Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) holds great promise for the rapid and sensitive detection of biomolecules, but its precise detection of small molecule metabolites is hindered by severe background interference from the organic matrix in the low molecular weight range. To address this issue, nanomaterials have commonly been utilized as substrates in LDI-MS. Among them, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), known for their unique optical absorption and structural properties, have garnered significant attention. Despite these advantages, their low ionization efficiency remains a challenge. Herein, a composite material of COF-S@Au nanoparticles (NPs), by incorporating Au NPs into a sulfur-functionalized COF (COF-S) through postsynthetic modification, was designed and adopted as substrates. This hybrid material leverages the synergistic effects of COF-S and Au NPs to improve the desorption/ionization efficiency and minimize background interference. The COF-S@Au NPs demonstrated a 5-16-fold improvement in MS signals of small biomolecules along with a clean background and excellent resistance to salt and protein interference. Their corresponding limits of detection (LODs) were achieved at ∼pmol. Furthermore, the COF-S@Au NPs were applied to analyze metabolites in a triclosan (TCS)-exposed mouse model, successfully identifying 10 differential metabolites associated with TCS toxicity. This work provides a foundation for developing advanced LDI-MS materials for high-performance metabolic analysis and offers valuable insights into TCS metabolic toxicity with potential applications in environmental toxicology.

Background: To examine the mechanisms of adaptations in cardiorespiratory fitness with different dose of amount and intensity exercise training in middle-aged men. Methods: A total of 67 sedentary subjects aged 40-49 yr were assigned to participate for 12 weeks in a control group or in one of three exercise groups: 1) low volume/moderate intensity 2) low volume/vigorous intensity and 3) high volume/vigorous intensity. They were tested for VO2max, cardiac output (Q) and stroke volume (SV) before and after training and maximal arterial-venous oxygen difference (a-vO2diff) calculated by the Fick Equation. Results: Contrasted to control group, VO2max increased similar in both LVVI and HVVI groups after 12 weeks; It indicated that the intensity of exercise appears to make a greater benefit than the amount of exercise on VO2max. However, Maximal cardiac output (Qmax) and a-vO2diff contributed to increase VO2max were differences in both of vigorous intensity groups. In LVVI group, Qmax together with maximal a-vO2diff contributed to the greater VO2max; in HVVI group, the majority of the increment in VO2max was relied on larger Qmax whereas a widened a-vO2diff. Conclusion: It is appropriate to recommend vigorous intensity exercise to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and encourage higher amount to confer additional benefit for Qmax.

To investigate the metabolomic mechanisms by which changes in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels affect metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors and to provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of body metabolism via CRF in people with MetS risk factors, a comparative blood metabolomics study of individuals with varying levels of CRF and varying degrees of risk factors for MetS was conducted. Methods: Ninety subjects between the ages of 40 and 45 were enrolled, and they were categorized into low-MetS (LM ≤ two items) and high MetS (HM > three items) groups, as well as low- and high-CRF (LC, HC) and LCLM, LCLM, LCHM, and HCHM groups. Plasma was taken from the early morning abdominal venous blood. LC-MS was conducted using untargeted metabolomics technology, and the data were statistically and graphically evaluated using SPSS26.0 and R language. Results: (1) There were eight common differential metabolites in the HC vs. LC group as follows: methionine (↓), γ-aminobutyric acid (↑), 2-oxoglutatic acid (↑), arginine (↑), serine (↑), cis-aconitic acid (↑), glutamine (↓), and valine (↓); the HM vs. LM group are contrast. (2) In the HCHM vs. LCLM group, trends were observed in 2-oxoglutatic acid (↑), arginine (↑), serine (↑), cis-aconitic acid (↑), glutamine (↓), and valine (↓). (3) CRF and MetS risk factors jointly affect biological metabolic pathways such as arginine biosynthesis, TCA cycle, cysteine and methionine metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Conclusion: The eight common differential metabolites can serve as potential biomarkers for distinguishing individuals with different CRF levels and varying degrees of MetS risk factors. Increasing CRF levels may potentially mitigate MetS risk factors, as higher CRF levels are associated with reduced MetS risk.

