This article conducts a comprehensive discussion on the composition,evolution characteristics and dynamic changes of policy combinations of China's rare earth supply security policy and analyzes the mechanism of action of the policy.Eeconometric models(Organization Logistic Specific Access,Syn-thetic Control Method,Difference-in-Difference,Difference-in-Difference-in-Difference)is used to eval-uate the implementation effects of China's rare earth industry policy,export trade control policy,and resource tax policy.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The implementation of rare earth industry poli-cies has basically suppressed the overcapacity situation of rare earth;(2)Rare earth export trade control policies inhibit rare earth exports while promote export earnings;(3)The resource tax ad valorem re-form has a positive and significant impact on rare earth export prices,and the impact on upstream prod-ucts is more obvious;(4)Compared with the single implementation of resource tax policy,the com-bined implementation effect of total mining volume control policy and resource tax is not obvious.It is recommended to further improve rare earth supply security capabilities by expanding overseas mining rights and optimizing layout technology research and development.
Digital transformation can improve the operational efficiency and financial performance of en-terprises,but the mechanism of its effect on corporate sustainable development remains to be ex-plored.Using a double fixed-effects model and data from listed companies,this paper finds that digital transformation can significantly improve the level of corporate environmental,social and govern-ance.This finding still holds after a series of robustness and endogeneity tests.Mechanistic tests show that digital transformation contributes to ESG performance by promoting green innovation,internal in-formation transparency and investor attention.However,the effectiveness of digital transformation is affected by the level of economic development of the region in which the firm is located,the degree of marketization and its own pollution,the level of science and technology strength,the management's green perception and green experience.The results of the study expand the application value of enterprise digital transformation,provide solution ideas for enterprise sustainable development.
Green credit policy is an important practical means to achieve the dual goals of optimal alloca-tion of resources and green development.Taking the Guidance on Building a Green Financial System is-sued in 2016 as a quasi-natural experiment of green credit policy,this paper takes A-share listed compa-nies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2020 as samples,and uses the double difference model and triple difference model to prove the differential impact of green credit policy on enterprise total factor productivity.The results show that the implementation of green credit policy has a negative impact on the total factor productivity of high pollution,high energy consumption and overcapacity enterpri-ses.Mechanism analysis shows that green credit policy inhibits the productivity level of the above men-tioned enterprises through factor substitution effect,credit constraint effect and differentiated choice of green technology innovation mode.Heterogeneity analysis shows that state-owned enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises are more affected by the negative impact of the policy than private enterpri-ses and large enterprises,and the green credit policy has a greater negative impact on enterprises with low productivity.
Under the empowerment of mobile space,capital power has infiltrated people's daily lives,creating a new type of control method called"time hunt",which covertly manipulates the legalization of people's leisure time.In this regard,rethinking the relationship between time and space should become an important task for contemporary academia.Based on the discussion of the relationship between time,space,and power,a study was conducted on the"read"devices in the Ding Talk work group.It was found that under the spatial changes of recombination,alienation,and confinement,"read"serves as a real-time monitoring device,countdown button,and temporary station,assisting capital in implemen-ting three hunting techniques:covert domestication,reverse timing,and transfer exploitation;Fur-thermore,people's self time will fall into a pathological state of degradation,acceleration,and stran-ding.Finally,comparison of social groups like WeChat and QQ further indicated that with the support of"read",capital time hunt has advanced from version 1.0 to version 2.0.
At present,China's carbon market has been fully launched,but the main trading entities are key emission enterprises.Personal carbon trading has a good foundation for implementation in Chi-na.Under the cap and trade principle,personal carbon trading could promote the optimal allocation of carbon market resources,stimulate market vitality,and boost China to prove the commitment of na-tional determined contributions(NDCs).Practice has proved that individuals could accumulate tradable carbon emissions through carbon sinks.Carbon emission right has the attribute of both public and private rights.Through the perspective of the genealogy of property rights,its quasi-property right attribute is gradually clear,and the attributes of its environmental rights and development rights imply that individ-uals and communities could all serve as rights subjects.The drawbacks of the relevant systems under the framework of UNFCCC are gradually exposed.In order to integrate the international carbon market and adapt to the development of the domestic carbon market,China should enact supporting laws as soon as possible.
Stabilizing land prices is of great significance to the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.Based on the theory of supply and demand,this paper constructs an analytical framework for the centralized land supply policy affecting land premiums,arguing that under the background of fi-nancing constraints,the centralized land supply policy affects the bidding decisions of real estate firms and that the policy reduces the premium level of land through two channels:the anticipation and diver-sion effects.The inference is tested with the sample of 17 206 land parcels in 36 cities in 2020-2022.The results show that after the implementation of the centralized land supply policy,the relative premium rate of a single land parcel is reduced by 6.702％,and the absolute premium is reduced by 34 million.Meanwhile,the channels through which the policy works are verified through adaptive and ra-tional expectations,cooperative land acquisition,and land acquisition by state-owned enterprises,re-spectively.Meanwhile,the implementation effect of the centralized land supply policy is heterogeneous,with plots in eastern cities,plots in first-tier and new first-tier cities,and plots in the central urban are-a experiencing a greater reduction than those in other regions.
