Global aging has increased the risk of falls and functional dependence among elderly people. Aquatic exercise, with its low-impact and multimuscle group activation characteristics, provides a unique physiological stimulation environment for improving the physical functions of the elderly population. However, previous studies have insufficiently integrated multidimensional functional indicators and dose–effect relationships. In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to systematically evaluate the effects of aquatic exercise on the multidimensional physical functions of elderly people and to determine the differential effects of different intervention programs. Databases in both Chinese and English were searched up to April 2025, and 23 RCTs (1179 healthy elderly individuals aged ≥ 60 years) were included. The Cochrane tool was used to assess the risk of bias, and data on intervention programs (type, duration, frequency) and functional indicators were extracted. RevMan 5.4 was used to combine effect sizes (MD and 95

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in skin blood flow regulations between the upper and lower limbs in healthy adults using wavelet analysis of skin blood oscillations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the dominant skin blood flow control of the upper and lower limbs in healthy adults. Methods: Skin blood flow of the forearm and leg was simultaneously measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) in 17 healthy adults. Skin blood flow oscillations were analyzed using wavelet analysis to assess the dominant control among the metabolic endothelial (0.0095-0.02 Hz), neurogenic (0.02-0.05 Hz), myogenic (0.05-0.15 Hz), respiratory (0.15-0.4 Hz), and cardiac (0.4-2 Hz) origins. Results: Skin blood flow in the leg (11.13 +/- 4.90 perfusion unit) was significantly higher than in the forearm (6.90 +/- 2.50 perfusion unit, p < 0.001). The metabolic endothelial control is more dominant in the forearm (1.19 +/- 0.51 au) compared to the leg (0.73 +/- 0.41 au, p < 0.01). The myogenic control is more dominant in the leg (1.18 +/- 0.28 au) compared to the forearm (0.96 +/- 0.18 au, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Through wavelet analysis of skin blood flow oscillations, the results indicate that metabolic endothelial control is more dominant in the forearm (upper limbs) and myogenic control is more dominant in the leg (lower limbs).

Isometric exercise is a non-pharmacologic intervention to improve muscle hemodynamic responses and blood pressure in humans. However, the effects of intensity, duration, and muscle mass factors of isometric exercise on local muscle hemodynamic responses and systemic blood pressure regulation have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to assess whether various modes of isometric exercise could induce various levels of muscle hemodynamic responses that are related to the blood pressure changes. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess muscle hemodynamic responses after 4 isometric exercise protocols in 20 healthy adults. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used to assess the effect of factors of isometric exercise on oxyhemoglobin, deoxy-hemoglobin, blood volume, and oxygenation. For oxygenation, the lowest mean was recorded for the unilateral isometric handgrip exercise at 30% of MVC for 2 min (−0.317 ± 0.379 μM) while the highest mean was observed for the isometric wall squat (1.496 ± 0.498 μM, P < 0.05). Additionally, both the bilateral isometric handgrip exercise at 30% MVC for 1 min (1.340 ± 0.711 μM, P < 0.05) and the unilateral isometric handgrip exercise at 20% MVC for 3 min (0.798 ± 0.324 μM, P < 0.05) are significantly higher than 30% of MVC for 2 min. Blood pressure showed an inverse trend with oxygenation changes of the forearm muscle. The study indicates that the duration and muscle mass of isometric exercise are more effective on oxygenation responses and systematic blood pressure regulation, and suggests that the local muscle oxygenation factor following isometric contractions may mediate systematic blood pressure regulation.

Kinect motion capture technology records body motions, allowing for accurate monitoring and analysis in a variety of fields. This study investigates the intelligent recognition of classroom teaching behaviours by physical fitness instructors through the combination of Kinect sensors and machine learning algorithms. We proposed a novel Crayfish Optimization -driven Adaptive -Weighted AdaBoost (CO-AWAdaBoost) approach for classifying physical fitness instructional behaviours based on body posture data recorded by Kinect sensors. Z score normalization is utilized to pre-process the obtained raw data. In our proposed recognition model, the CO algorithm leverages the natural behaviours of crayfish to optimize the process of feature selection. AdaBoost iteratively trains weak classifiers, assigning higher weights to misclassified samples. Our model can assist with the quantitative assessment of physical fitness classroom instruction, instructive suggestions, and large-scale behavioural investigation. The proposed detection model has been implemented in a Python program. In the results assessment phase, we evaluate our proposed model's effectiveness in classifying physical fitness instructional behaviours using numerous evaluation metrics such as recall, f1 score, precision, and accuracy. During the finding evaluation phase, we thoroughly scrutinize the recognition effectiveness of the suggested model across various parameters, including precision (97.22%), accuracy (98.25%), specificity (97.85%), recall (97.86%), and f1 -sore (97.88%). We also carried out a comparison analysis with other traditional approaches. Our experimental findings demonstrate the reliability of the recommended framework.

