根据国家科学技术部1988年颁布的《实验动物管理条例》和卫生部1998年颁布的《医学实验动物管理实施细则》,《中国运动医学杂志》对论文中有关实验动物的描述,要求写清楚以下事项:①品种、品系及亚系的确切名称;②遗传背景或其来源;③微生物检测状况;④性别、年龄、体重;⑤质量等级及合格证书编号;⑥饲养环境和实验环境;⑦健康状况;⑧对实验动物的处理方式.
Objective Although Bacillus subtilis has been widely used,it is difficult or expensive to transform different plasmids,which limits its application. In this study,the effects of different combinations of additives such as sorbitol,mannitol,and polyethylene glycol on the electroporation efficiency and stability of Bacillus subtilis were observed in growth medium,shock buffer,and recovery medium. Methods The shuttle plasmid PHT254 was used to electro-transform Bacillus subtilis WB800N,and the effects of growth medium,buffer and resuscitation medium on the electroporation efficiency were studied. Results The electroporation efficiency of hypertonic systems under the same electric field pressure was significantly improved and the stability was better than that of conventional systems. In the same electric field pressure and hypertonic system,the conversion efficiency of buffer using polyethylene glycol PEG6000 was six times higher than that of sorbitol or trehalose. Conclusion High osmolarity improved the stability of the electroporation and higher efficiency can be achieved by using peg PEG6000 as buffer.
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of jatrorrhizine on inflammatory pain induced by Fsl-1 in mice. Methods 18 male C57BL/6 mice aged 8-12 weeks were selected as the study subjects,the mice were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group（Con group）,pain model group（Fsl-1 group）and jatrorrhizine treatment group（Jat group）. To induce inflammatory pain model,the mice were injected 20 ng Fsl-1 subcutaneously on the left hind paw. Mice in the Jat group were continuously injected intraperitoneally with jatrorrhizine（1.00 mg/ml）for 21 days,and mice in the Con and Fsl-1 group were injected intraperitoneally with saline lasted for21 days. At day 21st,we injected 20 μl Fsl-1 subcutaneously into the left foot of mice in Fsl-1 and Jat group,and the mice in Con group were injected an equal volume of saline,at last the thresholds of heat pain was evaluated by Hargreaves test at 2,4,6 hours,respectively. Results The thermal pain thresholds induced by Fsl-1 in mice at2,4,6 hours were（2.60±0.23）s,（2.30±0.26）s and（2.85±0.32）s,respectively,Compared with the control group[（6.13±0.31）s and（4.93±0.28）s and（6.08±0.42）s,respectively],the thermal pain thresholds significantly decreased in the Fsl-1 group（P＜0.05）;Compared with Fsl-1 group,there was no significant change in the threshold of heat pain at 2,4 and 6 hours in the jatrorrhizine treatment group（P＞0.05）. Conclusion The results preliminarily shows that jatrorrhizine doesn’t relive Fsl-1 induced inflammatory pain in mice.
Objective Severe asthma has imposed a heavy burden on patients and medical resources. Identifying its biomarkers and pathogenesis is urgently needed to provide clues for the effective treatment and management of severe asthma. Methods The microRNA array was used to detect differentially expressed microRNAs in the serum of patients with moderate-severe asthma compared to patients with mild asthma. Target genes of microRNAs were predicted by miRanda,TargetScan,RNAhybrid and miRTarbase databases. The functional annotation of target genes of microRNAs was analyzed by GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG Pathway enrichment analysis.The expression of microRNAs in lung of mice with chronic asthma was detected by qRT-PCR. Results Compared to patients with mild asthma,miR-4465,miR-6798-5p and miR-762 etc were up-regulated in the serum of patients with moderate-severe asthma,while miR-26a-5p,miR-377-3p and miR-410-3p etc were down-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis results show that the target genes involved in the regulation of chronic inflammatory response,lipid absorption,storage,catabolic process and cell proliferation-related pathway including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway,Wnt signalling pathway and TOR complex are enriched in moderate-severe asthma. In addition,chronic asthma mice represent pathological phenotypes similar to severe asthma patients,such as inflammation and airway remodeling.miR-377-3p and miR-410-3p were also significantly down-regulated in lung tissue of mice with chronic asthma. Conclusions The differentially expressed microRNAs in the serum of patients may be used as non-invasive biomarkers to distinguish moderate-severe asthma from mild asthma patients. Our findings also provide possible molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammation and airway remodeling. These findings may provide knowledge for the effective treatment and management of severe asthma.
