The proteomics of inflammatory response in whey from cows with subclinical mastitis were analysed. Whey protein lysates were separated on 24 cm dry IPG strips (pH 3-10 linear) and 24 cm dry IPG strips (pH 4-7) using two-dimensional electrophoresis. The results indicated that the whey proteins in milk from cows with subclinical mastitis are different from those in milk from healthy cows. All protein spots were found to have biologically relevant changes in relative abundance during subclinical mastitis using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis, including beta-1,4 galactosyltransferase, beta-2 microglobulin, complement 3, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, beta-lactoglobulin A, alpha-S1 casein precursor, beta-casein B, and serotransferrin precursor. The mRNA expression of these genes was verified by quantitative real-time PCR. These proteins are involved in signal transduction, binding, transport, and immune defence activity. The results suggest that the markers may be used for the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis.

The expression vector hα-LA–psv including human alpha lactalbumin 0.76 kb cDNA gene sequence was successfully constructed and transfected into the bovine mammary epithelial cells.The production of human alpha lactalbumin was 0.85mg/mL approximately.The results indicate that the expression vector can express alpha lactalbumin in bovine mammary epithelial cells effectively.

To determinate the concentration of haptoglobin(Hp) in milk of cows with mastitis,a sandwich ELISA was established by coating with bovine-hemoglobin to capture Hp in whey and detecting with the anti-Hp-antibody and ap-conjugated-antibody.The Hp detection limit of ELISA was 0.08 μg/mL.The ELISA test had no cross-reaction with other acute phase proteins of cows with mastitis.The variant coefficients of ELISA intra-and inter-batches were from 3.27% to 4.98% and from 5.46% to 8.31%,respectively.Correlation between analytical results of the ELISA test and the commercial kits test was similar(R2=0.996 2) based on detection of 50 whey samples.This method could provide an simple and effective approach for the diagnosis of mastitis.

Bovine whey contains many kinds of high-abundance proteins and varied interferential impurity,so it’s hard to obtain satisfied protein images of bovine whey in two dimensional electrophoresis(2-DE).Protein extraction from bovine whey is a key step to achieve high-resolution protein separation in 2-DE.Four routine total protein extraction methods were compared in order to determine an optimal one in 2-DE analysis for bovine whey.Bovine whey protein were extracted by direct schizolysis,TCA-acetone,trizol precipitation and 2-D clean up kit.The concentration of total protein was measured by 2-D quant kit,bovine whey protein were separated using SDS-PAGE and 2-DE.The data showed that use of 2-D clean up kit gave maximum protein yield,and the use of trizol gave the lowest.The result of SDS-

The protein myeloperoxidase(MPO) was isolated and purified from bovine whole blood by Sephadex G-200 chromatography and ConA-Sephrose 4B affinity chromatography.The activity,molecular weight,rate of purity and protein concentration of MPO were 0.068 U/mL,64.7,47.9,13.4 ku,94.2% and 147.3 μg/mL,respectively.The method developed for the isolation and purification of MPO was important for the following research.

结合珠蛋白是一种酸性糖蛋白,在奶牛机体中是一种主要的急性期蛋白。由于所含轻链类型的不同,结合珠蛋白具有遗传多态性。结合珠蛋白主要在肝脏合成,并且其表达受脂多糖、细胞因子、激素等的调节。结合珠蛋白不同的表现型在奶牛临床上有不同的生物学功能,其多型性与许多炎症性疾病包括感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病等的发生及发展有关。其乳中含量在奶牛临床型乳房炎和人工诱导的金黄色葡萄球菌隐性乳房炎中含量均有明显升高,对奶牛乳房炎诊断具有很好的研究价值。

Endometritis is an inflammation of the endometrial lining of the uterus without systemic signs, which is associated with chronic postpartum infection of the uterus with pathogenic bacteria. Nitric oxide (NO) is an inflammatory mediator that among other effects causes smooth muscle relaxation and mediated cytoimmunity and inflammation toxicity. To see if the nitric oxide concentration in plasma and uterine secrets is related with postpartum endometritis, NO concentrations in plasma and uterine secrets were measured in dairy cows with puerperal endometritis (clinical endometritis ( n = 60) and subclinical endometritis ( n = 58)). Cows with clinical or subclinical endometritis showed higher concentrations of NO in both plasma and uterine secrets when compared with normal cows and the highest concentrations of NO in plasma and uterine secrets were found in dairy cows with clinical endometritis. Expression level of NOS2 mRNA in endometrial biopsies from cows with puerperal endometritis was also higher and the highest expression of NOS2 mRNA was found in cows with clinical endometritis. The results showed that concentrations of NO in plasma and uterine fluid are related with the degree of endometritis which may be useful to diagnose the endometritis in dairy cows.