To evaluate the effects of different warm-up methods on the acute effect of lower limb explosive strength with the help of a reticulated meta-analysis system and to track the optimal method. R software combined with Stata software, version 13.0, was used to analyse the outcome metrics of the 35 included papers. Mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random effects model. 1) Static combined with dynamic stretching [MD = 1.80, 95

Public fitness service facilities are one of the most important factors affecting national fitness. Analyzing the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of public fitness service facilities is of great significance to optimizing public fitness services. In this paper, using the population concentration index and consistency test, recent proximity index, coupling coordinated development model, buffer analysis, and correlation analysis, combined with ArcGis 10.7 software research, we found that: the site layout of public fitness service facilities in the main urban area of Beijing is relatively reasonable and has good coupling, and each area becomes a cluster trend; In the main urban area of Beijing, the public fitness service facilities and the transportation line are combined better; Public fitness service facilities in the main urban area of Beijing are well combined with schools (kindergartens, primary schools), with schools as the center; The public fitness service facilities in the main urban area of Beijing are well combined with medical sites, and some marginal areas are not covered; Public fitness service facilities in the main urban area in Beijing show uneven distribution when drawing with influential business districts; The layout of public fitness service facilities in the main urban area of Beijing is positively related to the housing price.

背景:心肌缺血再灌注损伤后线粒体功能障碍引发了线粒体氧化应激增加,诱发线粒体介导的细胞过度凋亡,导致线粒体质量控制失调,加重了心肌损伤程度.目的:阐述运动改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤导致的线粒体功能障碍的研究进展,为运动预防和缓解心肌缺血再灌注损伤提供理论依据.方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、CNKI、VIP和万方数据库收录的相关文献.以"运动、线粒体功能障碍、心肌缺血再灌注损伤""氧化应激""凋亡""能量代谢"及"exercise,mitochondrial dysfunction,Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury,oxidative stress,apoptosis,energy metabolism"分别作为中、英文关键词进行文献检索,检索文献时限为2000年1月至2022年1月,系统总结不同运动类型干预心肌缺血再灌注损伤后线粒体功能的相关机制研究.结果 与结论:以心肌线粒体为靶点,发现运动可改善心肌缺血再灌注损伤后线粒体功能障碍,其具体作用如下:运动可降低氧化应激水平,激活线粒体呼吸链促进心肌内线粒体生物发生,减少线粒体介导的细胞过度凋亡,促进线粒体动力学平衡,以及提高线粒体自噬活性控制心肌线粒体质量,以此缓解和帮助心肌损伤和恢复.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study is to re-evaluate the methodological quality and quality of evidence for a systematic evaluation/meta-analysis of the effect of mirror visual feedback therapy on physical function re-education after stroke.METHODS:Systematic evaluations/meta-analyses of mirror visual feedback therapy on physical function re-education after stroke were searched in the China Knowledge Network database, Wanfang database, Vipers database, China Biomedical Literature database, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase using a computer, and the search time frame was up to January 2022. Methodological quality and quality of evidence ratings of the included studies were determined using the AMSTAR2 scale and GRADE classification by two authors.RESULTS:Seventeen publications were included. The evaluation with the AMSTAR2 scale showed that one study had an intermediate quality rating, five had a low-quality rating, and the remaining 11 were all very low quality. The GRADE scale showed 93 outcome indicators, of which 6 were intermediate, 23 were low grades, and the rest were very low grades, with low overall quality.CONCLUSIONS:Mirror visual feedback therapy is efficacious for physical function re-education after stroke and promotes recovery from physical dysfunction, but the methodological quality and quality of evidence from the related systematic evaluations/meta-analyses are low.

目的:探究研发的大课间运动干预方案对中学生体质健康的影响.方法:随机选取一所高中的同一年级的2个平行班级和一所初中的同一年级的2个平行班级作为实验对象.对照组采用学校现有的大课间体育教学方案,实验组采用本研究编制的大课间运动干预方案.运动干预周期为10周,每周2次,每次40分钟,运动强度为中等强度(220-年龄)×(60％-69％),测量实验前(前测)、实验后(后测)两个时间点中学生的体质健康变化.结果:(1)采用三因素重复测量方差分析,发现不同组别中学生实验干预前后的体质健康得分存在显著性差异(p<0.05),后测>前测,且实验组的提升效果好于对照组;(2)采用三因素重复测量方差分析,发现不同学段中学生实验干预前后的体质健康得分存在显著性差异(p<0.05),后测>前测.结论:(1)运动干预能够改善中学生的体质健康现状,具体体现在提升体质健康测试总成绩;(2)运动干预对中学生体质健康的改善具有学段差异性,能够提高初中生仰卧起坐成绩,对高中生仰卧起坐成绩无影响;能够改善高中生肺活量,对初中生肺活量无影响.