Objective To explore the morphometry of the hiatus semilunaris（HS）in the middle meatus. Methods Lateral nasal wall of 50 adults were included in this study. The anterior width（AW）,middle width（MW）,posterior width（PW）and length of the middle meatus were measured using a venier caliper. Angles（α）between the long axis of vertical portion and horizontal portion of the HS were examined with a protractor. Results（1）There were no statistic differences in the AW（P=0.875）,MW（P=0.703）,PW（P=0.268）and the length（P=0.675）of the middle meatus between the two sides in man. The difference was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）.（2）The AW,MW and PW of the middle meatus were（4.53±2.27）mm,（4.39±1.64）mm and（5.69±1.67）mm,respectively. PW was longer than AW and MW（P=0.001,F=7.196）.（3） The HS occurred in five types:lunar shape in 16 cases,with α between 100°-160°；U shape in 11 cases with the posterior part of the middle meatus ascending;J shape in 8 cases,and the horizontal portion was obviously shorter than the vertical portion;Linear shape in 14 cases with α＞160°；L shape in 1 case with α between 80°-100°. Conclusion The morphological types of the HS is a supplement to previous studies. The endoscopic approach should be selected according to the anatomical characteristics of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. Knowing the distinct types of the hiatus semilunaris allows the differences of normal variation versus pathologic conditions.
Objective To prepare a novel PET nanoprobe based on Chelator-Free 68 Ga labeling of mesoporous silica nanoparticles（MSNs）and evaluate their characterization,biosafety,radiochemical properties,in vivo biodistribution,and breast cancer targeted PET imaging.Methods MSNs were synthesized with the template method.Characterization and biosafety analysis were performed to clarify the good biosafety of MSNs.Chelator-free labeling method was applied to prepare the novel PET nanoprobe 68 Ga-MSNs.Moreover,the radiochemical properties,the distribution of the probe in KM mice,and its targeted PET imaging performance on breast cancer tumor-bearing mice were also evaluated.Results MSNs had uniformly dispersed and excellent morphology with an average diameter of85.03 nm.Biosafety analysis revealed that MSNs had no significant effect on cell proliferation at a concentration of100μg/mL,confirming good biosafety of MSNs.The labeling rate of 68 Ga-MSNs was greater than 95%.Radiochemical analysis showed that the radiochemical purity of 68 Ga-MSNs was greater than 98%after purification and it had high labeling stability in vitro.The biodistribution of 68 Ga-MSNs in KM mice demonstrated that the probe was mainly distributed in liver,spleen,and lung.PET imaging performed in the breast cancer MCF-7 tumor-bearing mouse model showed that the uptake of 68 Ga-MSNs in tumor sites was significantly enriched,indicating favorable breast cancer targeted PET imaging performance in vivo.Conclusions The successfully prepared molecular probe 68 Ga-MSNs via Chelator-Free labeling method performs well in its characterization,biosafety,and radiochemical properties,showcasing the potential for targeted PET imaging of breast cancer.The study provides a new drug platform for targeted diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.
肾脏肿瘤中肾细胞癌约占85％,其发病率逐年提高.内质网是蛋白质合成、折叠和分泌的主要场所.当细胞内蛋白质被错误合成和(或)折叠时,蛋白质会异常地聚集在内质网中引起内质网应激(ERS),同时通过激活IRE1α-XBP、IRE1α-XBP和PERK-eIF2α-ATF4等信号通路去缓解ERS.一些研究提示ERS以及经典ERS信号通路参与了肾癌的凋亡、自噬以及化疗敏感性等过程.本文主要对ERS在肾癌中所起的作用以及相关通路进行综述,并探究其在未来肾癌治疗中的重要性.
张查理,名字虽带几分洋人韵,却是地道的中国人,是我国著名的医学教育家、外科学家和临床应用解剖学家.当今解剖学工作者对张查理教授的认知,大多是来自柏树令教授主编《系统解剖学》绪论中的简短记述:"……张查理编写了《解剖学实习指导》(1938年)……"[1].而笔者对张查理教授有更深印象,一则因为张查理教授是本人导师何光篪教授的两位重要解剖学导师之一(另一位是加拿大多伦多大学医学院解剖学教授格兰特Grant),何教授对我和张绍祥等研究生时常提及自己的两位导师,因而记忆犹新;二是因笔者之闲暇喜欢研学解剖学科史,而翻阅了张查理教授其人其事的相关资料、考察了铭记张查理事迹的史料纪念馆——沈阳九一八历史博物馆.
