Illustration of the mechanism of NbC/TA–GelMA hydrogel with multifunctional properties for potential application in oral mucosal impairment.

目的 研究两种车针去除正畸黏接剂对牙釉质表面粗糙度的影响.方法 收集20颗来自于哈尔滨医科大学口腔医学院口腔颌面外科的离体前磨牙,原子力显微镜下检测牙釉质表面形貌及初始粗糙度(平均粗糙度、均方根粗糙度).托槽黏接于牙冠颊面中心,在蒸馏水中储存24 h,去除托槽后随机分为两组:超细金刚砂车针组与30刃钨钢车针组(n=10).在高速涡轮手机下分别使用超细金刚砂车针和30刃钨钢车针去除正畸黏接剂,记录操作时间.然后再次用原子力显微镜检测牙釉质表面形貌及表面粗糙度,比较两组车针去除正畸黏接剂时间以及去除正畸黏接剂后牙釉质表面粗糙度的变化.结果 两种车针去除正畸黏接剂的时间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);两种车针去除正畸黏接剂后牙釉质表面粗糙度均增加(P＜0.05),但与超细金刚砂车针组比较,30刃钨钢车针组的牙釉质表面粗糙度较小(P＜0.05).结论30刃钨钢车针能有效去除正畸黏接剂,对牙釉质表面的损伤程度较小.

目的 评估人脐静脉内皮细胞来源的外泌体(human umbilical vein endothelial cells-derived exo-somes,HUVECs-exo)对人牙髓干细胞(human dental pulp stem cells,hDPSCs)生物学行为的影响.方法 通过超高速离心法提取HUVECs-exo,分别用0、5、10、20 μg/mL的HUVECs-exo处理hDPSCs,通过CCK-8实验、Transwell实验和划痕实验检测细胞的增殖和迁移能力;通过碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)染色、茜素红染色和Western blot研究HUVECs-exo对hDPSCs成骨/成牙分化的影响.结果 CCK-8实验结果显示HUVECs-exo对hDPSCs的增殖无显著影响,Transwell和划痕实验结果显示5、10μg/mL的HUVECs-exo显著地促进了 hDPSCs的迁移(P＜0.05),ALP染色和茜素红染色结果显示其对hDPSCs的矿化无显著促进作用,Western blot结果显示HUVECs-exo未上调Runt相关转录因子2(runt-related transcription factor 2,RUNX2)和骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)的表达水平.结论 HUVECs-exo 对 hDPSCs的增殖和成骨/成牙分化无显著影响,但能显著促进hDPSCs的迁移.

目的 探究慢性稳定性冠心病(SCAD)患者血浆解偶联蛋白-2(UCP-2)表达水平及临床意义.方法 选取2017年1月～2018年12月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院心内科住院的SCAD患者216例为SCAD组,同期住院的非SCAD患者196例为对照组.SCAD组均行冠状动脉造影,记录Gensini评分及罪犯血管支数;检测两组血浆UCP-2、氨基末端B型脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平;Spearman法分析血浆UCP-2与NT-proBNP及Gensini评分的相关性,ROC曲线法分析UCP-2及NT-proBNP诊断SCAD的价值.结果 SCAD组UCP-2、NT-proBNP水平高于对照组(P<0.05);Gensini评分低、中、高患者血浆UCP-2、NT-proBNP水平逐渐升高(P<0.05);单支病变、双支病变、多支病变患者血浆UCP-2、NT-proBNP水平逐渐升高(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,血浆UCP-2、NT-proBNP与Gensini评分均呈明显正相关(P<0.05);血浆UCP-2诊断SCAD的AUC、灵敏度、特异度与NT-proBNP比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 SCAD患者血浆UCP-2上调,且升高幅度与冠状动脉狭窄程度呈正相关,可作为SCAD诊断的分子标志物.

