No contexto da digitalização do ensino superior, os estudantes precisam processar informações cada vez mais complexas em tempo limitado, o que intensifica o risco de sobrecarga cognitiva. Este estudo conceitual-analítico examina o controle da carga cognitiva como mecanismo pedagógico para regular a memória de trabalho e apoiar a flexibilidade cognitiva de estudantes universitários. A pesquisa baseia-se na Teoria da Carga Cognitiva e em uma síntese da literatura recente sobre didática digital, design instrucional, motivação e formação profissional. A abordagem metodológica é bibliográfica; não foi realizado experimento direto nem aplicada amostra por questionário. A análise diferencia pressupostos teóricos derivados da literatura e a síntese própria das implicações pedagógicas. Os resultados indicam que o controle eficaz da carga cognitiva depende de três ações complementares: ajustar a complexidade das tarefas ao conhecimento prévio, reduzir informações irrelevantes e ativar a construção significativa de esquemas por meio de tarefas multimodais e profissionalmente orientadas.
Abstract—The importance of this work is determined by the fact that hydrogenic deposits are developed using combined technologies, and criteria for combining these technologies have not been sufficiently developed. The aim is to select the optimal method for developing the deposit taking into account the characteristics of the uranium ores that make it up. We study the Semizbay sandstone-type deposit located within loose sedimentary rocks and covering an area of 36 km in length and 10 km in width. Methods: analysis of the theory and practice of deposit development, establishing dependences between operational indicators, simulation, methods of mathematical statistics, technical and economic calculations, and testing of certain propositions. Results. A characterization of the systems for developing hydrogenic deposits is provided, justifying the necessity of combining metal extraction technologies through leaching with traditional technologies under the conditions of the deposit. Alternative leaching technologies using interacting wells and heap leaching of metals are detailed. The mechanism and differences in the conditions for uranium leaching in a flowing massif and in heaps are clarified. A comparative analysis of alternative development options for the deposit is performed, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Leaching parameters are found to depend on the rate and efficiency of uncovering new reaction areas with different mechanisms for extracting uranium from mineral particles. The effectiveness of developing hydrogenic deposits is shown to increase by combining the processes of borehole hydraulic ore mining of ores and heap leaching of metals. A model for the sequence of decision-making with an arbitrary information source based on the criterion of discounted profit from extraction is proposed. Conclusions. The results of the study may be in demand during the reassessment of reserves, modernization of development systems, and optimization of methods for managing the quality of mining production. The recommended methods for controlling the combined development of hydrogenic deposits facilitate completeness of subsoil resource utilization.
Objective . The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities of optimizing the layout of construction facilities using modern computer technologies and algorithms, such as generative design. Method . Research methods include generative design and machine learning algorithms. Result. The results of the development of a methodology for optimizing the layout of construction facilities, which can be applied in the practical activities of architects and engineers, are presented. The principles of information modeling help to increase the speed of project work without compromising its quality. This helps to prevent a lot of errors at the design stage, which in turn reduces the likelihood of problems during the construction phase of the facility. Conclusion . The complexity of the layout optimization task increases with the increasing complexity of the project and the variety of requirements that the facilities must meet. Using the Dynamo Studio development environment will allow you to create an effective software module for generating the layout of construction objects in space.
В статье произведена оценка влияния высших гармонических составляющих напряжения на работу силовых трансформаторов в системе электроснабжения промышленных предприятий. Протекание токов высших гармоник по обмоткам трансформатора вызывает добавочные потери активной мощности в нем, что может приводить к нарушению теплового режима трансформатора. Оценку влияния высших гармоник на работу трансформатора можно провести путем сравнения потерь активной мощности и далее теплового режима в нем при несинусоидальном и синусоидальном напряжении. Выполнен электромагнитный расчет трансформатора и на основе рассчитанных конструктивных параметров определены зависимости превышения температуры в разных элементах трансформатора для двух указанных выше режимов его работы в функции от коэффициента нагрузки. Из анализа зависимости превышения температуры в обмотке низшего напряжения трансформатора в функции коэффициента загрузки видно, что превышение значения коэффициента нагрузки трансформатора сверх допустимого приводит к превышению температуры обмоток относительно величин, определенных нормативными данными. The article assesses the influence of higher harmonic components of voltage on the operation of power transformers in the power supply system of industrial enterprises. The flow of higher harmonic currents through the windings of the transformer causes additional losses of active power in it, which can lead to disruption of the thermal conditions of the transformer. The influence of higher harmonics on the operation of a transformer can be assessed by comparing active power losses and then the thermal regime in it at non-sinusoidal and sinusoidal voltages. An electromagnetic calculation of the transformer was performed and, based on the calculated design parameters, the dependences of the temperature rise in different elements of the transformer were determined for the two above-mentioned operating modes as a function of the load factor. From the analysis of the dependence of the temperature rise in the low-voltage winding of the transformer as a function of the load factor, it can be seen that exceeding the transformer load factor value above the permissible value leads to an increase in the temperature of the windings relative to the values determined by the standard data.
Effective use of the digital educational environment presupposes the competence of employees of an organization engaged in educational activities in solving professional tasks using information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as the availability of support services for the use of new technologies. Providing support for the use of ICT is the function of the founder of an organization engaged in educational activities. It is important to know about the design process of the educational course itself: its content, purpose and objectives, methods, techniques and tools used – all this requires special attention. The article examines the issue of implementing pedagogical design in the practice of teaching Russian as a foreign language (RFL). The use of computer teaching tools (in this particular case, the creation of the online platform RKI-DIS at the Kalmyk State University named after B.B. Gorodovikov) is considered as an effective source for optimizing classes in RFL. The author proves the relevance of this work and also describes the process of creating a digital product in accordance with pedagogical design procedures. The article proposes to consider the basic requirements for digital educational products, pedagogical design, as well as the basic rules of UX design when creating a digital educational product for foreign students. These developments can be used not only in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language, but also in any university department, as well as in schools. In Russia, the process of developing digital pedagogy is just beginning, so this article is relevant and undoubtedly novel.