Objective To explore the effect of glutamate on the secretion of CSPG by A1 reactive astrocytes and whether glutamate stimulate the secretion of CSPG by reactive astrocytes. Methods Primary astrocytes were cultured and induced into A1 reactive astrocytes. The concentration gradient glutamate was used to treat A1 reactive astrocytes for 72 h,and the toxic effect of glutamate on the reactive astrocytes with increasing concentration was detected by MTT assay（represented by proliferation inhibition rate）. The content of CSPGs in the supernatant of A1 reactive astrocytes was determined by ELISA assay after different concentrations of glutamate and glutamate antagonists were treated for 72 h. Results（1）The positive rate of GFAP in primary cultured astrocytes was more than 98%.（2）Primary cultured astrocytes could be induced to be C3 positive A1 reactive astrocytes after induction.（3）The cytotoxicity of glutamate to A1 reactive astrocytes increased with the increase of glutamate concentration；（4）The content of CSPGs in the supernatant of A1-reactive astrocytes increased in a dose-dependent manner after 72 h treatment with different concentrations of glutamate,and this effect could be offset by glutamate receptor antagonists. Conclusion Excessive glutamate on A1 reactive astrocytes could stimulate the secretion of CSPGs,and glutamate receptor blockers can antagonize the stimulation of glutamate on A1 reactive astrocytes.
目的 探讨传统教学、基于病例的学习(CBL)及微信辅助教学对神经内科实习医生定位诊断临床思维的影响,寻找最适合的临床教学方式.方法 对2017年1月至2018年2月期间在我科进行轮转的实习医师按随机分组方式进行传统教学、CBL及微信辅助教学不同顺序组合的床边教学培训,并在培训结束后进行问卷调查及访谈了解不同教学方法在神经系统疾病定位诊断思维、技能、对神经病学的态度三方面对受训者的影响.结果 纳入实习生37名,共回收有效问卷33份;教师12名,有效问卷12份.除在促进体格检查技能领域外(P=0.145),利用CBL进行教学在神经解剖定位诊断思维、教学安排、激发兴趣及帮助应试的领域中的得分均显著高于微信辅助教学和传统教学,各组之间的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 相对于传统教学和微信辅助教学,CBL学习模式更能实习医师掌握神经内科的定位诊断思维,激发对神经科学的兴趣.
Objective To investigate the effects of circ＿0000376 on the migration,invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer cell line SW480 and its molecular mechanism. Methods Thirty colon cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were selected. SW480 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into si-NC group,si-circ＿0000376group,miR-NC group,miR-876-3p group,si-circ＿0000376+anti-miR-NC group,si-circ＿0000376+anti-miR-876-3p group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of circ＿0000376 and miR-876-3p. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression of related proteins. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the targeting relationship between circ＿0000376 and miR-876-3p. Results Compared with adjacent tissues,the expression of circ＿0000376 and miR-876-3p in colon cancer tissues were increased and decreased,respectively（P＜0.05）. Silencing circ＿0000376 or overexpressing miR-876-3p reduced the migration and invasion number of SW480 cells and the protein levels of MMP-2,MMP-9 and Bcl-2,and increased the apoptosis rate and Bax protein levels（P＜0.05）. circ＿0000376 targeted regulation of miR-876-3p expression（P＜0.05）,and down-regulated miR-876-3p reversed the effects of circ＿0000376 silencing on migration,invasion and apoptosis of SW480 cells（P＜0.05）. Conclusion Silencing circ＿0000376 can inhibit the migration and invasion of SW480 cells and promote apoptosis through targeted up-regulation of miR-876-3p.
目的 建立基于云班课的组织学与胚胎学(简称"组胚")教学评价体系,并研究其应用效果.方法 利用云班课建立组胚教学评价体系,选择2018级至2020级各级同时开设组胚课的针灸推拿学专业的两个教学班分别作为对照班和实验班,对照班采用传统教学评价方式,实验班采用基于云班课的组胚教学评价体系,结课时比较各年级两班的理论考试成绩,并通过问卷调查该评价体系对实验班组胚教学效果的影响.结果 各级实验班组胚理论考试成绩均高于对照班(P＜0.05),问卷结果显示该评价体系提高了学生对组胚知识的掌握情况和多方面的学习能力.结论 基于云班课的组胚教学评价体系与各阶段教学需求相适应,有利于人才培养和组胚教学水平提升,为数据驱动的精准化组胚教学提供有力保障.