目的 研究发光二极管(light emitting diodes,LED)光固化灯职业性暴露对小鼠眼睛的影响.方法 12只8周龄清洁级C57BL/6J雄性小鼠随机分为正常对照组(n=6)及LED光固化灯照射组(n=6).LED光固化灯照射组小鼠暗适应24h后开始实验,每天照射3h,连续照射3d,正常对照组小鼠饲养于正常环境下.LED光固化灯照射前后进行光学相干断层扫描成像(Optical coherence tomography,OCT)来研究小鼠视网膜外核层厚度的变化,采用苏木精-伊红染色(Hematoxylin-eosin staining,HE)评估LED光固化灯照射后小鼠视网膜组织形态改变.结果 OCT结果显示,LED光固化灯照射后小鼠视网膜外核层厚度明显变薄(P＜0.05).HE结果显示,LED光固化灯照射使小鼠视网膜形态学发生改变,感光细胞间紧密连接遭到破坏.结论 口腔LED光固化灯照射会导致小鼠视网膜外核层变薄及光感受器损伤.

Objective To study the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) characteristics of ultrasonic root canal irrigation when the file was placed at a certain depth in the root canal, to provide a reference for clinical application. Methods First, scanning laser vibrometry (SLV) was utilized to analyze the characteristics of vibrational ultrasonic files under specific power. Then ICEM CFD 18.0 software was used to establish the root canal ultrasonic irrigation model. The insertion position of the ultrasonic working tip was set 1 mm away from the physiological apical foramen, and cloud images of the results were obtained by FLUENT 18.0 software. Volume fraction, flow velocity and pressure in the root canal were evaluated after setting the computing conditions. Results The vibration of the ultrasonic working tip was mainly transverse vibration with slight longitudinal vibration. The amplitude of transverse vibration of each part of the working tip was different. Maximum values were observed at the apical end area of the file, and the closer to the base of the file, the smaller the amplitude. The area where the cavitation volume fraction of the rinsing fluid was greater than 0 was concentrated around the working point. The flow rate of the irrigating fluid was up to 2 m/s, within the area 0.2 mm in front of the working tip, the velocity of the irrigating fluid was greater than 0.1 m/s, while within the area 0.8 mm from the root tip, the velocity of the irrigating fluid was small or even zero. The apical pressure value was non-positive when the tip of the file was 1 mm away from the apical foramen in this model. Conclusion Based on the experimental results, it appears that when the ultrasonic working tip was placed 1 mm short of the working length, the ultrasonic irrigating flow did not overflow the root apical foramen and the irrigation process was relatively safe; the irrigation fluid had a strong irrigation effect within approximately 0.2 mm in front of the working tip.

目的:比较5种不同根管冲洗液对根管内氢氧化钙(CH)的清除效果及对牙本质显微硬度的影响.方法:在70颗单根管离体牙的根管壁上制备凹沟,10颗牙齿作为阴性对照组不导人CH糊剂,60颗牙齿导入CH糊剂,封药1周.1周后,10颗牙齿作为阳性对照组不去除CH糊剂,其余50颗牙齿根据清除氢氧化钙所使用的冲洗液不同随机分成5组(n =10),体视显微镜和SEM观察CH残余量,显微硬度计测试根管壁显微硬度.结果:10％柠檬酸、17％乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)及1g/L银杏叶提取物(EGb)溶液对CH的清除效果优于蒸馏水和2.5％NaClO溶液(P＜0.05).阴性对照组显微硬度值大于其余各组(P＜0.05),其他组间比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:5种冲洗液均不能完全清除根管内CH,但柠檬酸、EDTA及EGb溶液清除效果较好.CH封药1周降低根管牙本质显微硬度,冲洗液则无明显影响.

For adapting to the change of modern medical model and suiting social demand of high quality dentists, this paper compares the differences of undergraduate education in stomatology between China and Russia by using the method of Bereday comparative education, trying to provide some reference for the reform of Chinese stomatology education. Curriculum arrangement in China is being constantly explored based on the Russian model. In China, courses are divided into basic medicine, clinical medicine and stomatology in three stages, making students relatively passive in learning. And the ratio of practice to lecture is far more higher in Russia than that in China. Thus, it's necessary to optimize structure and balance the distribution of stomatological curriculum in China, improve and popularize learning models such as problem -based learning (PBL) and so on, so as to promote the development of stomatology education of China to a higher level.

