Based on the framework of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, this study takes Hainan Province of China as a typical case. It evaluates a comprehensive sustainable development assessment system covering six dimensions: economic development, social welfare, resources and environment, consumption and emission, governance and protection, and agricultural development through the entropy method. It quantifies the sustainable development levels of the entire province from 2015 to 2023 and of 18 cities and counties in 2023 using cluster analysis. It also analyzes the mechanism of the local government’s role through policy text analysis. The study shows that, firstly, the comprehensive sustainable development level of Hainan Province has been steadily rising. Economic development, social welfare, resources and environment, and consumption and emission have generally improved, but the governance and protection and agricultural development indicators have shown significant phased fluctuations. Secondly, in 2023, the sustainable development levels of cities and counties in Hainan Province presented a “stepwise distribution” spatial differentiation feature. Central cities such as Haikou and Sanya have developed ahead, while the development in the central and western regions has been relatively moderate. Thirdly, local governments have achieved multi-dimensional goal coordination through policies such as industrial structure optimization and ecological compensation mechanisms. The study suggests that while strengthening the leading role of local governments, it is necessary to build a multi-party collaborative mechanism involving enterprises, social organizations, and the public to address the regional imbalance in the implementation of SDGs.

Strengthening the governance capacity of local governments in the digital domain is crucial to the modernization of the national governance system and the process of sustainable development. This paper integrates the concept of sustainable development drawing upon the principles of systems theory and adopts the logical analytical framework of “resource input–process transformation–result output” to construct a digital governance capacity indicator system for local governments. The focus is on three dimensions: basic resource input, network public opinion management, and digital service effectiveness. Using statistical data from the digital governance capacity indicators of 14 cities and prefectures in Hunan Province from 2018 to 2022 as a case study, we base our analysis on the index system constructed herein. Employing the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method and the obstacle degree model, we evaluate and analyze the digital governance capacity of the government in Hunan Province. Our findings indicate that the government’s digital governance capacity in Hunan Province has been on a rising trend overall. However, there are noticeable regional disparities in the strength of digital governance capacity across western, northern, central, and southern Hunan, particularly in terms of digital service effectiveness, which presents the most significant barriers to improvement. These results suggest that local governments should tailor their efforts to enhance digital governance capacity around resource allocation based on regional differences, the establishment of an online public opinion monitoring system, the optimization of government information disclosure mechanisms, the performance of government service platforms, and the strengthening of a two-way communication mechanism between the government and the public.

"互联网+政务服务"是政府主动适应数字经济的治理创新,是全面落实放管服改革的抓手.为探究"互联网+政务服务"如何从提升政府治理效能,向外拓展到促进数字经济健康有序发展,从放管服理论出发研究"互联网+政务服务"对数字经济的影响,并引入政府数据开放、营商环境及信息基础设施作为中介变量,以中国内地31个省级行政区为研究对象展开实证分析.研究发现:"互联网+政务服务"显著促进数字经济发展,且政府数据开放、营商环境及信息基础设施在其中具有完全中介作用.因此,制定数字经济发展策略时,要重视利用"互联网+政务服务"来加强政府经济职能的发挥,还要加强政府数据开放、优化营商环境以及加快布局数字经济信息基础设施.

世界百年未有之大变局呼唤公共治理的变革,地方政府治理的创新扩散成为当代中国治理体系和治理能力现代化的缩影.适应性与激励性是地方政府创新扩散的重要动力,往往相互交织,共同发力.但既有研究大多将二者的影响分割开来探讨,忽视了对二者共同作用的扩散机理研究.事实上,地方政府创新扩散背后存在着由适应性与激励性不同强弱状况匹配形成的差异化扩散模式,即先行模式、纠错模式、扩面模式和全面模式.四种模式的作用机理在多案例比较分析中得到了验证,解释了地方政府创新扩散的多重行动逻辑及扩散结果差异.未来,可以从完善激励和容错机制、加强央地创新互动、增进地方之间创新交流等方面着手,进一步提升有益创新成果的扩散效能.

