生物化学实验是制药工程专业重要的专业课程之一,但在传统教学中,实验课程仅简单作为理论课程教学的补充,存在实验内容陈旧、教学方法单一、师资力量不足等问题.为了培养适应21世纪社会发展的复合型人才,近年来尝试从更新教学内容体系、在教学中引入科研课题、改进评估方法、拓展课外开放性实验、加强师资队伍建设等方面进行改革探索并取得一定成效,学生在参与科研综合训练项目、学科竞赛及大学生创新创业比赛等方面获得明显进步.

工业药剂学作为制药工程专业的核心课程之一,在药学教育中发挥了重要作用.目前制药企业发展急需复合型人才,这就要求工业药剂学紧跟新形势,以学生为中心,以培养学生的综合素质和求知能力为目标开展教学改革.文章结合教学实际,通过优化教学内容、丰富教学手段、创新实验教学和建设多元课堂,对工业药剂学的教学进行了一些有益的改革探索和实践.

Fabrication of a multifunctional near-infrared (NIR) theranostic nanoplatform has attracted increasing attention. Indocyanine green (ICG), a clinic-approved NIR fluorescence-imaging agent, is an excellent photothermal agent candidate. However, the stability and tumor targeting are still great obstacles for its wide application. In this work, C-phycocyanin (CPC) as a tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) targeted vehicle was used to fabricate noncovalent ICG conjugate of CPC (ICG@CPC) via self-assembly in aqueous media. Compared to free ICG, ICG@CPC displays improved stabilities in aqueous solutions and under light irradiation and threefold increase in photothermal conversion efficiency. The in vitro results indicated that ICG@CPC could be selectively internalized into J774A.1 cells via SR-A-mediated endocytosis and lead to enhanced photocytotoxicity against J774A.1 cells. In vivo results showed that ICG@CPC had significantly improved drug accumulation in the tumor and photothermal therapeutic efficacy relative to ICG alone. This study for the first time utilizes CPC as a TAMs-targeted nanocarrier for ICG and may promote further rational design of ICG-based photothermal nanodrugs for precise and efficient cancer theranosis.

本科生科研训练对于培养制药工程专业学生的创新能力至关重要.本文针对目前国内制药工程本科生教育存在的培养模式落后的问题,顺应新时代需要,将科研与教学整合,注重培养学生的创新和批判思维等科研素质,为提高本科生创新能力提供参考.

Objective:To compare the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, and evaluate the effectiveness of their prevention and control measures.Methods:Data of COVID-19 cases reported in Guangzhou and Wenzhou as of February 29, 2020 were collected. The incidence curves of COVID-19 in two cities were constructed. The real time reproduction number ( R t) of COVID-19 in two cities was calculated respectively. Results:A total of 346 and 465 confirmed COVID-19 cases were analysed in Guangzhou and Wenzhou, respectively. In two cities, most cases were aged 30-59 years (Guangzhou: 54.9%; Wenzhou: 70.3%). The incidence curve peaked on 27 January, 2020 in Guangzhou and on 26 January, 2020 in Wenzhou, then began to decline in both cities. The peaks of imported COVID-19 cases from Hubei occurred earlier than the peak of COVID-19 incidences in two cities, and the peak of imported cases from Hubei occurred earlier in Wenzhou than in Guangzhou. In early epidemic phase, imported cases were predominant in both cities, then the number of local cases increased and gradually took the dominance in Wenzhou. In Guangzhou, the imported cases was still predominant. Despite the different epidemic pattern, the R t and the number of COVID-19 cases declined after strict prevention and control measures were taken in Guangzhou and in Wenzhou. Conclusion:The time and scale specific differences of imported COVID-19 resulted in different epidemic patterns in two cities, but the spread of the disease were effectively controlled after taking strict prevention and control measures.

制药工程专业实验是制药工程专业人才培养过程中的重要实践环节.过去制药工程专业实验不足以支撑学生毕业能力的达成,近3年来基于工程教育专业认证的理念和要求,对制药工程专业实验课程内容和教学平台进行重新设计和建设并付诸实践.改革后的制药工程专业实验课程符合工程教育专业认证的要求,能促进学生多项毕业能力的达成,能培养学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,可为国内高校同专业实验教学提供有益借鉴.

C-Phycocyanin (CPC) as a tumour-associated macrophage (TAM)-targeted photosensitiser has been first proved, and used as a vehicle of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) to fabricate a ZnPc-CPC conjugate, which exhibits an efficient in vitro photodynamic activity, and selectively accumulates in tumour sites probably due to the affinity to TAM.