目的 比较两种光固化复合树脂充填方式对Ⅱ类洞粘结效果的影响.方法 选择2019年2—4月哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院收集的60颗人离体磨牙,按实验要求制备相应的邻面Ⅱ类洞,将其中20颗离体牙用于微渗漏实验,40颗离体牙用于微拉伸粘结强度实验及断裂界面观察.采用随机数表法将20颗离体牙随机分为先恢复邻面壁组(A1组)与不先恢复邻面壁组(A2组),每组10颗.采用随机数表法将40颗离体牙随机分为先恢复邻面壁组(B1组)与不先恢复邻面壁组(B2组),每组20颗;再根据所测试粘结部位的不同,将B1组分为先恢复邻面壁侧壁组与先恢复邻面壁髓壁组,将B2组分为不先恢复邻面壁侧壁组与不先恢复邻面壁髓壁组,共4个亚组,每组10颗.结果 两种充填方式下窝洞微渗漏及侧壁的微拉伸粘结强度差异无显著性(P>0.05),但不先恢复邻面壁髓壁组直接充填可使树脂与窝洞髓壁的牙本质微拉伸粘结强度显著提高,与先恢复邻面壁髓壁组差异有显著性(P<0.05).体式显微镜下观察微拉伸粘结强度实验离体牙的断裂多为粘结界面破坏.结论 光固化复合树脂充填方式对Ⅱ类洞粘结效果有影响,不先恢复邻面壁直接斜向分层充填可获得更好的粘结效果.

目的 探讨2型糖尿病合并高血压的危险因素.方法 选取2017年3月至2018年3月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院临床营养科就诊的3690例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据是否合并高血压将患者分为研究组(确诊2型糖尿病合并高血压,n=1700)和对照组(确诊2型糖尿病但未合并高血压,n=1990),采用问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查对两组病例进行比较分析,采用Logistic回归分析糖尿病合并高血压的影响因素.结果 Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.454,95％CI 1.196～1.768,P<0.001),未接受过营养教育(OR=4.732,95％CI 3.875～5.779,P<0.001),高体质指数(OR=2.048,95％CI 1.813～2.313,P<0.001),高龄(OR=1.041,95％CI1.033～1.049,P<0.001),高尿酸(OR=1.713,95％CI1.421～2.064,P<0.001),病程长(OR=1.240,95％CI 1.038～1.481,P=0.018),高肌酐(OR=1.247,95％CI 1.036～1.501,P=0.020),不良饮食习惯[鱼虾类(OR=1.419,95％CI 1.269～1.586,P<0.001)、烹调油(OR=1.246,95％CI 1.101～1.410,P<0.001)、食盐(OR=1.991,95％CI 1.766～2.245,P<0.001)、坚果摄入过量(OR=1.914,95％CI 1.733～2.114,P<0.001)]为危险因素,多食水果(OR=0.549,95％CI 0.491～0.614,P<0.001)为保护性因素.结论 高血压是糖尿病的最常见并发症之一,加强糖尿病营养健康教育,促进膳食平衡能够有效减少糖尿病患者心血管事件的发生,提高患者的生活质量.

目的 评价铒(Er:YAG)激光和高速涡轮手机备洞,对复合树脂充填后牙体与充填体间纳米渗漏和粘结强度的影响.方法 选32颗离体前磨牙平均分成两组,对照组用高速涡轮手机备洞;实验组用Er:YAG激光备洞,随后进行光固化复合树脂充填.两组各取8颗,进行纳米渗漏测试,扫描电镜(scanning electron micrographic,SEM)观察渗漏情况.其余样本检测微拉伸强度.使用SPSS 20.0统计软件对各组微拉伸强度进行独立样本t检验.结果 在牙体与充填体间,实验组几乎没有纳米渗漏产生,对照组则产生纳米渗漏带.微拉伸强度:对照组(16.10±4.91)MPa,实验组(26.53±3.61)MPa,实验组微拉伸强度大于对照组,两组间差别有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 与涡轮手机相比,Er:YAG激光备洞的纳米渗漏程度更低,粘结强度更好.