Whether green development is inclusive is crucial to narrow the income gap between regions and achieve common prosperity.Effective use of the opportunity of financial system reform to enhance inclusive green development has become a key link to promote high-quality development in the new e-ra.This paper studies the impact of digital inclusive finance on the promotion of inclusive green develop-ment from the perspectives of financial integration and technological innovation.The results show that digital inclusive finance improves the level of inclusive green development in the region;and this effect is more significant in areas with high level of digital inclusive finance and after"Yu'e Bao opened in 2013"and"Digital finance first appeared in government work report in 2014".Mechanism analysis shows that digital inclusive finance can achieve inclusive green development by alleviating the bias effect of fi-nancing constraints and stimulating the two-way effect of technological innovation.Further analysis shows that the effect of digital inclusive finance on inclusive green development is dynamic with the change of regional enterprise characteristics and group characteristics.The result of the study shows that financial system reform can achieve the goal of"win-win"between green development and poverty reduc-tion.The study not only extends the scope of the study of green development theory and income gap the-ory,but also provides useful thought for the cognition and realization path of high-quality development.
Refusal to correct is a key component of daily penalty,but its identification standard has not been unified in practice.Compared with the objective result standard,the combination of subjective and objective standard has the advantages of limited scope,fineness and flexibility,balance of interests and equal excessive punishment.According to the textual interpretation,the"refusal"has strong subjective meaning,while the"no correction"carries objective content,the two permeating each other.The con-crete application of the criterion of combining subjective and objective refusal to correct can be expanded from two aspects:on the one hand,through the integration of behavior and result,subjective and ob-jective,the positive identification criteria of refusal to correct in a hierarchical recognition system is es-tablished;On the other hand,distinguishing the polluter,the administrative organ and the judicial organ's determination of the untenable refusal to correct can strengthen the reverse exclusion rule.
Different from the general definition of the disconnection of the relationship between man and nature as the ecological crisis at the physical level,cognitive disconnection is a crisis of perception,which is interwoven with the cognitive defect and distance emptiness between man and nature at the epis-temological level,and this disconnection is inevitably coupled with the acceleration mechanism of mod-ern society.In other words,in the context of accelerated society,a dislocation of time and space is formed due to the continuous squeezing of accelerated(social)time on(natural)space.Under the influ-ence of fast-forward time and social rhythm,people gradually distort the relationship between them-selves and nature,resulting in the misidentification of nature.The generation of new alienation is ex-plained by the accelerated institutional structure,technological structure and cultural structure of socie-ty,and seeks a possible way to promote the transformation to the"post-growth society"and the libera-tion of new alienation.Ecological resonance is the human—nature relationship structure that is mutually touched,absorbed and transformed rather than controlled.It aims to cause the(human)subject and the(natural)world to echo each other,and build a cognitive road from the lost distance between human and nature at the epistemological level.
The remedies for transboundary marine environmental damage has shifted from Ex Post Facto compensation to Ex Ante Facto prevention,which has become the main trend.Among them,the Envi-ronmental Impact Assessment(EIA)and the prescribing of provisional measures constitute the preven-tive remedies for transboundary marine environmental damage.However,the preventive remedies for transboundary marine environmental damage encounters challenges,including the difficulty of justifying irreparable prejudice,the ambiguity of international legal obligations for EIA,and the uncertainty of indicating provisional measures.International disputes concerning transboundary marine environmental harm substantiate the observed phenomenon of reciprocal cross-referencing between EIA and the pre-scription of provisional measures,which further indicates that the preventive remedies system for trans-boundary marine environmental damage has a tendency to integrate.Moreover,the similarity between marine EIA and prescribing provisional measures in terms of applicable prerequisites,preventive attrib-utes,and institutional values has laid the foundation for the systemic relevance of preventive remedy for transboundary marine environmental damage.In the context of deconstruction and reconstruction,the balance between judicial activism and judicial restraint has inspired the rationality and feasibility of the systemic integration of the preventive remedies for transboundary marine environmental damage,that is,optimize the formation of a preventive remedy system for transboundary marine environmental dam-age by strengthening the institutional value of prescribing provisional measures and clarifying the thresh-old and content path of EIA.