A series of zinc(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) mono-substituted and tetra-substituted with morpholinyl moieties and their quaternized derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal photodynamic activities toward Candida albicans. The α-substituted, quaternized, and mono-substituted ZnPcs are found to have higher antifungal photoactivity than β-substituted, neutral, and tetra-substituted counterparts. The cationic α-mono-substituted ZnPc (6a) exhibits the highest photocytotoxicity. Moreover, it is more potent than axially di-substituted analogue. The different photocytotoxicities of these compounds have also been rationalized by investigating their spectroscopic and photochemical properties, aggregation trend, partition coefficients, and cellular uptake. The IC90 value of 6a against C. albicans cells is as low as 3.3 μM with a light dose of 27 J cm(-2), meaning that 6a is a promising candidate as the antifungal photosensitizer for future investigations.

OBJECTIVE To prepare the preparation of compound Huangqin temperature sensitive gel,and to establish the quality control standard to determine the content of baicalin temperature sensitive gel.METHODS Bo Losham was choosed as gel material,the influence of different concentration ratio of Bo Losham 407(Pluronic F127) and Bo Losham 188(Pluronic F68) on the prescription on the gel temperature was investigatal.HPLC method was es-tablished for determination of Baicalin in gel:the chromatographic column was Acclaim 120 C18 column(4.6mm × 250mm,5μm);the mobile phase of methanol water phosphoric acid(57∶43∶0.2),the flow rate was 1.0mL· min -1;the detection wavelength was 280 nm and the column temperature was 30℃.RESULTS The gelation temperature was 29.5℃gel matrix:22% P407/8% P188.Baicalin in 0.0253~0.1508 ( mg · mL-1 ) the linear relationship is good,the average recovery was 103.74%,RSD was 1.26%.CONCLUSION The poloxamer temperature sensitive gel preparation process is simple,the prescription screening gelobtained is suitable for clinical skin medication.The quality standard is accurate,reliable,reproducible and can be used for quality control of compound Huangqin temper-ature sensitive gel.

Gelation behavior of binary Pluronic block copolymers of F127/F68 was evaluated by rheological measurements.The results showed that when the total copolymer mass fraction was fixed at 20%,the gel transition temperature increased from 20.8 °C to 38.5 °C and the elasticity modulus decreased 83.5% with the weight ratio of F127/F68 from 10 ∶0 to 8 ∶2.The formed gel was typical of shear thinning property.Nevertheless,according to DSC analysis,the critical micelle temperature hardly changed with the composition of the mixture,and the gelation process was thermo-reversible and no endothermic peak was detected at the gel transition tempe-rature.The hydrophilic "corona" of the micelle was studied using viscometry.The results showed that the shell hydration of the micelle decreased while increasing the ratio of F68.Particle size analysis found that the micelle was slightly smaller as the proportion of F68 in the mixture was increased.The diagram exhibited the transition process of the binary system from micelle to gel.Increased the ratio of F127,more micelles would be involved in the formation of gel.And raised the temperature,the repulsive interactions among close-packed spherical micelles became stronger.Both of them could help to increase the micellar volume fraction,which could benifit to the gel formation.

目的 优选W/O/W型复乳较佳的配方.方法 在前期预实验的基础上筛选出油水相比例、乳化剂Ⅰ的用量、辅助乳化剂的种类与用量、稳定剂的用量、稳定剂Ⅱ的用量、内外渗透压等8个影响复乳配方质量的因素,以复乳产率和离心分离时间为指标,选用L18(2×37)表进行正交试验.同时考察优选配方所制复乳的理化性质和稳定性.结果 8个因素对复乳质量的影响大小依次为:D＞G＞F＞B＞E＞H＞A＞C,其中辅助乳化剂和乳化剂Ⅱ的用量是主要的影响因素.结论 按照优选的配方可以制备出性状较好的复乳,且所得复乳理化性质和稳定性均良好.

It's well known that curcumin is practically insoluble in water. Therefore, to improve the drug dissolution rate, fusion approach was employed to prepare curcumin solid dispersions (SDs) in the carrier Pluronic F68 with three different drug loads. The dissolution rate of curcumin from the SDs was measured at simulated gastric fluid. The concentration of the dissolved drug in the medium was determined by HPLC. The dissolution rates of the formulations were dependent on the drug loading in SDs. 92.2% CUR was dissolved in 10 min from the SDs with 8.97% drug load, whereas the amounts of drug released were 65.8% and 84.2% within 120 min from the SDs with 18.9% and 29.0% drug loads, respectively. The Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated hydrogen bond between the drug and carrier. Furthermore, their physicochemical properties were well investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. In the dispersions containing 8.97% CUR, the drug was in the molecular state. At a composition of approximately 18.9%, CUR was dispersed as micro-fine crystals. These interesting results indicate that the physical states of the drug in the carrier, which are governed by the drug loading, can affect the dissolution rate improvement.