The experimental course of animal clinical physiology and biochemistry is an applicational course combined with basic theory and professional technology.The fields and testing items involved in this course have been increased with the rapid development of science and technology.The automatic,modular,and computer-oriented modernization model have been showed in the paper.This course provides a practical platform for students to utilize veterinary knowledge and makes it improved.

Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) acts as both a PGD(2)-synthesizing enzyme and an extracellular transporter for small lipophilic molecules. Here we report the backbone and side-chain resonance assignments of uniformly (15)N, (13)C labeled rat L-PGDS.

中草药用于防治奶牛(山羊)乳房炎不但具有副作用小、不产生耐药性、免疫学功效明显的优点,还具有免疫佐剂的作用和抗菌(抑菌)、消炎等特点,中草药防治奶牛(山羊)乳房炎的应用前景非常广阔。

In order to establish the early diagnosis indexes for chronic mastitis in milk goats,udder quarters of milk goats were inoculated with Staph aureus.Somatic cells(SC) and bacteria in infected milk samples were counted for 21 days.The concentra-tions of Serum amyloid protein A(SAA) and haptoglobin(Hp) in serum and whey samples were also tested.Correlations between the concentrations of bacteria and SC,SAA and SC,Hp and SC from milk samples were analysed,respectively.The concen-trations of SAA and Hp in serum and whey samples were significantly higher than that of pre-infection samples.We concluded that SAA and Hp in milk samples could be used as sensitive parameters for diagnosis of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

Animal biochemistry course had been provincial level exquisite article since 2003,is appling for national level exquisite article by active construction.The article investigates exquisite article construction tar- get and how to construction;how to organization top-grade teachers;how to set up a contemporary teaching principle;strengthen course system reform and teaching content construction;making use of contemporary teaching method and medium;implementing excellent educational resources sharing;renovating teaching man- agement evaluation regiment,and detailed investigating the exquisite article construction target and content.

<正>生物技术药物(biotechdrugs)是采用DNA重组技术或其他新生物技术生产的药物。生物技术药物的研究和开发,已经成为医药产业中的一个重要的领域。具有生理活性蛋

To observe the influence of Chinese herbal immunopotentiating agent on lactation period goat peripheral blood,speen and lymphonodi supramammarici lymphocyte apoptosis with AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI flow cytometry(FCM).Chinese herbal immunopotentiating agent can depress the apoptosis rate of lymphocyte.

动物微生态制剂是指利用动物体内正常微生物及其代谢产物或生长促进物质经特殊加工工艺而制成的制剂,其具有补充、调整或维持动物肠道内微生态平衡,提高动物免疫能力,达到防治疾病、促进健康或提高生产性能的目的.

森林鼠害是由森林害鼠因栖息、取食等活动给森林带来的直接或间接危害,是我国主要的森林生物灾害之一.

随着畜牧业的蓬勃发展,畜禽疾病的防治已愈来愈重要,尽管发达国家对畜禽的某些烈性传染病(如炭疽病、布病、口蹄疫、猪瘟、结核病等)采取以消灭病原为主要目的的捕杀措施,并收到一定效果.但是,许多疾病还主要依赖疫苗作为预防手段.自从英国医生Jenner用牛痘苗(1798年)预防天花并取得成功以来,科学工作者又陆续研制了30余种减毒、灭活疫苗,被称为第一代疫苗.以后又研制的亚单位疫苗被称为第二代疫苗.它们在人类及动物某些疾病防治中发挥了极其重要的作用.但减毒、灭活疫苗的潜在致病性和亚单位疫苗免疫反应的不完全性迫使人们继续寻找更为理想的免疫接种剂.于是,被称为第三代疫苗的核酸疫苗应运而生,并逐渐显示出其内在的优越性.