Comparative and clustering analyses of gut microbiota revealed notable discrepancies in the gut microbiota of O. bidens from two aquaculture systems. However, an inherent correlation between the gut microbiome and meat quality would be further emphasized in further studies. This study can offer a theoretical reference for the development of high-quality aquatic products by selecting the appropriate aquaculture models.

IntroductionPrevious studies found that phytosterols could influence growth performance, feed utilization and lipid metabolism as well as improve the antioxidant capacity of animals.MethodsTo investigate the effects of dietary phytosterol supplementation on juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed a high-starch diet, a 56- day feedingtrial was conducted with four dietary feeds for juvenile largemouth bass: extruded floating feed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain 10% and 15% α-starch; on the basis of a 15% α-starch diet, two other diets were formulated with supplementation of 0.1% and 0.5% phytosterol, respectively. After the feeding trials, the survival rate, weight gain and specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, intraperitoneal fat ratio, feed intake, protein efficiency ratio and activities of three digestive enzymes, as well as the concentrations of nine plasma biochemical indices, hepatic enzyme activities and glycogen contents, were measured and calculated, and the data were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe results of the present study showed that the survival rate, weight gain and specificgrowthrates were significantly greater in plants fed high-starch diets supplemented with phytosterols. As the supplemental phytosterol concentration increased, the feed conversion ratio and intraperitoneal fat ratio significantly decreased; the protease and lipase levels in the pyloric zone markedly increased; the plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, malondialdehyde, aspartate transaminase and alanin transaminase levels significantly decreased; the glucokinase and pyruvate kinase levelsmarkedly increased; and the hepatic glycogen content significantly decreased.DiscussionIn summary, dietary phytosterol supplementation promoted the growth performance, feed utilization and antioxidant status of juvenile largemouth bass fed a highstarch diet; enhanced glucose utilization and metabolism; and alleviated the negative stimulation of glycemia stress in M. salmoide fed a high-starch diet.

大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)是重要的淡水名优养殖鱼类.为梳理大口黑鲈的研究进展及热点,基于Web of Science核心合集数据库和CNKI中文数据库,收集1990-2022年围绕大口黑鲈发表的相关文献,采用文献计量分析法进行研究.结果表明:大口黑鲈的研究文献数量呈波动性增长趋势;其研究文献具有较高的学术价值,中国和美国为主要研究与发文国家;机构合作以高校和科研院所为主,且国内科研机构对大口黑鲈的研究具有一定国际影响力,共被引文献中国内学者的研究成果被引次数最多;两个数据库对大口黑鲈的研究均集中在种群状况、个体生长、病害防治、功能基因、饲料营养等方面.建议今后进一步深化大口黑鲈研究的国际国内交流合作,探索更广泛更前沿领域的研究,促进不同学科交叉渗透,有力支撑大口黑鲈养殖产业绿色高质量发展.

Allium senescens, is an important economic and ecological grassland plant with drought-resistant characteristics. A TCP protein transcription factor is important in the regulation of plant development and adverse responses. However, the mechanism by which TCP transcription functions in drought resistance in Allium senescens is still not clear. Here, we obtained a total of 190,305 transcripts with 115,562 single gene clusters based on RNA-Seq sequencing of Allium senescens under drought stress. The total number of bases was 97,195,096 bp, and the average length was 841.06 bp. Furthermore, we found that there were eight genes of the TCP family that showed an up regulated expression trend under drought stress in Allium senescens. We carried out an investigation to determine the evolution and function of the AsTCP family and how they produce an effect in drought resistance. The 14 AsTCP genes were confirmed and divided into class I and class II containing CIN and CYC/TBI subfamilies, respectively. We also found that the expression of AsTCP17 was remarkably upregulated with drought treatment. Besides, the transformation of AsTCP17 in Arabidopsis revealed that the protective enzymes, namely polyphenol oxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were increased by 0.4 and 0.8 times, respectively. Chlorophyll content was also increased, while the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were decreased. Staining assays with 3,3 '- diaminobenzidine (DAB) also suggested that the AsTCP17 downregulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In addition, overexpression of the AsTCP17 affected the accumulation of drought-related hormones in plants, and the synthesis of ABA. The expression of AtSVP and AtNCED3, related ABA synthesis pathway genes, indicated that the level of expression of AtSVP and AtNCED3 was obviously enhanced, with the overexpression of line 6 showing a 20.6-fold and 7.0-fold increase, respectively. Taken together, our findings systematically analyze the AsTCPs family at the transcriptome expression level in Allium senescens, and we also demonstrated that AsTCP17 protein, as a positive regulator, was involved in drought resistance of Allium senescens. In addition, our research contributes to the comprehensive understanding of the drought stress defense mechanism in herbaceous plants.