糖尿病已成为严重的全球性公共卫生问题,目前临床应用的大多数降血糖药物,都伴有一定副作用,严重影响患者的生活质量.因此,迫切需要关注延缓糖尿病及其并发症的非药物干预策略,如营养摄入和运动干预.采用DPP-Ⅳ抑制肽联合运动进行早期干预,可以延长运动产生的内源性GLP-1活性,是预防糖尿病和改善其治疗的理想选择.综述DPP-Ⅳ抑制肽、运动改善糖尿病机制,为评估联合治疗策略的基本机制提供依据.

Highly efficient extraction of glycopeptides prior to mass spectrometry detection is extremely crucial for glycoproteomic research, especially in disease biomarker research. Reported here is the first time by ap-plying two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic framework (COFs) nanosheets for highly efficient enrich-ment of glycopeptides. Particularly, by incorporating hydrophilic monomers through a bottom-up strategy, the 2D COF nanosheets (denoted as NUS-9) displayed an ultra-high graft density of sulfonic groups and super-hydrophilicity. In addition, because of the large surface area, low steric hindrance, high chemical stability, and abundant accessibility sites of 2D COF nanosheets, NUS-9 exhibited remarkable efficiency for glycopeptide enrichment, involving excellent detection sensitivity (0.01 fmol mu L-1), outstanding en-richment capability, and good enrichment selectivity (1:1500, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tryptic digest to bovine serum albumin (BSA) tryptic digest), and recovery (92.2 +/- 2.0%). Moreover, the NUS-9 was able to unambiguously detect 631 endogenous glycopeptides from human saliva, demonstrating an unparal-leled high efficiency in glycopeptide enrichment. Gene ontology analyses of proteins from human saliva enriched by NUS-9 demonstrated its potential for comprehensive glycoproteome analysis. (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

目的:探究赛艇测功仪2000 m全力划过程中不同分段的血液代谢组学特征,分析不同分段与供能相关的潜在生物标志物.方法:选取12名男子赛艇运动员(一级运动员)在4天内依次进行赛艇测功仪2000 m全力划及过程中500、1000和1500 m模拟划测试,采集测试前安静状态和每次运动后即刻的肘静脉血样(分别标记为A、B、C、D和E组),基于高效化学同位素标记-液质联用(LC-MS)代谢组学技术进行分析.采用IsoMS Pro 1.2.15软件进行多元统计分析(PCA、PLS-DA)和火山图分析遴选出差异代谢物.差异代谢物通过MetaboAnalyst 5.0平台进行层次聚类分析,并结合Nova MT代谢组学数据库与HMDB在线数据库来注释潜在生物标志物和评估它们的生物学作用.结果:与A组(安静)相比,C组(500 m)运动后即刻的L-赖氨酸、鸟氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、4-羟脯氨酸和胱氨酸显著减少(P<0.01),N-甲基-L-谷氨酸、泛酸、对羟基苯乙酰甘氨酸、肌酐和腺嘌呤显著增加(P<0.01);与C组(500 m)相比,D组(1000 m)运动后即刻的4-羟脯氨酸、甘氨酸、四氢嘧啶、L-缬氨酸和5-氨基戊酸显著减少(P<0.01),泛酸、抗坏血酸、对羟基苯乙酰甘氨酸、次黄嘌呤、磷酸乙醇胺、3-亚砜-L-丙氨酸、N-甲基-L-谷氨酸、胱氨酸、高香草酸和腺嘌呤显著增加(P<0.01);与D组(1000 m)相比,E组(1500 m)运动后即刻的吲哚-3-羧酸显著减少(P<0.01),次黄嘌呤和抗坏血酸显著增加(P<0.01);与E组(1500 m)相比,B组(2000 m)运动后即刻的茶碱显著减少(P<0.01),4-羟脯氨酸、甘氨酸、次黄嘌呤、抗坏血酸、氨基己二酸和甲硫氨酸显著增加(P<0.01).结论:有氧代谢、无氧代谢和氧化应激相关的差异代谢物显著影响赛艇测功仪2000 m全力划过程中不同分段的供能和运动表现,其中,泛酸、N-甲基-L-谷氨酸、腺嘌呤和次黄嘌呤等无氧代谢产物在0～500 m分段或1500～2000 m分段发生显著变化,可作为鉴别赛艇运动员无氧供能的潜在生物标志物.