目的 分析非活动性肺结核并发慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者营养状况及营养风险.方法 采取定点连续抽样的方法抽取2017年1月至2018年5月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院呼吸内科住院的356例非活动性肺结核并发COPD患者(观察组)和384例COPD患者(对照组)作为研究对象.收集两组患者基本情况信息(年龄、身高、体质量等)和生化指标(血红蛋白、血清总蛋白、血清白蛋白、血清前白蛋白等)等有关信息.结果 观察组营养风险发生率为36.8％ (131/356),明显高于对照组的32.6％ (125/384),差异有统计学意义(x2=18.350,P=0.000).观察组住院时间为(12.6±4.4)d,明显长于对照组的(11.5±5.1)d,差异有统计学意义(t=3.097,P=0.002).观察组血红蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白及前白蛋白水平分别为(114.3±10.4)g/L、(55.0±7.9)g/L、(29.7±4.6)g/L、(112.6±35.0)mg/L,均明显低于对照组[分别为(117.7±9.4) g/L、(58.9±8.0)g/L、(31.0±4.0) g/L、(118.0±35.7) mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为4.602、6.631、4.075、2.083,P值分别为0.000、0.000、0.000、0.038).结论 非活动性肺结核增加COPD患者营养风险发生率并延长患者住院时间,对COPD患者营养指标产生不良影响.

目的 比较丁克除、桉叶油、D-柠檬烯3种有机溶剂对根充后离体牙再通能力及根管牙本质显微硬度的影响,并观察3种有机溶剂对粪肠球菌的抑菌性能.方法 选用40颗离体单根牙,去除冠方牙体组织,保证根管工作长度均为14 mm,样本随机分为4组:A组(无溶剂组)、B组(丁克除组)、C组(桉叶油组)、D组(D-柠檬烯组),每组10颗牙齿.体外根管充填后,比较各组不同溶剂处理下根管再通时间(T1和T2)、根尖推出物质量(g)、根管内残留物百分比(％),使用维氏显微硬度测试仪测量样本显微硬度值(MPa),纸片扩散法行药敏实验,测量抑菌圈直径并进行统计分析.结果 3种有机溶剂组与对照组相比均能提高去除牙胶的效率(P<0.05),但3组内比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).3个实验组牙本质显微硬度的变化与对照组比较无显著差异(P>0.05),但在根管上1/3及中1/3段,丁克除组根管牙本质显微硬度降低,D-柠檬烯组根管牙本质显微硬度升高,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).D-柠檬烯和桉叶油对粪肠球菌均有抑制作用,D-柠檬烯抑菌作用强于桉叶油(P<0.05),丁克除未见明显的抑菌性.结论 桉叶油与D-柠檬烯均能有效去除牙胶,不使牙本质显微硬度降低,且可抑制粪肠球菌的生长,可作为再治疗中的辅助溶剂.

Objective: To investigate the effect of self-etching adhesive with different unsealing time on the microleakage of the adhesive interface between tooth and resin. Methods: Unopened self-etching adhesives, Scotchbond Universal (S) and Xeno V+ (X) were respectively used to adhere Z350 resin for restoration of the prepared occlusal cavities sized 4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm (n = 40) . The methylene blue staining method was used to observe the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and filling material at the instant moment, 1, 2 and 3 months after the self-etching adhesives was opened (n = 10) . Results: (1) Increase of microleakage in S group was found with the time span after unsealing, and there was a statistical difference between the instant moment and 3 months after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . (2) There was no significant difference at the 4 test time points in X group (P＞0. 05), although the microleakage value of the samples were increased with the increase of the time after unsealing. (3) The microleakage of X group was greater than that of S group at the instant moment and 1 month after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . Conclusion: Unsealing time may increase the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and the filling material, the effect varies with the types of the adhesives.