目的 运用meta分析统计方法系统评价中医传统功法在2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果.方法 通过检索Web of science、PubMed、中国知网、万方、维普等数据库,根据纳入和排除标准筛选文献,采用RevMan5.3软件对纳入文献进行统计分析.共纳入19篇文献,1331名受试者.结果 中医传统功法能显著改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖(MD=-0.42,95％CI:-0.65～-0.18)、糖化血红蛋白(MD=-0.41,95％CI:-0.67～-0.14)、体重指数(M=-1.93,95％CI:-2.61～-1.25)和甘油三酯水平(MD=-0.38,95％CI:-0.58～-0.19),但总胆固醇(MD=-0.16,95％CI:-0.47～0.14)未见明显改善.亚组分析显示,运动周期2～3个月、运动频率1～3 d/周、运动时间30～60 min/d是效果最佳的运动方案.异质性检验显示,运动方式和年龄可能是异质性来源.结论 中医传统功法有助于2型糖尿病患者控制血糖、体重、糖化血红蛋白等生理生化指标.未来可以从机制变化上深入探讨五禽戏、易筋经等运动方式对患病人群的治疗效果,并控制受试者年龄、性别等变量的影响.

The conventional community sports facility allocation methods have high minimum costs, and a new community sports facility allocation performance optimization method is designed based on a linear programming model in order to reduce the performance capital investment. The standardized community sports facility allocation performance objective function is established, and a pairwise model is built to divide the feasible and optimal solutions, and the feasible solutions and their constraints are found out. Establish a community sports facility configuration performance optimization model, delineate the boundaries of the optimal solution by bifurcation, and set the feasible domain of the performance optimization model. The performance optimization algorithm is designed to improve the speed of community sports facility allocation performance optimization. In the experiment, the method is compared with data-driven method, digital management method, and evolutionary game algorithm, which requires less capital investment in spring, autumn, and winter than digital management method and evolutionary game algorithm, and the minimum capital investment in summer is less than the other three methods. From the above experimental data, it is clear that the performance optimization method has the smallest minimum capital investment and achieves the purpose of reducing the input cost.

目的:采用元分析方法检验运动对轻度认知障碍(MCI)老年人认知功能的干预效果及其调节变量,追踪最优防治方案.方法:确定文献纳入与排除标准,检索中英文6个数据库,收集运动对MCI老年人认知功能干预的随机对照实验.运用"Stata12.0"软件对所纳入25篇文献的2400例受试者的结局指标进行分析.结果:1)运动干预能起到延缓MCI老年人认知功能衰退的效果,合并效应量WMD=1.63,95％为CI(1.23,2.02),p<0.01.2)干预效果受到干预时间(I2=95.1％)、干预频率(I2=89.4％)、干预周期(I2=84.6％)的显著调节作用,其中效应量最显著的要素是单次35～50 min、每周4次以上、持续5～7月,p值均<0.05.3)干预内容(I2=65.2％)、文献质量(I2=50.2％)、样本量(I2=57.8％)对干预效果有一定调节作用,其中有氧运动和抗阻运动、A级文献、30例以下样本效应量最显著,p值均<0.05.4)发表年限(I2=17.2％)的调节作用不明显.结论:运动干预能延缓轻度认知障碍老年人的认知功能衰退,干预效果受到多种变量的调节作用.有氧运动或抗阻运动,单次锻炼35～50 min,每周锻炼4次以上,持续锻炼5～7月的干预效果最佳.未来研究需重视样本量的科学估算,并严格遵循实验规范提高研究质量.

需要层次理论是从人类动机的角度出发研究人类自身需要的重要理论,体现"以人为本"的重要思想.本文运用文献资料等研究方法构建出包括3个一级指标、12个二级指标、40个三级指标的中学生健身锻炼能力评价指标体系,运用层次分析法求得该评价指标体系各指标的权重系数,并且经过探索性和验证性因素分析,中学生健身锻炼能力评价模型具有较好的信效度,能够满足研究需要.该评价指标体系能够为教育管理部门客观评价中学生健身锻炼能力提供依据,也能为中学生进行健身锻炼能力自我评价以及改进提高提供参考.