With the recent trend toward collaborative governance, governmental and nongovernmental actors are actively engaged in the environmental governance in China, forming formal and informal networks in this process. While existing research has mostly examined the formation of either formal or informal networks, few studies have examined the influence of formal networks on the formation of informal networks. This article examines the collaborative environmental governance network in China by studying the relationship between formal networks and informal networks. We conduct the research in the empirical context of local water governance in Dongguan city of Guangdong province, China. With survey data collected from 31 municipal departments, 32 town governments, 9 water-related private business and 5 NGOs, we test the hypothesis with Quadratic Assignment Procedure (QAP) regression analysis. The results indicate that formal network does affect and contribute to the formation of informal network, and actors within the formal network are more likely to build informal relationships in environmental governance.

Disruptions on critical infrastructure systems (CISs) might affect their normal operation and cause severe social and economic impact. The rapid recovery of post-disaster CISs is crucially important. Based on the authors’ previous work on the deterministic formulation of the repair sequencing decision problem of post-disaster CISs under limited repair resources, this paper considers the uncertainty of the repair time of damaged components and proposes a two-stage stochastic model. To solve the stochastic model, a scenario generation and reduction method is first used to generate a limited number of repair time scenarios, and then an efficient enumeration algorithm is proposed for small-scale disruptions and adopted as a module in a heuristic algorithm for large-scale disruptions. Numerical experiments on three systems are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. Results show that the proposed algorithm can be applied to the recovery decision of large-scale CISs with extensive disruptions. In addition, results show that for most instances, the stochastic solution solved using a limited number of repair time scenarios might be worse than the solution solved from the deterministic model when judging the two solutions by a huge number of repair time scenarios to sufficiently capture the repair time uncertainty.

科技安全是新时代科技工作的重大任务之一.现有研究数量较少,又缺乏国外经验借鉴,使得维护国家科技安全成为一个"无人区",跨过"无人区"需要方向指引.本文研读了与科技安全相关的所有文献,分析了研究的总体情况,归纳整理了研究的具体成果,结合其他信息,对研究及实践的现状及存在的问题进行了总结,展望了中国科技安全研究及实践需解决的关键问题.本研究呈现的中国科技安全研究及实践图景,可为认识中国科技安全研究的历史、研究及实践的现状和未来方向设置提供参考.

[研究目的]基于官方和民间双视角开展风险沟通研究,可以弥补已有研究视角单一的问题,体现"沟通"的本质.[研究方法]以新冠肺炎疫情为案例,采用文本挖掘和主题建模方法,对《人民日报》微博账号@人民日报的报道内容和公众评论进行话语分析.[研究结论]两个话语场表现出了均衡的双向影响力,展现出"共识-分歧-下一个共识"的互动模式.但是两个话语场仍然存在信息供求不匹配、议程分化等问题.这有待官方进一步利用技术赋能,建立良好的沟通机制,推动双方走出对话盲区,谋求意义共通.

Background: Digital transformation has become a key intervention strategy for the global response to the COVID-19 epidemic, and digital technology is helping cities recover from the COVID-19 epidemic. However, the effects of urban digital transformation on the recovery from the COVID-19 epidemic still lack mechanism analyses and empirical testing. This study aimed to explain the theoretical mechanism of urban digital transformation on the recovery from the COVID-19 epidemic and to test its effectiveness using an empirical analysis. Methods: This study, using a theoretical and literature-based analysis, summarizes the impact mechanisms of urban digital transformation on the recovery of cities from the COVID-19 epidemic. A total of 83 large- and medium-sized cities from China are included in the empirical research sample, covering most major cities in China. The ordinary least squares (OLS) method is adopted to estimate the effect of China's urban digitalization level on population attraction in the second quarter of 2020. Results: The theoretical analysis found that urban digital transformation improves the ability of cities to recover from the COVID-19 epidemic by promoting social communication, collaborative governance, and resilience. The main findings of the empirical analysis show that the digital level of a city has a significant positive effect on urban population attraction (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A positive relationship was found between urban digital transformation and the rapid recovery of cities from the COVID-19 epidemic. Digital inventions for social communication, collaborative governance, and urban resilience are an effective way of fighting the COVID-19 emergency.

工信部在全国范围内部署国家制造业创新中心,是推动先进制造业创新发展的重要举措,由此引发对该政策效果的讨论.为评估国家制造业创新中心设立对相应领域的促进效应,以湖北为典型对象展开事件研究设计,基于2016—2019年季度省际面板数据,采用双重差分法识别国家制造业创新中心设立对湖北省先进制造业的推动效果.结果表明,国家制造业创新中心设立的确能显著推动所处领域的当地产业发展.进一步检验发现,通过创新投入扩张的中介机制,该政策对集成电路制造业产出的促进效应最大,其次是金属冶炼设备和金属切削加工业.基于创新载体功能定位,发现创新中心建设能有效激励创新活动,服务于区域内先进制造业核心产业集群发展.

