为研究日粮中添加新鲜胡萝卜对种黄牛生产性能的影响,本试验选取18头健康且性成熟的雄性西门塔尔、夏洛莱和娟姗牛,随机分为2组,对照组9头(基础日粮)和试验组9头(基础日粮+2.5 kg胡萝卜),进行为期120 d的饲养试验.观察对种黄牛体重、采精量、鲜精活力和密度的影响.结果表明,试验组采精量和鲜精活力显著高于对照组,体重和鲜精密度变化不大.在饲喂期时试验组的采精量显著高于对照组,停喂期试验组鲜精活力显著高于对照组.综上所述,在基础日粮中添加胡萝卜能够明显改善种黄牛的精液品质,提高生产性能.

油菜是我国第一大油料作物.近年来,除油用外,油菜的菜用、饲用、肥用、花用和蜜用等功能被不断开发和整合,大大提升了油菜的种植效益[1-3].通过研究、示范和实践,形成了多种利用模式,并建立了相应的技术体系.

Dairy industry of China is in dilemma during recent years, which expose the stale dairy industry development pattern. In traditional dairy industry, the several related sections are not well integrated. The dairy industry development dilemma in Hubei province is exacerbate because of the rainstorm disaster and the environmental conservation. During this situation, several dairy farms make great effort to explore the efficient developing pattern. Some large dairy farm have successfully executed the "Dairy Industry Integration" pattern. Meanwhile, a few of medium dairy farm implement the "Breeding + Milk bar" pattern, which promoted the dairy farm development.

根据湖北省某公牛站的引种流程和生产管理规范建立风险评估模型,定性评估该站2017年经引种发生口蹄疫的风险.结果显示,经引种发生口蹄疫的风险为"非常低",不确定性为"中".根据评估结果,建议公牛站在引种过程中增加对引进种公牛的强化免疫,增加非结构蛋白抗体检测和病原学检测,严格按照产地检疫规程申报检疫,按照规范程序引种,严格落实消毒措施,以确保引进种公牛健康.同时,建议定期开展全群监测,尤其是加强对供精牛群隐性带毒感染的监测,以确保精液的质量和安全.

Buffalo is the second largest resource of milk supply in the world.Buffalo milk is well known for its high quality,however,the total milk yield is relatively low.It is very important to breed dairy buffalo by performing molecular selected methods to improve milk production traits.two strategies were generally applied in the breeding system,one is the candidate gene strategy.Eleven candidate genes were investigated in buffalo including STAT1,A2M,GHRL,DGAT1,STAT5A,BTN,OXT,LEP,TG,MTNR1A and CSN1S1.The other strategy is the genome-wide association study(GWAS).GWAS has been applied in buffalo research very recently although it has been widely used in Holstein cows.Further study on molecular marker of buffalo milk production traits will improve milk production traits of buffalo.It will also facility specific dairy buffalo breeding.

地中海水牛分布在意大利地中海沿岸,是目前世界上河流型水牛中产奶性能最好的乳肉兼用品种之一,由于其出色的产奶生产性能在我国南方地区普遍称之为地中海奶水牛.发展地中海奶水牛产业已成为南方优质乳业发展方向的一个重要方向.牛人工授精技术的应用使地中海奶水牛得以快速发展的关键,而牛人工受精技术必须依靠优质的地中海种公牛冻精,如何提高地中海种公牛生产性能已经成为南方种公牛站着重要思考的问题.本文以地中海种公牛为研究对象,从地中海水牛的生理特点出发,对地中海种公牛水牛的选育、营养与日常管理、生产合理利用、防疫和疾病防治等方面进行探讨,以期提高地中海种公牛的生产性能.