Climate change is a common challenge faced by mankind.To date,the UN Security Council has convened seven public debates on climate security,which is not only a response to the current situa-tion of global climate governance,but also an adaptive action to the new situation.The global climate governance crisis,the expansion of the safety concept and the fight for discourse power in global climate governance have prompted the UN Security Council to convene the public debates on climate securi-ty.The debate has a profound impact,and the trend of securitization and the deep politicization of global climate governance should be viewed dialectically.Though the debate offers new ideas for exploring ways to improve current global climate governance,the UN Security Council's intervention in global climate governance lacks the foundation of international law.According to Articles 24 and 25 of the Charter of the United Nations,it is not until the occurence of global climate security risks that the UN Security Council's intervention in global climate security governance is justified under international law,and in-tervening in global climate security governance by way of the UN Security Council resolutions to make laws can safeguard the authority of international climate change law and strengthen the binding force of international climate change law.
发展生态经济是实现人与 自然和谐共生现代化的重要路径,中国生态经济学学会2023年学术年会暨青藏高原生态经济学术研讨会以此为主题,关注当前中国生态经济理论、方法、实证、政策研究的最新进展.与会发言的四十余位学者围绕青藏高原与流域生态、生态要素和产业生态、生态补偿和其他理论与实践等核心议题展开研讨,提出一系列有价值的研究成果,为推动绿色低碳高质量发展、建设人与 自然和谐共生的现代化提供多维度学术支撑.
通过辨析起诉资格和环境公益诉讼概念并考察和对比中美两国有关法律文本,发现虽然中美两国都通过立法授权环保社会组织提起环境民事公益诉讼,但由于环保社会组织的特殊身份,两国立法机关对环保社会组织环境民事公益诉讼起诉资格规则的设定有两个重要的区别.一是在环境民事公益诉讼诉前程序设定上的不同.美国的《清洁空气法》等法律的公民诉讼条款规定了一个"诉前通知期"程序.它的存在迫使公民诉讼的原告和法院尊重对被控行为有管辖权的当地行政机关的优先管辖权.我国法律无此规定.我国这类诉前程序的缺失,一方面导致在环境民事公益诉讼中环保社会组织和法院可能僭越行政权;另一方面,导致司法权被不适当地前移到与行政权并列的位置,从而使其失去了其本身特有的"最后防线"的功能.二是在环境民事公益诉讼原告利害关系审查要求上的不同.本研究表明,美国的法院在环境公益诉讼中坚持对原告与其提告案件的利害关系进行审查.我国立法机关和法院则默示地完全放弃了这项审查.这项放弃在法理上值得商榷.这些立法上的差异提醒我们要高度重视立法活动的系统性影响.为此建议对我国现行环境民事公益诉讼制度增补一个"诉前通知期"程序.如此既可避免环境民事公益诉讼对行政优先管辖原则的违反,又可弥补现行法律放弃环境民事公益诉讼原告利害关系审查要求的弊端.
绿色财政支出是最能够体现政府绿色发展支持力度的政策,也是保护生态环境、促进 自然资源高效利用的有效方式.在我国面临资源与环境约束、进行绿色财政政策体系改革的背景下,使用2007-2018年215个城市的面板数据,检验了绿色财政支出对自然资源高效利用的直接影响和间接作用.研究表明:绿色财政有效提升了 自然资源的综合利用效率,且表现出"倒U型"的非线性关系和区域异质性特征;绿色财政支出通过技术创新、人力资本积累和产业结构调整作用于 自然资源高效利用;财政绩效和政府治理能力等政府治理因素对绿色财政效果的发挥起到了重要作用.本文的研究丰富了绿色财政政策的理论体系,对绿色财政政策改革和自然资源管理体制改革提供了指导.
厘清农村劳动力转移与农业碳排放之间的关系对于促进农业绿色低碳发展具有重要意义.为此,基于中国2005-2020年的省际面板数据,利用双向固定效应模型考察农村劳动力转移对农业碳排放的影响,而后构建中介效应模型、门槛效应模型并引入工具变量进一步明晰二者间的作用机制.研究结果表明:(1)农村劳动力转移对农业碳排放具有显著的抑制作用但表现出一定的异质性,具体表现为,中、东部地区农村劳动力转移对农业碳排放具有抑制作用而西部地区不甚明显,粮食主产区中黄河流域省份相比长江、松花江流域省份其农村劳动力转移对农业碳排放具有显著的抑制作用;(2)农村劳动力转移会使得粮食作物种植比例下降,而这一种植结构的变化会促进农业碳减排,其中介作用份额占比为10％;(3)农业机械化水平对农业碳减排存在单一门槛,不同农业机械化水平下农村劳动力转移对农业碳排放的抑制作用存在差异.