浙江省拥有狭长的海岸线、广阔的大陆架以及众多海岛,同时地处亚热带季风气候区,雨量充沛,淡水资源丰富,年均温度适中.得益于优越的地理气候环境、基础设施的改善以及行业管理的完善,浙江省水产养殖业产业规模和经济总产值逐年稳步提高.据渔业统计年报数据,2019年其水产养殖总面积为382.5万亩,总产量244万吨;总产值相比2014年提升了38.3％,达到了466亿元,位居全国前位.

本研究对2021年度浙江省小龙虾(Procambarus clarkii)产业发展状况进行调查分析,结果显示,全省小龙虾养殖发展迅猛,养殖面积和产量持续上升,高效生态养殖模式得以创新发展,其中水稻-小龙虾综合种养占据主导地位,养殖效益较好,减肥减药成效显著.湖州、嘉兴两市养殖发展最为迅猛,但目前生产量还不能满足本地市场消费需求,需从外地购入.并对浙江省小龙虾养殖产业存在的问题提出了发展建议,以期为促进浙江省农(渔)业绿色高质量发展提供数据支撑和理论参考.

本研究建立了一种基于Captiva EMR-Lipid小柱净化结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(LC-MS/MS)快速分析多种水产品基质中五氯酚钠残留的方法.样品经1％乙酸乙腈溶液(v/v)提取,Captiva EMR-Lipid小柱净化后采用LC-MS/MS方法进行检测.选择ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C 18色谱柱作为分析柱,甲醇和5 mmol/L甲酸铵水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应监测负离子模式扫描,同位素内标法定量.结果表明,五氯酚钠在相关范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r不低于0.99,本研究方法在缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)、罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenber-gii)、大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)、中华鳖(Trionyx Sinensis)、大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)和青蟹(Scylla)样品中的定量限均为0.5μg/kg,基质加标回收率范围为89.6％～103.0％,相对标准偏差为4.39％～12.20％.该方法操作简便,测定结果准确、可靠,适用于水产品中五氯酚钠残留的快速测定.