Objective To investigate physiological and anti-nociceptive effects of electroacupuncture (EA) with lidocaine epidural nerve block in goats.Study design Prospective experimental trial.Animals Forty-eight hybrid male goats weighing 27 +/- 2 kg.Methods The goats were randomly assigned to six groups: L2.2, epidural lidocaine (2.2 mg kg(-1)); L4.4, epidural lidocaine (4.4 mg kg(-1)); EA; EA-L1.1, EA with epidural lidocaine (1.1 mg kg(-1)); EA-L2.2, EA with epidural lidocaine (2.2 mg kg(-1)); and EA-L4.4, EA with epidural lidocaine (4.4 mg kg(-1)). EA was administered for 120 minutes. Epidural lidocaine was administered 25 minutes after EA started. Nociceptive thresholds of flank and thigh regions, abdominal muscle tone, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (f(R)) and rectal temperature were recorded at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes.Results Lidocaine dose-dependently increased nociceptive thresholds. There were no differences in nociceptive thresholds between L4.4 and EA from 30 to 120 minutes. The threshold in EA-L2.2 was lower than in EA-L4.4 from 30 to 120 minutes, but higher than in EA-L1.1 from 30 to 150 minutes or in L4.4 from 30 to 180 minutes. The abdominal muscle tone in EA-L2.2 was higher at 30 minutes, but lower at 90 and 120 minutes than at 0 minutes. There were no differences in muscle tone between L4.4 and L2.2 or EA-L4.4, and between any two of the three EA-lidocaine groups from 0 to 180 minutes. The fR and HR decreased in L4.4 at 60 and 90 minutes compared with 0 minutes. No differences in fR, HR, MAP and temperature among the groups occurred from 30 to 180 minutes.Conclusions and clinical relevance EA combined with 2.2 mg kg(-1) epidural lidocaine provides better antinociceptive effect than 4.4 mg kg(-1) epidural lidocaine alone in goats. EA provided antinociception and allowed a decrease in epidural lidocaine dose.

This study aimed to evaluate the safety of Manhuning oral liquid and to provide safety basis for clinical treatment.A total of 120 chickens of 14 days old were selected.After one week of adaptive feeding,they were evenly and randomly divided into four groups:one time the therapeutic dose (T1),three times the therapeutic dose (T2),five times the therapeutic dose (T3) and control (CK).In different groups,the chickens were fed with Manhuning oral liquid according to the set doses for one week.At the beginning and at the end of the experiment,total 10 chickens were selected randomly from each group,respectively.They were weighed,and their blood was sampled for determination of routine blood indexes and examination of liver and kidney function.Organ indexes were determined,and pathological examination was conducted for the heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney of the chickens.The results showed that the body mass gain and organ indexes differed insignificantly among different groups (P＞0.05).No significant differences were found in the routine blood indexes,serum ALT activity,albumin content,creatinine content and urea content among different groups before and after the experiment (P＞0.05).After the administration,the heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney of the chickens showed no obvious abnormalities.In short,Manhuning oral liquid had little impact on the physiological and biochemical indexes and had no toxic effects on the heart,liver,spleen,lung and kidney of chickens,and it is a low-toxicity safe veterinary drug preparation.

近年来，我国奶业出现了“卖奶难”、“倒奶杀牛”等现象，极大影响了奶业的健康发展。本文从养殖观念、产业结构、养殖模式和乳制品加工等角度，深度剖析了我国奶业中存在的问题及根源，并为解决这些问题提出了切实可行的方案。

牛的精液冷冻保存技术已较成熟，其商品化的精液冷冻稀释液也很多，而水牛的精液稀释液大多还是沿用奶牛和黄牛的，但是近年来关于水牛精液冷冻稀释液的研究也逐渐开展。文章对最新水牛的精液冷冻稀释液成分的研究现状进行了综述，期望在实际生产中对水牛精液的冷冻保存提供一些参考。

本研究比较了几种糖类对水牛精液冷冻保存的效果，以筛选出适于水牛精液冷冻保存的糖类保护剂。在水牛精液冷冻稀释液中分别添加半乳糖、果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖，观察并比较它们对水牛精液冷冻保存的效果。试验结果表明：在原Tris-柠檬酸钠-鸡卵黄-甘油基础稀释液中，加入果糖能较显著提高水牛精子冻后的活力和顶体完整率（P<0.05），加入半乳糖、蔗糖与葡萄糖没有显著差异（P>0.05）。

本文简述了牛常见的体表寄生虫病的种类及危害,通过从加强饲养管理、做好环境卫生、定期驱虫和药物治疗等方面总结了牛体表寄生虫病的防治关键点,以供畜牧兽医工作者参考.

从提高DHI的数据准确性、缩短DHI报告的生成时间、加强DHI报告的解读能力和落实DHI报告的应用等方面，给出了具体措施和相应建议，对DHI在奶牛场的普及起到了积极的推广作用。

为了探讨气温、品种、采精次数对种公牛精液品质的影响,笔者从2010-2012年连续3年对本站的黄牛和水牛进行观察和试验,以采精量、鲜精活力、密度为指标对生产记录进行统计分析.结果表明,高温对种公牛的鲜精活力影响很大,尤其是影响持续性使得9、10月份鲜精活力平均只有31.42％和37.96％;西门塔尔种公牛年产量最高,但不耐热；对种公牛每头每日采精2次,第2次活力比第1次好.