以高效制备二肽基肽酶Ⅳ(dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ,DPP-Ⅳ)为目的,以牛肾为原料,经酸沉淀、硫酸铵盐析和凝胶过滤层析获得高纯度DPP-Ⅳ.还原条件下,纯化蛋白的分子质量为106kDa,纯化倍数为169.9,得率为9.5％.对该蛋白进行质谱鉴定得到12个肽段,共517个氨基酸残基,与牛DPP-Ⅳ氨基酸序列的匹配度为100％.对其性质研究发现,DPP-IV为糖蛋白且以二聚体形式(210 kDa)存在,等电点为5.8.DPP-IV的二级结构具有典型的β-折叠构象,热变性温度为(72.7±0.3)℃.金属离子Zn2+、Fe2+及Fe3+对DPP-IV活力有明显的抑制作用,1mmol/L的Zn2+对DPP-Ⅳ力抑制率高达98％.

新竞赛规则使跆拳道项目比赛时间结构与能量供应特征发生改变,本文基于新规则下跆拳道比赛的形式,在真实比赛环境中获取跆拳道运动员在比赛中的运动表现及生理学特征的数据,研究新规则下跆拳道项目的比赛时间结构与能量供应特征.本研究共选取福建省 18 名男子国家一级跆拳道运动员参加实验测试.采集新规则跆拳道比赛前、中、后七个时段(赛前安静、局间即刻 1、局间即刻 2、局间即刻 3、赛后 3min、赛后 5min、赛后 10min)运动员的血乳酸(BLA)与心率(HR).运动员赛中的运动表现采用Videoleap软件以 1/25s停帧图像通过比赛录像对比赛进攻、防守反击、步伐调整三者在新规则下跆拳道比赛中使用时间与次数进行分析,探究新规则下跆拳道运动员的能量供应特征.

观察"政府-社区卫生服务中心-社区街道-高校"四位一体体医融合管理模式对"三高"人群干预效果,为"体医融合"模式推广提供参考.研究方法:选取厦门市"体医融合"示范社区试点项目中150名高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常患者为研究对象,随机分为对照组(75人)和观察组(75人).对照组保持原生活方式,观察组采用"政府-社区卫生服务中心-社区街道-高校"四位一体体医融合管理模式进行管理.经过6个月之后,比较两组流失率、疾病指标、体质及慢病相关健康素养的变化.研究结果:在流失率方面,观察组(6.7％)显著低于对照(25.3％);在疾病指标方面,对照组均无显著下降;观察组收缩压、舒张压、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白分别下降了17.7±23.5mmHg、8.0±8.6mmHg、0.2±0.5％、0.4±1.2mmol/L、0.3±0.7mmol/L、0.5±1.2mmol/L,下降程度均具有显著性(P<0.05).在慢病相关健康素养方面:观察组认为体育锻炼重要的人数占比提高了3.5％,每周运动频率低于每周3次的人数占比减少了26.7％,每周中高体力活动时间增加了127.6±301.6min,日静坐时间减少了3.1±2.4h,每日屏幕时间降低了0.1±1.8h,熬夜、点外卖的人数占比分别减少了2.8％、24.4％,改善程度均高于对照组.结论:"政府-社区卫生服务中心-社区街道-高校"四位一体体医融合管理模式各部门协同配合,运行良好;可有效提高高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常人群的慢病相关健康素养,增强其体质健康,改善疾病状况,值得推广.

探讨睡眠时间、工作类久坐时间、体力活动水平与成年人慢性疾病的关联性,以期为相关健康问题的干预提供依据.采取多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,于2019年在厦门市地区选取20～69岁的成年人为研究对象,进行现场问卷调查和体质监测,并采用二分类logistic回归法分析其调查结果.结果:除年龄增长、城乡因素、运动频率、教育程度、职业类型、体质指数≥24.0 kg/m2是导致患有慢性疾病的重要因素外,<7 h的睡眠时间、≥4 h的工作类久坐时间、≥3 h的屏幕类久坐时间、体力活动水平的高低与慢性病的关系独立显著.每天工作日睡眠时间增加1 h,患有慢性病的可能性将降低51％.不同久坐时段0～2 h、4.01～6 h和6.01～8 h,患有慢性疾病风险发生比分别增加为51％、60％和75％.低体力活动水平慢性疾病的发生率是高体力活动水平的1.718倍,中等体力活动水平慢性疾病的发生率是高体力活动水平的0.612倍,表明随着每周体力活动增加,患有慢性疾病的风险会随之下降.结论:保持充足的睡眠、适当运动频率和增加体力活动量可以降低年龄增长带来的慢性病发生风险,其作用随年龄增长越来越显著.久坐、屏幕、睡眠等时间与慢性病有较强的联系,成年人应多锻炼,减少工作类久坐时间和屏幕时间,培养良好的生活习惯,对慢性疾病的危险因素进行正确的干预和控制,降低患病风险.