With the rapid expansion of fisheries, one of the most significant limitations to the sustainable development of fisheries in China is the quality and safety of fishery products owing to the abuse of fishery drugs and the use of illegal and/or restricted chemicals in fishery drugs. A range of chemicals that are potential hazards to fishery drugs were selected for screening in this study. A comprehensive analytical method was developed, based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), for the rapid screening of 86 types of illegally added chemicals in fishery drugs. The fishery drug samples were extracted with 80% (v/v) acetonitrile aqueous solution and diluted to reduce matrix effects. The 86 target compounds were separated on an ACQUITY PREMIER HSS T3 column (100 mm×2.1 mm, 1.8 μm), with methanol and 0.1% formic acid as mobile phases, via gradient elution. The extract was directly analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS using electrospray ionization in the positive mode. The external standard method was used for quantification. In this study, the extraction reagent and purification procedure were selected to develop a simple and effective pre-treatment protocol. The effects of the chromatographic column, mobile phase, and fragmentation voltage on the separation and sensitivity of the 86 substances were evaluated to determine the optimum instrument conditions. An accurate mass database and fragment ion library were created for the rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis of the 86 illegally added chemicals in fishery drugs. The retention time, isotopic abundance and spacing, and precise mass of the principal diagnostic ion for each analyte were used for identification. The information on the fragment ions obtained from the target MS/MS profiles was compared with that from a database to ensure the accuracy of the qualitative results. The chromatographic peak area of each target analyte was used for quantification. The analytical detection was based on the retention time deviation of ±0.35 min, accurate mass deviation of ±10×10-6, and major adduct forms, including [M+H]+, [M+Na]+, and [M+NH4]+. To evaluate the matrix effects of the 86 target chemicals at varied dilution ratios, two types of antibiotics and four types of Chinese herbal medicines were selected as typical samples. Considering the instrument tolerance as well as sensitivity and accuracy of the procedure, the recommended dilution ratios for antibiotics and Chinese herbal medicines were 50 times and 10 times, respectively. Two different types of calibration curves were prepared; one was the solvent calibration curve for antibiotics and the other was the matrix calibration curve for Chinese herbal medicines. For a given concentration, the calibration curves of the 86 target chemicals were linear with correlation coefficients of at least 0.99. The recoveries ranged from 76.8% to 112.1% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) (n=3) of less than 11.7%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) ranges of the compounds in Chinese herbal medicines and antibiotics were 1-15 mg/kg and 5-75 mg/kg, respectively. To evaluate the screening detection limits (SDLs) of each compound, a mixed standard solution was added to a fishery drug sample at varied concentrations. The SDL ranges of the compounds in Chinese herbal medicines and antibiotics were 1-15 and 5-50 mg/kg, respectively. This approach resulted in SDLs that satisfy the actual screening requirements. Because of its rapid nature, simplicity, accuracy, and sensitivity, the method may be used in the high-throughput screening and identification of illegally added chemicals in many types of fishery drugs. This method was applied to a monitoring project for the quality and safety of fishery inputs in Zhejiang Province. Sixty fishery drug samples were evaluated, among which eight Chinese herbal medicine samples were found to contain unspecified ingredients and one antibiotic sample was found to be free of any active substances. Thus, an effective technical method to monitor the quality and safety of fishery drugs was developed.

以池塘内循环"跑道"与传统土池模式养成的梭鱼(Liza haematocheila)为研究对象,分析2种不同模式对梭鱼肌肉基本营养组成、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成、质构参数以及土腥味物质含量等指标的影响.结果表明,相比于土池组,"跑道"组梭鱼背肌粗脂肪含量显著下降,粗灰分含量显著增加(P＜0.05);"跑道"组鱼肉中赖氨酸和缬氨酸含量以及必需氨基酸总量/非必需氨基酸总量显著高于土池组(P＜0.05);"跑道"组鱼肉饱和脂肪酸总量显著低于土池组(P＜0.05),但多不饱和脂肪酸总量显著增加(P＜0.05);硬度等7项质构参数指标均以"跑道"组高于土池组(P＜0.05).土池组的梭鱼肌肉中检测有土臭素存在,而"跑道"组中未检测到土臭素和2-甲基异莰醇.研究表明"跑道"模式能够一定程度提升梭鱼的营养品质.

在室内循环水系统开展大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)3个品系养殖生长对比试验.大口黑鲈'优鲈1号,、'优鲈3号,、'浙鲈2号'随机分配到9个养殖缸中,每组设3个重复,每个缸中30尾鱼(初始均重6.08±0.12g),养殖8周.试验鱼存活率高于98.89％(P＞0.05),体生长'优鲈3号'＞'优鲈1号'＞'浙鲈2号',但无显著差异(P＞0.05);'浙鲈2号'的体长变异系数和体重变异系数最小(P＞0.05).各品系形态学指标无显著差异(P＞0.05).饲料系数和蛋白质效率最高值分别出现在'浙鲈2号'和'优鲈3号'(P＜0.05).肌肉常规营养组成和氨基酸组成均无显著差异(P＞0.05).'浙鲈2号'的肠蛋白酶和肝脏蛋白酶活性最低(P＜0.05).各品系血清中10项生化指标均无显著差异(P＞0.05).本试验表明大口黑鲈'优鲈3号'生长性能相对较好;'浙鲈2号'在体增长、营养组成和血清生理指标等方面的表现和优鲈系列相近,显示出良好的育种潜力.