近年来,奶牛和肉牛养殖数量逐年增加,牛相关疾病的发生率升高,其中腐蹄病成为影响牛场生产的重要疾病之一.从牛腐蹄病治疗的外科处理、患蹄药浴和中药治疗方面进行了综述,以期为牛腐蹄病的临床治疗提供借鉴.

畜牧业是农业、农村经济的主导产业,是稳民心、安天下的重要产业,也是农民增收的主要门路之一.湖北省畜牧业在"十一五"期间抓住市场机遇和政策机遇,以规模化和标准化为突破口,积极探索转变畜牧业发展方式之路,在政策的强力支持和市场利好的带动下,发展势头足、趋势好,产业实现了提档升级,在保障市场有效供给和促进农民增收中的作用越来越重要,已进入一个新阶段,站在了新起点,处在跨越式发展的机遇期.

湖北省30年的人工受精推广工作,全省养殖户已普遍认识到人工受精可减少公猪饲养量,减少疫病的传播,但在推广过程中也存在种公猪质量难以保证,定价机制不规范,品改员技术水平参差不齐,操作不规范等问题,作者针对这些问题提出了一系列改进措施。

Objective The physiological and biochemical effect of electroacupuncture anesthesia combined with xylidinothiazoline in goats was studied in this paper.Method Thirty adult hybrid goats,weighting 22-27 kg,were divided into 0.5 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group,2 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group,electroacupuncture combined with 0.5 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group,electroacupuncture group and control group.Each group had six goats,which were equally divided between male and female.At 0,5,25,45,65 and 85 min after the goats were gaven injection of xylidinothiazoline (0.5 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group and 2 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group) or at 0,25,45,65,85 and 105 min after the goats were subjected to electroacupuncture (electroacupuncture group or electroacupuncture combined with 0.5 mg·kg-1 xylidinothiazoline group) the iontophoresis of potassium was used to observe the pain threshold.At the same time,heart rate,mean arterial blood pressure,respiratory rate,body temperature and other physiological indicators were observed.Before the experiment and at 1.5,24,48,96 and 168 h after the experiment,the goat serum was collected for measuring alamine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities,and concentrations of urea,blood sugar and cortisol.Result The pain threshold of goats underwent electroacupuncture plus xylidinothiazoline at 0.5 mg·kg-1 was higher than that of goats administered xylidinothiazoline at 0.5 mg·kg-1 or goats received electro-acupuncture alone (P0.05),and had no significant difference from that of goats given xylidinothiazoline at 2 mg·kg-1 (P 0.05).Respiratory rate,mean arterial blood pressure,aspartate aminotransferase activity,and concentrations of serous glucose,urea and cortisol in goats that received electroacupuncture combined with xylidinothiazoline at 0.5 mg·kg-1 were not different (P0.05) from those in the control goats,while aspartate aminotransferase activity,and concentrations of glucose,urea and cortisol in goats given xylidinothiazoline at 0.5 mg·kg-1 or 2 mg·kg-1 alone were different (P0.05) from those in the controls.Electroacupuncture plus xylidinothiazoline at 0.5 mg·kg-1 affected heart rate,body temperature and alamine aminotransferase activity less than (P0.05) xylidinothiazoline administration at 0.5 mg·kg-1 or 2 mg·kg-1 alone did.Conclusion Electroacupuncture combined with xylidinothiazoline is better for goat anesthesia and has small interference to the goat physiological and biochemical indicators.

直肠憩室是直肠壁局部向外膨出形成的囊状突出.直肠憩室影响患犬排便.使直肠积粪,消化功能紊乱;较大的直肠憩室可致直肠肌层破损甚至穿孔,引起直肠黏膜发炎.华中农业大学动物医学院自2003年-2008年共收治此类病例47例,有单侧发病,也有双侧同发,患犬多为老龄雄性犬.

椎间盘突出症是犬的常见病,临床上表现为疼痛、共济失调、麻木、运动障碍或感觉运动麻痹等。论文通过对200多例临床病例的治疗经验总结,阐述了中西医结合治疗犬椎间盘突出症是一种有效、经济的治疗方法。