IT资源与企业绩效的正相关性是IT投资绩效研究领域的基石,然而近期的实证研究显示二者的相关性已经消失,探究其根源已经成为学术界的紧迫任务.本文认为,采用先进信息技术搭建的IT架构超越了传统的IT架构,依附传统IT架构的IT资源因此逐渐丧失盈利能力,直至对企业绩效的贡献消失.事实上,IT资源的开发需要耗时数年,IT资产的盈利能力在此期间随着IT资源的集聚逐渐上升,此后信息技术进步的作用才会凸现,导致IT资产的盈利能力回落,呈倒U型的变化趋势.本文以中国A股上市的1 221家稳定运行的公司为样本,从国泰安CSMAR数据库获取了样本公司2007年至2020年的样本数据,检验了这一推断.结果显示,IT资产的盈利能力在第3年攀升到峰值后逐渐回归到了社会平均水平,和上述推断吻合.IT投资绩效的研究大多以资源基础论为理论工具,强调IT资源的可持续性,本文证实了 IT资源的盈利能力是3～5年的短暂存在,揭示了 IT资源与企业绩效正相关性消失的根源.
高质量发挥绿色信贷政策对重污染企业绿色创新的引导作用,对于提升企业绿色创新质量和加快发展方式绿色转型至关重要.本文基于2012年《绿色信贷指引》实施的准自然实验,以2007-2019年中国上市的重污染企业为研究样本,采用双重差分(DID)方法,实证检验了绿色信贷政策实施对企业绿色创新质量的影响效应.研究发现,绿色信贷政策显著抑制了重污染企业绿色创新质量,即绿色信贷政策刺激了"绿色创新泡沫"的产生.影响机制检验表明,绿色信贷政策主要通过增加企业融资约束与挤占创新活动资金支出,抑制企业绿色创新质量的提升,进而带来"绿色创新泡沫",而地方绿色发展注意力的提升能够有效缓解绿色创新质量的降低,有助于"绿色创新泡沫"的矫正.此外,绿色信贷政策对不同地理位置和可持续发展水平企业的绿色创新质量具有异质性影响,在中东部地区以及信息披露质量较低的重污染企业中,绿色信贷政策对绿色创新质量的抑制作用更为显著.
面对数字经济和复杂多变的市场环境,"以顾客为中心"和"数字赋能"已经成为现代企业适应时代发展的重要战略.管理者的战略认知逐渐抛弃了传统的"竞争"思维,重新思考企业存在的本质.本研究基于顾客主导逻辑和数字赋能理论,以412名企业管理者为研究对象,探究顾客主导逻辑对商业模式创新影响的双路径与边界条件.研究发现:(1)顾客主导逻辑对商业模式创新具有积极的正向作用;(2)基于能力视角,组织重构能力(包括动态能力和即兴能力)在顾客主导逻辑与商业模式创新之间起到部分中介作用;(3)数字赋能在顾客主导逻辑与组织重构能力(包括动态能力和即兴能力)之间发挥正向调节作用,特别是即兴能力在数字化环境下影响更为显著.本研究深化了对顾客主导逻辑内涵认知及作用机制的研究,有助于企业理解和制定相应的主导逻辑,进而在VUCA时代仍能保持企业竞争优势.
推进人类命运共同体建设实质上是人类文明建构的进程,是现代化的世界历史阶段里人学逻辑对资本逻辑扬弃的过程.人类命运共同体历史生成于由资本开启的世界历史进程,是对物的依赖阶段中由资本带来的全球性、文明性的现代性弊病的扬弃.而历史生成的进程本身也蕴含着从现实的个人出发,通过实现"我们再造",趋向于人的自由全面发展的人学逻辑.这条人学逻辑是通过世界市场基础向人类社会转变,以及文化交往和利益普遍交往的实践而历史生成的.
随着"双碳"目标的提出,地方政府承担着推动经济社会绿色低碳可持续发展的重任,使其环境治理行为和效果受到广泛关注.政府无偿为上市公司提供环境治理补助能否助推公司革新ESG策略?本文结合2009-2021年沪深两市A股主板上市公司的微观数据,实证研究政府环境治理补助对上市公司ESG表现的影响.结果发现,政府环境治理补助有助于提升公司ESG表现,并且主要通过缓解融资约束、推动绿色创新和提高信息透明度这三条路径发挥作用.进一步分析表明,政府环境治理补助对上市公司ESG表现的提升作用在重点排污、资本密集型、面临激烈市场竞争、取得硬约束补助等类型的公司中更明显,并且这种正向作用有助于提高公司可持续发展绩效.上述研究结论为引导上市公司加强ESG体系建设提供了来 自政府"有形之手"适当干预的经验证据,同时也为地方政府健全环境治理补助政策和进一步深化落实"双碳"目标提供了政策参考.
