Titanium and its alloys are widely used in dental implants because of their strength, corrosion resistance and predictable osseointegration. However, corrosion, mechanical wear and tribocorrosion can release titanium particles and ions into peri-implant tissues, potentially contributing to inflammation and marginal bone loss. Therefore, it is of interest to examine the titanium degradation mechanisms, particle distribution and biological pathways involving macrophage activation, cytokine release, osteolysis and inflammasome signalling. Diagnostic challenges include the absence of validated biomarkers and limited evidence establishing a direct causal relationship between titanium degradation and peri-implantitis. Thus, improved diagnostic methods, surface modifications, antimicrobial coatings and alternative implant materials may help reduce degradation-associated tissue damage and improve long-term peri-implant health.
Periodontal and endodontic infections cause chronic inflammatory conditions of the oral cavity that can lead to systemic inflammatory activity via unique, but possibly overlapping, immune processes. This study evaluated the association between periodontal disease burden and systemic inflammatory markers and characterized inflammatory molecular signatures in chronic apical periodontitis. A secondary-data analytical design integrated independent clinical and transcriptomic analyses. Periodontal examination, C-reactive protein (CRP), and complete blood count data were used to assess systemic inflammatory profiles according to periodontal severity, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss. Group comparisons, Spearman correlations, and robust linear regression were performed. Processed single-cell transcriptomic data from chronic apical periodontitis were independently analyzed to identify cell-specific inflammatory markers and mechanistic domains. CRP, white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio differed significantly across periodontal severity categories. Continuous periodontal measures showed weak but significant associations with CRP and selected leukocyte markers, while severe periodontitis was associated with higher log-transformed CRP. Chronic apical periodontitis showed high expression of inflammatory markers associated with myeloid/macrophage, epithelial, stromal and lymphoid cell populations, such as S100A8, S100A9, CXCL8, IL1B, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5. Therefore, the systemic inflammatory associations of periodontal disease were modest, while those of chronic apical periodontitis had significant levels of local inflammatory transcriptional activity and did not indicate distinctive participant-level inflammatory links; however, inflammatory pathways converged.
Management of an endodontically treated tooth is a challenging task. Post and core procedure helps to enhance the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Hence the present study was done to evaluate the fracture resistance of custom made GC Everstick post to prefabricated Tenax fiber post and Angelus Reforpostluted with two different resin cements on endodontically treated teeth. Sixty extracted human mono-radicular teeth were included. They were endodontically treated and standardized to 15mm from the root apex and then decoronated. The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups and each group was further alienated into 2 subgroups. The teeth were randomly selected and treated with an Everstick post, Angelus reforpost, Tenax trans fiber post and were cemented using Maxcem elite and GC Fujicem cement. The core was standardized to 4mm. All the Samples were thermocycled and embedded in the acrylic resin blocks then subjected to compressive load of 1mm/min at 1350 angulation to evaluate the fracture resistance. Thus, we show that the GC Everstick Post showed better fracture resistance when compared to other post irrespective of the resin cement used.Maxcem elite resin cement provided better fracture resistance.
Aim:The study compared the clinical effectiveness of Giomer and Zirconomer in patients with gingival recession (GR) associated with noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs), and evaluated their outcomes when combined with coronally advanced flap (CAF). Materials and Methods:Nine subjects with bilateral Cairo et al. recession type 1 associated with NCCL suggestive of CAF with restorations underwent a split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Eighteen sites were randomly assigned to one of the two groups and restored using Zirconomer (Group A) or Giomer (Group B). CAF was performed after 2 weeks, and patients were followed up at 3 and 6 months. Plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), pocket depth (PD), relative GR (RGR), clinical attachment level (CAL), height of NCCL (NCCL-H), thickness (KTT), and width (KTW) of keratinized tissue and dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) were recorded at baseline, 3, and 6 months postsurgery. Results:Both groups revealed excellent root coverage and CAL gain, although Group A significantly had higher KTW than Group B. After 6 months, the PI, PD, CAL, RGR, and KTW displayed statistically notable variations between the groups. At 6 months, Group A displayed better relief in DH as well as improved RGR and CAL. Conclusion:Both Zirconomer and Giomer, coupled with CAF, achieved sufficient soft-tissue coverage after 6 months. The Zirconomer group, however, had marginally better outcomes in terms of PI, RGR, NCCL-H, KTW, and DH, while Giomer performed better in terms of PD and CAL.
This case report describes a 35-year-old female with a 1-year history of painless swelling in the left parotid region. The swelling, progressively increasing in size, was diagnosed as a pleomorphic adenoma based on clinical and cytological findings. This report provides an overview of the diagnostic evaluation and details the step-by-step surgical management of the patient.