目的 探讨阻血下运动锻炼对缓解老年人下肢肌萎缩、改善下肢力量及功能的作用效果.方法 系统检索Web of Science、PubMed、EBSCO host、中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方等数据库,检索截止日期为2020年12月.采用Review Manager5.3软件对纳入文献结局指标进行统计分析.结果 共纳入20篇文献(21项研究),261例受试者.Meta分析结果显示,阻血下运动锻炼可显著增加老年人下肢股四头肌横截面积(CSA)〔MD=1.58,95％CI:0.33～2.82,P=0.01000〕、大腿围度〔MD=0.73,95％CI:0.08～1.38,P=0.03000〕、1RM力量〔MD=16.79,95％CI:6.29～27.29,P<0.01000〕、膝关节伸等速力矩〔MD=10.28,95％CI:8.34～12.21,P<0.00001〕、膝关节屈等速力矩〔MD=9.92,95％CI:6.51～13.33,P<0.00001〕、30 s椅子坐起次数〔MD=3.71,95％CI:3.10～4.32,P<0.00001〕及计时起立-行走功能表现〔MD=-0.67,95％CI:-0.94～-0.41,P<0.00001〕.结论 低强度运动锻炼结合血流限制不仅可缓解下肢衰老性肌萎缩,还可显著提高老年人下肢肌肉力量和功能性表现.

采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,理清青少年健身锻炼能力的结构层次、价值意蕴及实践路径.结果:(1)青少年健身锻炼能力包括健身锻炼基本能力层次、实践能力层次及拓展能力层次;(2)青少年健身锻炼能力3层次结构是根据青少年自身的健身锻炼能力需求所构建,能够更好地体现青少年身心发展规律及健身锻炼能力发展顺序.结论:本研究可为青少年健身锻炼能力相关政策提供参考,促进青少年健身锻炼文化在校园的孕育,促进校园健身锻炼活动开展,为青少年健身锻炼能力评价提供借鉴.

Disability is a component of social relations and the existence of social reality. An effective solution to the problem of persons with disabilities is a measure of human civilization and social progress. The strength of the implementation of disability policy is the key to the realization of the original intention of "effectively solving the problem of disabled persons and promoting their development". The purpose of this paper is to study the physical fitness evaluation system and medical rehabilitation strategies of physically handicapped adolescents with natural language processing technology. It mainly adopts literature research, interview and comparative analysis. Taking the rehabilitation policy for the disabled as the research starting point, the current situation of mental health of physically disabled adolescents will be examined, and the influence of physical exercise attitude and exercise level on mental health will be explored. And by comparing the difference in physical exercise level and mental health of physically handicapped youth and able-bodied youth, the effect of physical exercise on mental health of physically handicapped youth is further explained. This paper selects a total of 760 physically disabled students and able-bodied students from a secondary school as subjects, and uses research methods such as questionnaire survey and computer test to investigate the current situation of mental health of physically disabled adolescents and the relationship between physical exercise and mental health. The experimental results show that the spatiotemporal judgment experiment uses pixel difference as an indicator, and the judgment error of limb residual limbs is significantly larger than that of healthy limbs (p < 0.01). In the span of spatial location memory, the grades of the limb-restrained students were significantly lower than that of the able-bodied students (p < 0.05).

Review question / Objective: (1)Subjects are mostly athletes in various sports;(2)The study subjects were divided into the injured and uninjured groups through long follow-up observations, the YBT anterior differential, posterior internal differential, and posterior external differential were used to define the risk of injury;(3)Studies that can impute or 2×2 lists that directly give data on the number of true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives.;(4)Thetype of study included was a prospective cohort study.Condition being studied: Research has shown that abnormal dynamic balance is an important mechanism affecting sports performance and injury risk, and is commonly used clinically to assess the risk of lower limb sports injuries and as a criterion for athletes returning to competition after injury.In the ongoing search for methods and models to predict sports injuries based on performance or athletic ability, the Y Balance Test has received much attention for its ability to provide a more comprehensive picture of a subject's dynamic balance, muscle strength and joint mobility.However, its validity in predicting sports injuries has been controversial, not only because of its own characteristics, but also because of the research methods and perspectives of different researchers.Therefore, it is important to critically analyse the high quality research results and to summarise the commonalities.

智障儿童青少年的健康问题越来越被社会所关注.采用针对性的干预措施,提高智障儿童青少年基本运动技能,对于促进其体力、心理、认知发展及提升其社会参与度等具有重要意义.研究利用Web of Science、EBSCO、Pub Med等8个数据库,搜索了国内外1990-2020年间发表的有关智障儿童青少年基本运动技能干预的文献,从人口统计学特征、文献质量、实验设计、干预方法、测评工具、干预结果等方面进行了分析,并在此基础上为后续干预研究提出了反思与展望.