Based on a theoretical explanation of the impact of smart city construction on the supply of basic public services, this paper takes the smart city pilot policy of China launched in 2012 as a quasi-natural experiment, using the panel data of 173 prefecture-level cities from 2008 to 2019. This paper empirically tests the impact of smart city construction on the provision level of basic public services using a differences-indifferences model, and analyze the heterogeneity. The findings are as follows: the construction of smart cities can significantly improve the provision level of basic public services, and this result still holds after robustness tests such as the propensity score matching and changing time windows; heterogeneity analysis shows that the larger the population size of a city, the greater the impact of its smart city construction on the provision level of its basic public services. Therefore, government departments should perform their functions, give full play to the role of smart city construction in improving the supply of basic public services, implement differentiated smart city construction plans based on local conditions, and provide basic public services of higher quality.

Retrofitting critical components of a critical infrastructure system to improve its seismic performance has been considered as the most frequently used mitigation strategy in both literature and practice. This article mainly studies this mitigation strategy and formulates the seismic retrofit optimization problem for critical infrastructure systems under a limited retrofit budget in a general form, and then proposes a heuristic method to solve the problem efficiently in terms of the optimality gap and the computational cost. The proposed method mainly includes three steps: (1) generates a limited number of component damage scenarios to reformulate the problem as an approximated model; (2) adopts a component importance‐based method to reduce the solution space and applies the integer L‐shaped method to solve the approximated model; (3) employs the sample average approximation method to enhance the solution quality. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, it is applied to identify the optimal retrofit strategies for the Shelby power transmission system, the IEEE 14‐bus test system, and the IEEE 118‐bus test system and also compared with several existing methods. Results show that the proposed method is significantly more efficient than those existing methods. For the IEEE 14‐bus test system, the proposed method gets almost exact solutions, with errors less than 0.29%; for the other two systems, it returns the best solutions among all methods under various retrofit budgets.

城市管理智能化转型是构建新型智慧城市的必要阶段.传统智慧城市建设的重心在于以技术手段促使城市管理各部门实现信息化.在城市居民对未来更加便捷、智能和美好生活的向往下,以及在移动互联网、大数据、云计算、物联网、5G和人工智能技术等新一代信息技术蓬勃发展的今天,城市管理的目标不再局限于部门信息化,而是要在基础设施建设不断完善的基础上,进一步将大数据、人工智能等新兴技术与城市应用深度融合以实现智能决策,并构建城市公共服务系统框架以实现部门协同,从而推动智慧城市建设从数字化阶段向智能化阶段转型.本研究结合城市管理的发展态势与最新研究进展,基于国家自然科学基金管理科学部"十四五"发展战略优先领域"城市管理的智能化转型"专家会议的研讨,系统梳理了城市管理智能化转型过程中的典型科学研究问题,总结其主要研究方向包括:1)城市管理数字资源的开放管理与共享;2)公共管理大数据智能决策;3)智慧城市公共服务系统框架建设和体制机制创新研究这三个重要研究方向,为相关研究者提供借鉴与参考.

行政审批制度改革以优化、整合审批服务为目标,但审批服务碎片化现象依然存在,影响改革顺利推进及其目标达成.本文根据整体性治理理论,基于制度、技术、动力和文化四个维度构建整体性审批服务分析框架,并基于实地调研,以A市工程建设项目审批服务为例,对审批服务碎片化表征、根源及破解思路进行分析和讨论.由于制度环境、技术环境、动力结构和行政文化等方面的原因,审批服务碎片化现象较明显,主要表现在审批标准、审批权限、服务数据以及监管等四个维度.为提供整体性审批服务,应从优化审批制度、完善标准体系、促进数据共享、增强需求感知、促进供需双向发力等方面采取措施.本文有利于促进审批服务的整体性供给,提升服务质量,优化营商环境,也有利于工程建设项目顺利落地,推动城市经济向好发展,为其他城市深化行政审批改革提供借鉴和参考.