We studied the effect of Pluronic F127 micelle solution on the solubility of ibuprofen (IBU). The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of F127 in both water and 0.01 mol.L-1 pH 7.4 phosphate buffer salt (PBS) solution at different temperatures was determined by the pyrene fluorescence method. The concentration of the solubilized IBU was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We calculated the solubility descriptors (molar solubilization capacity, chi, and micelle-water partition coefficient, K). The influences of temperature, medium properties, and additional copolymer F68 on the micellization of F127 and the solubilization of IBU were also investigated. The results showed that the solubility of IBU increased linearly with an increase in the F127 mass fraction. With an increase in temperature, a significant decrease in the cmc was apparent and a less polar microenvironment was present in the micelle core. Slight increases in chi and K were found with an increase in temperature. The cmc of F127 in PBS solution was much less than that in water, chi was essentially the same and K decreased significantly in PBS solution. F127 micelle property and the solubilization capacity of the F127 micelles were only slightly affected in the presence of F68. An analysis of the solubility descriptors indicates that the K is particularly unique for the drug IBU, and the chi is useful in determining the solubility effectiveness of copolymer F127. We also demonstrated that IBU was predominantly in the micelle core and core-corona interface.

Objective:To optimize the ultrasonic technology of extracting ultraviolet absorbent from eoptidis rhizome.Method:The amount of ultraviolet absorbent was measured by UV spectrophotometry.The effect of supersonic time,concentration of alcohol,ratio of solid to liquid,supersonic temperature and extraction frequency were investigated.Result:As the concentration of of alcolhol was 50%, the ratio of solid to liquid was 1:25,the temperature was 50℃,and extracted one time for 50 min,satisfied result could be obtained. Conclusion:Ultrasonic wave extraction was simple,quick,and high efficacy for extracting ultraviolet absorbent from coptidis rhizome.

<正>在通货膨胀和经济增长放缓已成为全球面临的突出问题的新形势下,下阶段我国宏观调控政策如何选择,是以抑制通货膨胀为主,还是以防止经济增长可能出现的明显滑落为主,亦或两者兼顾?从现阶段看,物价出现了较为明显的上涨势头,成为当前经济运行中的主要矛盾。经济增长依然较快,增速的回落总体上还是适度的和可承受的

<正>今年1～2月,全国外贸形势呈现出“出口高增长,进口略回落,顺差大增加”的局面。全国进出口总值为2978.1亿美元,同比增长31.6%。

The stabilities of the adsorption films of the o/w emulsions were investigated with a home made drop stability apparatus in which isopropyl myristate(IPM) was used as the oil and Pluronic copolymers(L61,L64,F68 and F108),lecithin(PC) and their mixture were used as the emulsifier,respectively.The results show that Pluronic molecule with a long PEO block benefited the stabilization of the film.When single Pluronic copolymer was used as the emulsifier,however,the limited length of the PPO blocks restricted their bending to insert the oil drop,resulting in the reduction of the compactness of the molecules arranging at the oil/water interface because of the repulsion between the long PEO blocks.The addition of PC improved the arrangement of the emulsifier molecules at the oil/water interface and promoted them to pack tightly.Thus the long PEO blocks wrapped on the surface of oil drop stabilized the oil-drops in water.The present work has demonstrated that the mixed emulsifiers of F68+PC or F108+PC with 0.012 5 g/mL Pluronics and 0.016 7 g/mL PC can form a stable adsorption film at the oil/water interface.

目的:了解提高W/O/W复合型乳剂稳定性的各种手段和方法。方法:查阅近几年国内外有关文献资料进行分析综述。结果:乳化剂、油相、制备工艺、内水相、稳定剂均是影响复乳稳定性的因素。结论:国内外学者采取了各种相应的稳定措施,以为复乳的应用开辟一个更广阔的空间。

氢醌即1,4-对苯二酚,能阻断酪氨酸酶,催化酪氨酸酶转变成二羟基苯丙氨酸,从而抑制黑色素的合成,因而氢醌制剂具有预防色素沉着、淡化色素的功效.已经广泛用于治疗皮肤色素沉着.

通过抑菌试验测定5种中革药对甲癣常见致病菌的MIC(最低抑菌浓度),以筛选出抗甲癣作用较强的单味中草药.