目的 评估2018—2019年浙江省养殖水产品中6种喹诺酮类药物残留分析及风险.方法 2018—2019年随机抽检浙江省11个地市658家养殖场的养殖水产品,采用液相色谱-串联质谱法对水产品中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星、洛美沙星6种喹诺酮类药物残留进行分析,同位素内标法定量计算得到喹诺酮类药物残留量范围,并通过查阅文献与每日允许摄入量对比,得到人体实际每日摄入量范围.结果 6种喹诺酮类药物检出率为0～24.2％,残留量范围为0～964μg/kg;其中鱼类样品检出残留量值最高,达964μg/kg;龟鳖类样品检出药物种类最多,达4种;蛙类超标率最高达18.2％;地市中湖州市养殖场6种药物的检出率最高,达29.6％.食用风险评价以每人日摄入75 g水产品为例,恩诺沙星摄入量范围为0.58～115.73μg,占每日最大允许摄入量的0.16％～31.11％.结论 浙江省养殖水产品中喹诺酮类药物有一定量的检出,以限用药恩诺沙星、环丙沙星为主,健康风险较小,处于相对安全水平;氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、培氟沙星和洛美沙星4种禁用药物检出率较低,但在个别样品中残留含量较高,其每日最大允许摄入量尚不明确,存在潜在危害性.

为探索池塘循环流水跑道养殖模式下大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)的适宜养殖密度,在浙江省南浔区菱湖盛江家庭农场开展3种不同密度(每条跑道2.3万尾、2.5万尾和2.7万尾)的大口黑鲈跑道养殖试验,养殖周期4个月.结果 表明:不同密度养殖的大口黑鲈存活率均在90％以上,总增重、平均规格随放养密度增加而减小,饲料系数、养殖成本随放养密度增加而增加;跑道养殖效益以每条跑道2.3万尾的最高,迭0.90万元/667m2,2.7万尾的最低,为0.65万元/667m2;跑道中氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮和总磷水质指标随大口黑鲈放养密度增加略有上升,但整体差异不明显.大口黑鲈适宜在池塘循环流水跑道模式中养殖,每条跑道适宜放养密度为2.3万尾;养殖水可实现循环利用,具有良好的经济和生态效益.

分析了浙江省2月10日至4月26日新冠肺炎疫情防控最严格的11周有关养殖渔情的水产品供销、投入品供应、 重点养殖单位复工复产、 主要水产批发市场运行、 进出口企业复工等情况;对未来半年到一年内省内主要养殖水产品的行情走势作了预测,并提出了行业发展相关建议.

本试验评估了投喂配合饲料和冰鲜饵料对拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)池塘混养模式的影响.经过5个月的养殖试验,结果显示:配合饲料组与冰鲜饵料组抽样青蟹的平均规格、形体学指标、肝胰腺指数和性腺指数均无显著差异(P＜0.05).配合饲料组的青蟹肌肉中粗蛋白含量显著高于冰鲜饵料组(P＜0.05).配合饲料组青蟹胃蛋白酶、肠蛋白酶的活性显著高于冰鲜饵料组(P＜0.05),胃淀粉酶活性显著低于冰鲜饵料组(P＜0.05).冰鲜饵料组池塘水体的氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、磷酸盐和总有机碳指标均高于配合饲料组(P＞0.05).在属水平上,冰鲜饵料组水样中的海命菌属等7种微生物菌的平均相对丰度显著高于配合饲料组(P＜0.05);冰鲜饵料组底泥中的地杆菌属等8种微生物菌的平均相对丰度显著高于配合饲料组(P＜0.05).配合饲料组每667 m2总产量(蟹+虾+贝)和利润分别为374 kg和6 210元,比冰鲜饵料组分别增加5.9％和42.6％.投喂配合饲料可以提高拟穴青蟹围塘养殖效益,具有推广可行性.