通过对成年人体力活动(Physical activity,PA)、久坐行为(Sedentary behavior,SB)与体质健康的关系进行研究,探讨二者与体质健康之间是否存在交互效益,为今后科学指导国民体质健康的健身方案制定提供理论依据.研究方法:选取379名健康成年人为调查对象,使用问卷(SBQ)调查SB水平,客观测量PA及体质健康情况,使用线性回归、二元logistic回归分析对它们之间的关系进行探究.研究结果:(1)PA与综合评价、肺活量、台阶指数、握力、仰卧起坐呈显著正向线性相关(P<0.05).(2)SB与综合评价、肺活量、台阶指数、握力、闭眼单脚站立呈显著负向线性相关(P<0.01～0.05),与BMI呈正向线性相关(P<0.05).(3)在对PA、SB的联合分析中,在相同等级PA(或SB)情况下,体质健康合格率会随对方等级的升高而降低(或增加);在两个极端组合,即低SB、高PA情况下,其体质健康获得合格的优势比最高(OR=1.74,95％CI1.53～3.44,P<0.05),反之则优势比最低;当处于高SB、高PA情况下(OR=1.43,95％CI1.28～2.81,P<0.05),体质健康获得合格的优势比要比处于低SB、低PA时高(OR=1.41,95％CI1.27～2.43).结论:体力活动、久坐行为分别是成年人体质健康的独立促进或危险因素,二者联合对体质健康具有协同或抵消的交互效应.建议减少久坐行为时间,增加中高水平体力活动,这样有利于维持身体形态,提高心肺机能,发展力量素质、平衡能力.

随着全球糖尿病患者人数的逐年增加,传统的药物治疗方法面临严峻挑战.研究发现,饮食干预是辅助治疗糖尿病的一种有效手段.食物中的蛋白质经酶解后可产生多种生物活性肽.其中,与糖尿病防治密切相关的二肽基肽酶-Ⅳ(Dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ,DPP-Ⅳ)抑制肽已从鱼类等多种食物的酶解液中被发现.海洋生物种类丰富,是制备功能性食品的重要原料来源.本文综述了食源性DPP-Ⅳ抑制肽降糖的作用机制,特别是海洋生物来源的DPP-Ⅳ抑制肽的研究进展,旨在为开发基于DPP-Ⅳ抑制肽的功能性食品提供参考.

运用文献资料法、帕累托分析法、对比分析法等研究方法,分析第19～23届冬奥会速度滑冰项目的世界竞争格局,并梳理我国奥运参赛形势,提出备战策略.研究表明:第一集团国家垄断金牌、奖牌的局面已被打破,世界速度滑冰竞争格局日趋激烈;欧洲整体竞技实力优势依旧明显,亚洲正在迅速崛起,美洲则呈下降趋势;比赛项目竞争中,荷兰最具竞争力且优势较大,男子项目上长距离比赛最为激烈,女子项目上短距离比赛最为激烈.我国应正确认识参赛形势,努力实现男女竞技实力均衡和弱势项目突破,并加大项目支持力度,优化队伍结构,打造复合型教练团队,大力储备后备人才及完善保障体系来确保我国选手以最佳竞技状态备战奥运,实现速度滑冰项目的兴起.

为了探究社会学因素对厦门市成年人体力活动量的影响,本研究通过分析部分社会学因素与厦门市居民(20岁以上)体力活动量之间的关系.以问卷调查的方式对厦门市成年人进行调查,采用回归分析影响成年人体力活动量因素.研究发现,吸烟和体力活动总量有相关性(95％CI=154.456-670.823,p＜0.01);一周参加锻炼的频率和体力活动总量有相关性(95％CI=270.509-425.480,p＜0.01);参加锻炼的主要形式与体力活动总量有相关性(95％CI=-364.411--45.857,p＜0.05);其他因素对成年人参加体力活动无显著影响,P＞0.05.建议在进行运动干预的时候,应该注意吸烟?参加锻炼的频率以及参加锻炼的主要形式的影响.