在对1具老年男性标本的解剖过程中,发现其左侧胫后动脉及足背动脉存在变异.经查阅相关文献,尚未有类似报道,为进一步丰富变异数据库,报道如下.该标本为老年男性,身长约170 cm,形体偏廋,外观发育未见明显畸形.在解剖左侧小腿区时发现,左侧胫后动脉(图1):自左侧腘动脉(直径约6.0 mm)于腘肌下缘处分出胫前动脉(直径4.0 mm),向前穿入小腿前区,营养邻近肌肉.
STEAM教育作为一种人才培养模式,以学习者为中心,注重实践学习和交流,学习内容具有跨学科整合特点,目标是提高人的创新素养,STEAM教育顺应了当前我国对创新人才培养的需求;随着数字信息技术的发展,我国高等教育已进入信息化教学时代,智慧课堂正逐渐走进高职教育教学中.目的为弥补现行人体解剖学课堂教学模式的不足,探讨基于STEAM教学理念的高职人体解剖学智慧课堂的构建及实施策略.方法 分别随机选取我院2021、2022级三年制高职护理专业的16个平行班级的学生作为研究对象,分别通过两个学期的教学实践,综合评价学习结果.结果 2021级教改实验4个班和对照4个班成绩分别为(79.45±13.17)分和(69.24±11.24)分(x2=6.331,P=0.012,P＜0.05,优比检验,U=-2.611＜-U0.95=-1.645,试验班中及格的人数比例显著高于对照组;2022级教改实验的4个班和对照的4个班x2=4.186,P=0.041,P＜0.05,试验组和对照组学生成绩差异有统计学意义,U=-2.170e-U0.95=-1.645,试验班及格的人数比例显著高于对照组,2021、2022级试验班的学生成绩和及格的人数比例等指标均优于对照组.结论 开展基于STEAM教学理念的高职人体解剖学智慧课堂教学增强了学生学习人体解剖学效率,提高学生的自主学习能力、实践操作能力、创新能力,对当下人体解剖学教学具有借鉴和应用价值.
Objective To explore the expression of PTBP3 and STAT3 in gastric carcinoma And their relationship with clinicopathological features. Methods The expression of PTBP3 and STAT3 was detected in 100 gastric carcinoma and adjacent non-tumorous tissues by the immunohistochemical staining,to view the relationship between two protein expression and clinicopathological features,compare the prognosis of the patients between the different expression groups. Results PTBP3 and STAT3 expression in gastric carcinoma（72%,63%,respectively）were significantly higher than adjacent non-tumorous tissues（23%,19%,respectively）（P＜0.05）. The expression of PTBP3 and STAT3 significantly correlated with tumor size,depth of tumor invasion,grade of cell differentiation and Lymph node metastasis（P＜0.05）. The expression of PTBP3 and STAT3 were positively correlated in gastric cancer（r=0.306,P ＜0.05）. The survival rate was higher in the two protein negative expression group than that in the positive group（P＜0.05）. Conclusion PTBP3 and STAT3 expression significantly correlated with the clinical pathophysiological characteristics in gastric carcinoma. The prognosis of patients in both protein negative expression groups was significantly better than that in the positive expression group. Detection of PTBP3 and STAT3 may be valuable for diagnosing gastric carcinoma and evaluating malignancy extent and prognosis.
Objective Based on the regulation of microRNAs on Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury,the recent experimental research progress was reviewed. Methods Related literatures were retrieved from CNKI,Wan fang,PubMed and Web of Science databases until May 2022,and microRNAs were reviewed as well as their effects and progress on early inflammation,dedifferentiation,proliferation and migration of Schwann cells and myelin sheath reformation after peripheral nerve injury. Results The key to nerve regeneration and recovery after peripheral nerve injury lies in the establishment and maintenance of the external local microenvironment and the reactivation of the endogenous neuronal program. In recent years,more and more studies have explored the regulatory role of microRNAs in nerve injury and regeneration. At present,most studies focus on its effect on Waller degeneration and Schwann cell behavior in the early stage of nerve regeneration. Some microRNAs exhibit specific temporal expression profiles on nerve injury,which are closely related to subsequent stages of nerve regeneration,such as dedifferentiation,proliferation and migration of Schwann cells,uptake of fragments,axon growth,and remyelination of regenerated axons. Conclusion microRNAs are involved in key processes such as early inflammation of nerve regeneration and proliferation,migration,and myelination of Schwann cells. Individual microRNAs provide novel therapeutic targets for peripheral nerve injury by regulating the expression of cytokines involved in key activities of nerve regeneration.
