Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia

The article discusses foreign approaches to reducing the victimization of persons of retirement age (the elderly) before remote fraud. The topic is becoming particularly important due to the fact that older citizens in many countries are increasingly becoming victims of remote fraud, incurring significant material and moral losses. The purpose of the study is to summarize international experience in the prevention of victimization of pensioners and the protection of this age group from criminal attacks. It is concluded that an integrated approach combining prevention, protection and support is necessary to significantly reduce the victimization of the elderly. The results obtained can be used to improve anti-fraud policies for pensioners.

The purpose of research. The article examines the system of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values enshrined in Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 809 dated November 9, 2022 as applied to the professional activities of internal affairs personnel. It outlines the content of these values, demonstrates their normative grounding within a system of interconnected strategic documents, and characterizes how these value-based guidelines manifest in the official duties of internal affairs officers. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between an individual's level of spiritual and moral culture and the quality of their legal consciousness. The purpose of the research is to reveal the axiological and substantive essence of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values as a worldview regulator of official behavior, to reveal the potential of the value core as a means of preventing professional and moral deformation, arbitrariness and corruption; to substantiate the organizational, pedagogical and legal conditions under which declaratively fixed values are transformed into a real regulator of official activity. The article substantiates that traditional values service to the Fatherland, justice, humanism, mercy, the priority of the spiritual over the material act as an internal moral compass that does not replace, but harmonizes and mediates the application of legal norms, filling formal legality with a living moral content. It is shown that reliance on traditional spiritual and moral guidelines is one of the main tools for preventing professional and moral deformation of the personality of an employee of the internal affairs bodies, since it keeps him from turning authority into an end in itself. It is concluded that value education should be considered not as an addition to professional training, but as its system-forming core.

This article is devoted to the study of the domestic market of digital project management systems. The authors identified restraining factors, drivers, and relevant digital products. Since 2022, the domestic market of digital project management systems has been undergoing significant transformations. At the same time, the need of customers to replace the design solutions of foreign vendors, who left the domestic markets in 2022-2024, has provided Russian companies with new opportunities. Russian digital project management systems have begun to be actively developed and used. Key trends in the domestic market of digital project management systems: simplification of the user interface of digital project management systems, practical application of mixed and flexible methodologies for digitalization of project management, a systematic transition to platform solutions that do not require writing listings of program codes, in which the share of manual programming of elements is minimized, awareness of the high importance of communication interactions based on soft skills, focus on sustainable development practices (ESG concepts), expansion of conceptual approaches to project management through digitalization of business processes, practical use of fundamentally new project approaches in the management of strategic projects for digitalization of business segments, innovations, organizational changes, and commercial products. Despite the identified trends, there are factors that hinder the development of the domestic market of digital project management systems: a shortage of competent labor resources (on the side of the project contractor and the customer), macroeconomic uncertainty, largely caused by geopolitical tensions and international sanctions, difficulties in the practical implementation of import substitution projects, especially those related to the migration of information data from international digital systems, which contributes to the suspension of the project. The authors identified relevant products of the domestic market of digital project management systems: the Timetta digital ecosystem, the Project Lad digital project management system, the Directum Projects digital project management and project team development system, and the Digital Q.PM integrated digital system. Their development in the domestic environment is a promising area of activity for project-oriented organizations striving for sustainable development and integration of digital solutions.

This article examines the evolution of international legal decisions on the peaceful settlement of the crisis in Ukraine, beginning in 2014 (the "Euromaidan" and the overthrow of the legitimate President of Ukraine, Viktor Yanukovych), and ending with intensive negotiations in Minsk and Istanbul from February to April 2022, which were unilaterally suspended by Ukraine. The author identifies and analyzes the reasons for the ineffectiveness of the adopted international agreements on conflict resolution in Ukraine, including identifying problematic aspects in the OSCE mediation activities in the Trilateral Contact Group, as well as in peacekeeping within the framework of the Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine. The article focuses on the current situation of the negotiation process in search of peace initiatives to end military actions. In addition, the article presents an analysis of the decision of the International Court of Justice of the United Nations of January 31, 2024, which nullified the discrediting statuses defined by Ukraine in relation to the people of the LPR and DPR as “terrorists and separatists,” which allows us to objectively qualify the status of the conflict in Ukraine through the prism of the principles and norms of international humanitarian law.

The article analyzes the process of evolution of the concept of heresy as a type of religious crime in ancient Russian legislation and in legal practice of the X–XVII centuries. It is stated that the concept of heresy was subject to theological interpretation, and therefore the qualification of this type of crime was the absolute prerogative of the church. There was no concept of heresy in secular legislation, but the commission of certain actions directed against the Orthodox religion and the church (blasphemy, sacrilege) could be regarded as a manifestation of heresy and were subject to criminal prosecution by the secular authorities. In the 17th century, the mere fact of belonging to an unofficial religious teaching was already regarded as a sign of heresy. On this basis, Russian Old Believers and sectarians were persecuted.