研究目的:本文献通过叙述性评论旨在为目前体力活动促进2型糖尿病患者健康机制提供证据.本研究从机制泛化和量化双方面入手,探寻改善T2DM的促进机制和运动剂量,探索更适合我国的运动干预方式,为今后的大众健身提供科学依据.研究方法:本文运用文献资料法,对目前和最新的文献进行叙述性回顾.从文献检索(使用中国知网、PubMed、MEDLINE和万方试验数据库(从开始到2021年4月)检索到的研究结果的叙述性综合,使用"体力活动"、"运动"与"糖尿病"和相关关键字进行).研究结果与结论:1.体力活动被视为2型糖尿病患者的重要干预措施,通过改善机体对胰岛素的敏感性、降低血糖、血脂和控制体重以预防和延缓2型糖尿病的发生发展.2.低水平的体力活动能带来更大的益处,更适合中老年人.3.运动干预能保证一定时间内的短期效果,但离开实验后如何进一步保证健康效益的可持续性,仍需进一步的长期干预措施和健康教育.

静坐少动行为或体力活动不足带来的心血管疾病和代谢性疾病等健康问题已成为当前重要的公共卫生问题之一.本文通过梳理静坐少动行为、体力活动与健康效益之间的关系,探讨了二者交互作用对健康效益的影响以及剂量-效应关系.综合研究认为:1.随着静坐少动时间的增加,与慢性疾病相关的风险因素逐渐增加,4～6 h/d是其剂量-效应的“阈剂量”,静坐少动时间与健康效益之间表现出非线性的剂量-效应曲线特征;2.间断性静坐少动行为比持续性静坐少动行为更有利于降低与慢性疾病相关的风险因素;3.增加体力活动或减少静坐时间均可促进健康效益;体力活动和静坐少动行为二者与健康效益之间存在着叠加/抵消的交互作用,二者与健康效益之间存在着剂量-效应关系,但其剂量-效应曲线模型特征还有待于进一步研究.

目的:探讨一次高强度间歇运动(HIIT)对男性青少年运动后心血管反应以及物质和能量代谢的影响.方法:20名健康男性青少年(15～17岁)按随机顺序分别进行一次急性HIIT实验(30 s Wingate测试,完成2组,组间间歇4 min)(运动实验)以及一次对照实验(安静休息),每次实验前先测安静时摄氧量(VO2)、呼吸商(RQ)、血压[收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)]、心率(HR),并计算底物(碳水化合物和脂肪)氧化供能的基础值;实验程序后100 min内再次检测以上指标,比较运动实验后与对照实验后的数值的差异.两次实验之间间隔72 h.结果:与对照实验比,运动实验后即刻以及10 min VO2显著升高(P<0.05),20 min时恢复(P>0.05);运动后总VO2显著升高(P<0.05);RQ在运动后即刻显著升高(P<0.05),随后迅速下降并在30～60 min时显著降低(P<0.05);脂肪氧化供能在40～60 min时显著升高(P<0.05);但运动后脂肪总氧化量并无显著性差异(P>0.05);HR在运动后即刻显著升高(P<0.05)并持续至90 min(P<0.05);SBP在运动后90～100 min时显著降低(P<0.05).结论:一次急性HIIT能够诱导男性青少年VO2和脂肪供能增加,SBP下降.