Objective To explore the effect of resveratrol on intestinal injury in rats with rectal cancer radiotherapy and its mechanism. Methods All 18 healthy rats were selected to establish rectal cancer model. After establishment,all patients were divided into control group and resveratrol group,with 9 patients in each group. The control group was given placebo,the resveratrol group was given resveratrol 20 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ,and both groups were given a single dose of 5 Gy radiotherapy. After 3 weeks of continuous intervention,the expression levels of oxidative stress（ROS）markers and inflammatory factor mediators were compared between the two groups. The intestinal histopathological changes of rats in two groups were observed,and the apoptosis of intestinal villus and crypt cells in two groups was observed by TUNEL staining. The expressions of PI3K,AKT and mTOR were detected by Western blot. Results The MDA level of the resveratrol group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the HSH and CAT levels were significantly higher than those of the control group,with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. The levels of TNF-α,NF-κB and IL-1β in the resveratrol group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. The apoptosis rate of villus and crypt cells in the resveratrol group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. The relative protein expressions of PI3K,Akt and mTOR in the resveratrol group were significantly lower than those in the control group,with statistical significance（P＜0.05）. Histopathological examination showed that part of the intestinal mucosa in the control group was necrotic at villus tip,infiltration of leukocyte inflammatory cells in lamina propria,disorganized villi in height and width,shortening and atrophy,hyperplasia and hyperactive goblets appeared in part of the villi,and intestinal damage was observed. In the resveratrol group,intestinal damage was relieved and intestinal tissue structure was improved. Conclusion Resveratrol has potential therapeutic value in improving ROS production and inflammation induced by radiotherapy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway,alleviating intestinal inflammation and reducing intestinal villus and crypt cell apoptosis in rats treated with radiotherapy. Resveratrol may be a promising adjuvant to radiotherapy to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety by reducing intestinal complications after radiotherap.
目的 探讨结肠未分化癌(UC)的临床解剖病理学特征.方法 回顾性分析华侨大学附属厦门长庚医院2020-2021年确诊的2例结肠未分化癌的临床解剖病理学特征及免疫表型等,并复习相关文献.结果 2例患者均为男性,病例1和2分别为27岁和69岁.临床症状均为腹痛腹胀明显伴症状加重来诊,CT均显示肿物伴有肠梗阻.肿物分别位于右半结肠及横结肠,肉眼观均为浸润溃疡型,界不清,最大径6.6～7.5 cm.镜下肿瘤形态均复杂多样,呈梁索状、实性巢团状、弥漫片状,瘤细胞呈梭形、圆形、多核单核瘤巨细胞样,核仁明显,见坏死及较多核分裂像,腺样结构不明显.免疫表型:肿瘤细胞CKp、CDX2阳性,P53部分阳性,CD 117、Dog-1 小灶阳性,Vimentin、CD45、MyoD1、CD56、CgA、Syn、CK20、P40、AFP 阴性,Ki-67 为85％-90％阳性.病例1:MLH1阳性,PMS2阳性,MSH2阳性,MSH6阳性,提示错配修复蛋白完整(PMMR),微卫星稳定型(MSS)或低水平微卫星不稳定型(MSI-L);病例2:MLH1阴性,PMS2阴性,MSH2阳性,MSH6阳性,提示错配修复蛋白缺失(dMMR),高水平微卫星不稳定型(MSI-H).结论 结肠未分化癌较少见,其病理组织学形态复杂多样,属于排除性诊断,尤其在肠镜活检或穿刺小标本中,极易发生漏诊和误诊,以至于对病人的后续治疗用药及预后发生巨大影响.为避免以上情况,临床病理诊断中需结合免疫组化检查排除腺癌、鳞癌、神经内分泌癌、淋巴瘤、恶性间皮瘤及间质瘤等,必要时需进一步加做基因检测,做到精准诊断.
