Abstract Willingness to Pay (WTP) for marine species conservation, specifically for the Terubuk fish ( Tenualosa macrura ), is a crucial factor in developing market-based protection strategies and promoting sustainable marine ecosystems. Several factors influence individual decisions regarding how much they are willing to contribute. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the potential payment for the conservation of Terubuk fish and to identify the WTP amount that reflects the factors influencing stakeholder preferences. The research was conducted in the Terubuk Fisheries Sanctuary (SPT) in Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province, using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to assess the WTP of local communities and fishermen for supporting the protection of Terubuk fish. The findings indicate that most respondents are willing to pay for the conservation of Terubuk fish, though their decisions are affected by several variables. The average WTP for Terubuk conservation is IDR 30,333.00 per respondent, with the total willingness to pay for the sanctuary’s management estimated at IDR. 60,424,000.00. Moreover, the likelihood that respondents indicate a willingness to pay is significantly linked to their awareness of the benefits of Terubuk fish and their income levels. These results suggest that enhancing literacy about marine ecosystems (especially concerning Terubuk fish) through a stakeholder-based differentiated payment scheme can effectively strengthen the protection of Terubuk fish sustainably.
Ranking and remediating hazardous road sections remains a persistent challenge for developing-country corridors that combine high mixed-traffic volume with limited engineering countermeasures. This paper presents an integrated framework that couples statistical learning with augmented reality (AR) to evaluate traffic accident blackspots along the Soekarno–Hatta Bypass in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia, a 12 km arterial corridor linking the city’s port and industrial districts. Three years (2021–2023) of police-recorded crash data were segmented into 100 m homogeneous sections and scored using the Empirical Bayes (EB) method combined with a Weighted Severity Index (WSI); spatial concentration was cross-validated with kernel density estimation (KDE) and K-means clustering. Ten segments were statistically confirmed as blackspots (WSI ≥ 7.0, p < 0.05), concentrated near at-grade intersections and horizontal curves between KM 3 and KM 10. An AR mobile prototype was then authored to overlay 3D hazard markers, sightline warnings, and risk-heat indicators onto the identified segments and field-tested with 42 participants. Relative to conventional static signage, the AR condition reduced mean hazard-recognition time from 4.8 s to 2.9 s, increased correct hazard localization from 61% to 88%, and raised System Usability Scale scores from 58.2 to 81.6. The results demonstrate that combining statistically validated blackspot ranking with AR-based hazard communication offers a practical, low-cost decision-support pathway for road safety authorities in resource-constrained urban corridors.
This study examines the dynamics of legal pluralism and the transformation of Islamic inheritance law within the indigenous Sasak community of Indonesia. Its primary objective is to explore how the deeply entrenched patrilineal tradition, which privileges sons in the transmission of land and core family assets, interacts with the proportional distribution mandated by Islamic inheritance law (farā’iḍ), a system that explicitly recognizes the rights of female heirs. Employing a qualitative approach rooted in socio-legal empiricism, the research draws on in-depth interviews with customary leaders, Sasak community members, and scholars of Islamic jurisprudence, complemented by documentary analysis of national legal instruments and classical fiqh literature. Findings reveal that, although patrilineal practice remains predominant, a discernible shift in values is underway toward greater adherence to Islamic inheritance principles, particularly among younger generations and families with higher educational attainment. Socio-economic change, modernization, and growing awareness of gender justice have collectively fuelled this transformation, even as resistance persists among traditional elders who regard patrilineal inheritance as an indispensable marker of cultural identity. The study concludes that these developments exemplify the inherent dynamism of Islamic law through processes of renewal (tajdīd) and selective adaptation (takhayyur). Achieving a just, gender-inclusive inheritance system with broad social legitimacy in the Indonesian context ultimately requires thoughtful harmonization among Islamic inheritance norms, local customary traditions, and the national legal framework.
This study examined the implementation of problem-solving-based learning in mathematics education within schools in Victoria, Australia. It aimed to evaluate its effectiveness in enhancing students' critical, logical, and creative thinking skills while identifying challenges in integrating this approach into the curriculum. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, involving literature review, classroom observations, and informal interviews with teachers and students. Data collection focused on exploring instructional practices and their alignment with curriculum objectives. Results indicated that problem-solving activities fostered conceptual understanding and practical application of mathematics in real-life scenarios. Examples, such as measuring distances using average steps and solving optimization problems, demonstrated increased student engagement and comprehension of mathematical concepts. However, challenges included teachers' limited understanding of problem-solving strategies, insufficient resources, and language barriers in interpreting real-world problems. Despite these obstacles, integrating structured activities and diverse instructional strategies proved to be a promising method for improving mathematical learning outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of aligning pedagogical practices with curriculum goals to enhance mathematics education.
Dangke is a traditional food from Enrekang, South Sulawesi, and in the West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) region, dangke is also produced from local food which is wild horse milk. This study aimed to identify and characterize the microbiological profile of dangke of NTB to assess its potential as an indigenous probiotic candidate. The research used an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), considering the area of sample origin as the factor with Tukey's post-hoc test was applied at a 5% significance level. Multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted using XLSTAT to map the microbiological characteristics. The results showed that sampling areas significantly affected microbiological properties such as total lactic acid bacteria (LAB), growth tolerance to bile salt, NaCl, and pH 2.5, as well as antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. PCA revealed that dangke from Bima and Sumbawa had similar characteristics, which differed from those of Lombok and Dompu. These findings indicated that LAB from wild horse milk dangke had potential as indigenous probiotic candidates. In conclusion, this study identified and mapped the regional differences in dangke characteristics and highlighted their probiotic potential.