Objective Large amounts of pieces of evidence suggest sedentary behavior(SB) might have a negative impact on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic system. Our aim is to explore the associations between sedentary behavior and cardiovascular risk factors in adults of 40-49year. Methods Participants(N=372) were adults 40-49 years old who had a survey by using adult sit-Q-7d. The indexes of body mass index(BMI) and Waist circumference(WC) were measured as per standard protocols and blood pressure measured using an automated sphygmomanometer (Carescape V100; GE Healthcare, UK) following five minutes seated rest. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides(TG) and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) were assessed for blood sampling of venous blood following an overnight fast (Cholestech LDX; Alere Inc, USA). We analyzed data in 2 h/day and 1 h/day as segmentation criteria of sitting time were classified as 8 groups(0<2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, 8-10, >10 h/day) and 10 groups(<1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7, 7-8, 8-9，>9 h/day). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA software 15.0(STATA Corp, College Station, TX). We performed multiple linear regression models adjusting for health-related confounders to assess the associations between SB of difference range and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Results (1)When the sitting time as category criteria in 2 h/day, the relationship of LDL-C(β=0.651，95%CI=0.069 to 1.232, P=0.028) and HDL-C(β=0.129，95%CI=0.013 to 0.245, P=0.028) to sitting time in segment of 6-8h/day were statistically significant after adjustment for relative factor of risk; and the same in TC(β=0.932，95%CI=0.244 to 1.620, P=0.008) to sitting time in segment of 8-10h/day; (2) When the sitting time as category criteria in 1 h/day, in 3-4h/day segment, the index of BMI(β=1.550，95%CI=0.025 to 3.074, P=0.046) had a significant rise; in 7-8h/day segment, the index of LDL-C(β=0.919，95%CI=0.155 to 1.683, P=0.019) also had a significant rise; as well as, in 8-9h/day segment, the index of TC(β=1.531，95%CI=0.497 to 2.565, P=0.004) had a highly significant. (3) As has mentioned above, the threshold for each segment of sitting time for the index of LDL-C in 7-8h/day segment and the index of TC in 8-9h/day. Conclusions This study suggests that (1) the different category criteria of sitting time, for categories criteria in 1h/d or 2h/d, will help reduce the risk of Cardiovascular risk in some degree and determining to their dose-response relationships. (2) For the 40-49year adult of health, the sitting time threshold is less than 7 h/d, in order to decrease the detrimental effects on metabolic markers associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic system. (3) As well as the sitting time threshold is less than 3 h/d for adding to the negative aging effect on risk of cardiovascular markers.

目的:通过12周不同强度运动干预,从大鼠骨骼肌AMPK∕PGC-1α通路角度,研究运动改善心肺耐力的生物学机制.方法:40只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为安静组、小强度运动组(50％.VO2 max)、中强度运动组(65％.VO2 max)、大强度运动组(80％.VO2 max),每组10只.经3天适应性训练后测试大鼠最大摄氧量.运动组大鼠每天训练1 h,每周5天,共12周.训练期间每隔2周测试一次最大摄氧量.经过12周训练,于最后一次运动后48 h宰杀所有大鼠,取比目鱼肌(右侧).采用RT-qPCR法测定AMPK、PGC-1α基因表达,采用Western blot法测定AMPK、PGC-1α、磷酸化AMPK蛋白表达.结果:65％.VO2 max组和80％.VO2 max组最大摄氧量提升较快,而50％.VO2 max组在干预后期才出现明显升高;12周运动干预后,50％.VO2 max组和80％.VO2 max组PGC-1αmRNA表达显著高于安静组和中强度组(P<0.01),安静组和80％.VO2 max组AMPK mRNA表达显著低于中强度组(P<0.05,P<0.01);运动组PGC-1α蛋白表达高于安静组,其中65％.VO2 max组相比安静组具有显著性差异(P<0.05);AMPK蛋白表达组间相比没有显著差异,但中强度运动组和大强度运动组磷酸化AMPK相比安静组有所增加,大强度运动组增加幅度更大,显著高于安静组和小强度运动组(P<0.05).结论:随着运动强度的增加,骨骼肌磷酸化AMPK表达增加;运动强度越大不代表PGC-1α蛋白表达会越高;中强度运动对AMPK∕PGC-1α信号通路的影响可能更有益于心肺耐力的提升.

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies concerning dysferlin focus on muscle diseases (such as muscular dystrophy), but the relationship between membrane repair after exercise-induced muscle damage and dysferlin is little reported. OBJECTIVE: To observe the cell membrane permeability and expression levels of dysferlin and calpain3 in the rat gastrocnemius after acute eccentric exercise, so as to provide an theoretical reference for exploring the molecular mechanism of muscle regeneration and the exercise therapy of muscular diseases. METHODS: Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups including control, 24, 48 and 72 hours post exercise groups. The membrane permeability and expression levels of dysferlin and calpain3 were determined by immunohistochemistry, western blot assay and qRT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The activity of serum creatine kinase, and expression levels of calpain3 mRNA and dysferlin protein, as well as membrane permeability at 24 hours post exercise were significantly greater than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01). The expression level of dysferlin mRNA at 24 and 48 hours post exercise was significantly higher than that at 72 hours post exercise (P ＜ 0.05). Therefore, the damage to the skeletal muscle cell membrane was the most severe at 24 hours after eccentric exercise. Due to Ca2+influx, expression of calpain3 mRNA was activated, and then the damaged cell membrane was repaired by increasing the expression of dysferlin.