新冠疫情的爆发让社区治理得到越来越多的关注和重视,而社区治理政策作为推进社区治理现代化的方向引领和重要抓手,是解决社区治理问题、达成社区治理目标、推动社区治理发展最直接有效的工具,社区治理能力也与社区治理政策体系的实施与完善息息相关.运用政策文献量化和内容分析法,以1989年到2020年初国家层面颁布的102份与社区治理相关的政策作为研究对象,分析了我国社区治理政策的阶段演变、颁布主体、文种类型、主题词,并对出现频次较多的社区公共卫生与疾病预防、社区矫正与法制宣传、社区综合治理、社区服务以及社会保障与社区福利等五个重点内容进行了深入分析,最后对今后我国社区治理政策发展提出了进一步的展望.

通过设置综合审批机构、业务重组、流程再造、数据共享、一站式服务来实现"互联网+行政审批"是各地在新时代推进行政审批体制改革的普遍经验,并取得了实质性的进展.该项改革有助于提高审批效率,激发市场活力,改善城市营商环境.但从武汉市改革的实践来看,仍然存在审批权责不明确、"信息孤岛"、一体化政务平台设计和使用困难、审批信息存在安全隐患等问题,在一定程度上制约了改革效果.而整体治理理论所要解决的问题,包括其治理理念、治理手段、治理目标与我国行政审批改革所要解决的问题以及改革理念、改革手段、改革目标相契合,可以为深入推进改革,建设数字政府,优化城市政务服务提供经验和路径参考.

本文通过多案例研究总结大数据企业个人信息泄露这一类型事件,同时将根因分析法引入问题研究中,运用流程图、 亲和图、 鱼骨图以及帕累托分析等工具,分析得出造成80％大数据企业个人信息泄露事件的原因,并根据研究结果提出政策建议.研究发现,个人信息保护意识淡薄、 企业管理漏洞、立法不完善以及外部攻击是解决个人信息泄露问题首先需要关注的问题.因此,建议国家完善个人信息保护立法,政府应加强宣传教育以提高公民信息保护意识,企业完善信息管理机制并加强信息平台防御.

Since December 2019, more than 79,000 people have been diagnosed with infection of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). A large number of medical staff was sent to Wuhan city and Hubei province to aid COVID-19 control. Psychological stress, especially vicarious traumatization caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, should not be ignored. To address this concern, the study employed a total of 214 general public and 526 nurses (i.e., 234 front-line nurses and 292 non-front-line nurses) to evaluate vicarious traumatization scores via a mobile app-based questionnaire. Front-line nurses are engaged in the process of providing care for patients with COVID-19. The results showed that the vicarious traumatization scores for front-line nurses including scores for physiological and psychological responses, were significantly lower than those of non-front-line nurses (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the vicarious traumatization scores of the general public were significantly higher than those of the front-line nurses (P < 0.001); however, no statistical difference was observed compared to the scores of non-front-line nurses (P > 0.05). Therefore, increased attention should be paid to the psychological problems of the medical staff, especially non-front-line nurses, and general public under the situation of the spread and control of COVID-19. Early strategies that aim to prevent and treat vicarious traumatization in medical staff and general public are extremely necessary.

我国边疆地区异质性和地缘性的特点给其治理带来独特的风险挑战,边疆地区治理成为国家治理体系和治理能力现代化过程中所要面临的一个独特的中国治理情景.边疆地区网络安全面临着意识形态话语权争夺、工具化和目的化并存的恐怖主义威胁等一系列具有多元性、关联性和涌现性特点的挑战,造成边疆地区网络安全治理过程中多元主体难以形成共识、网络治理软实力薄弱、网络基础设施安全风险高以及“管制治理”和“生态治理”两种相对矛盾的治理模式等困难.需要通过构建边疆多民族地区网上同心圆,增强边疆地区网络安全治理软实力,加强边疆地区关键信息基础设施安全,构建更具韧性的网络生态环境等方式来提升网络安全治理能力.

本文利用社会科学引文索引(SSCI)数据库检索过去15年间(2000-2014年)国际公共管理研究文献发表情况,通过对中国大陆公共管理研究发表规模、影响力和科学计量指标(包括中国国际文献发表份额、增长率、影响力和权威期刊表现)的考察,系统报告了中国大陆公共管理研究表现.同时,本文也分析了中国大陆公共管理研究国际发表的国际合作者和国内贡献者.研究结果显示,中国大陆公共管理研究的数量和质量稳步上升,大陆学者开始与国际同行扮演同等重要的角色.本文还讨论了国际化给中国公共管理带来的机遇和挑战.