目的 了解哈尔滨市男男性行为(men who have sex with men,MSM)人群中新确诊HIV-1感染者体内CRF01-AE亚型毒株成簇性特征,为制定科学有效的防控措施提供依据.方法 收集哈尔滨市2017年新确诊MSM人群中HIV-1感染者流行病学及人口学信息,通过DNA测序和基因分型,对CRF01-AE亚型的序列进行成簇性分析.结果 本研究共获得108条CRF01-AE亚型序列,以簇内基因距离≤0.045和Bootstrap≥90％ 为界定簇标准,产生传播簇15个,其中由10条序列构成的传播簇1个;患者年龄、常住地、性伴数、性取向、婚姻状况、性病史在未成簇与成簇2组中差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05).结论 CRF01-AE亚型毒株是哈尔滨市MSM HIV-1感染者中的优势传播株,具有较强的成簇性,在艾滋病防控中对于未婚、性行为活跃的青壮年人群及与该人群关系密切的人群须高度关注.

:Vascular endothelial cells are the barrier of blood vessels .Endothelial injury will lead to occurrence of multiple diseases ,whose mechanism is related to intracellular calcium signal pool regulation .Ca2+ is a secondary messenger for information delivery inside and outside cells ,it initiates endothelial cell signals and plays an important role in controlling vascular tension and endothelial permeability .Study on mechanism of vascular endothelial cell in‐jury has become a hot topic in recent years ,and calcium homeostasis imbalance is the key factor ,whose mechanism is still not clear .The present article reviewed regulating mechanisms of vascular endothelial cytoplasmic membrane calcium transport and intracellular calcium pool regulation , aimed at providing new thinking for prevention and treatment of calcium regulation related diseases .

目的 探讨吸氧对于不伴有血氧饱和度降低的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的影响.方法 入组140例不伴有血氧饱和度降低的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者,并将其随机分为干预组和对照组,干预组住院期间给予吸氧治疗,对照组如血氧饱和度不低于94％ 则不给于吸氧治疗,通过检测肌钙蛋白I、肌酸激酶同工酶、氨基末端脑钠肽前体、心脏射血分数及左心室舒张末期内径,评价吸氧对不伴有血氧饱和度降低的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的心肌损伤和心脏功能恢复的影响.结果 与对照组相比,干预组患者在入院后6 h及12 h的肌钙蛋白I及肌酸激酶同工酶血清含量明显上升,氨基末端脑钠肽前体含量两组间无明显差异.两组间心脏射血分数及左心室舒张末期内径无统计学差异.结论 氧疗增加不伴有血氧饱和度降低的ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的心肌损伤,但对患者心脏功能无明显影响.

目的:比较三维及二维头影测量差异,并初步建立Ricketts分析法测量项目的正常值范围.方法:样本由30名正常(牙合)成人组成,同时拍摄锥形束CT(CBCT)和头颅侧位片,对Rickitts分析法的16个项目进行测量.CBCT图像导入Simplant O&O软件进行三维头影测量.头颅侧位片用硫酸纸描图定点进行二维头影测量.用组内相关系数(ICC)评价操作者的测量信度,采用配对t检验对两组间的差异进行比较.结果:10个测量项目的测量结果具有统计学意义,包括软组织测量项目:Ls-EP,Em-OP;角度:FH-NPog,MP-NPog,FH/NA,PP-FH,FH-MP,BaN-FH;线距:L1-APog,L1-OP.CBCT组ICC均值为0.871,2D组为0.935.结论:CBCT的测量与头颅侧位片的测量结果中,10个测量项目的测量结果比较有显著性差异,CBCT的可靠度和精确性较好.初步推断出哈尔滨地区Ricketts分析法部分参数的CBCT三维头影测量正常(牙合)参考值范围.

目的 研究无托槽隐形矫治器远中移动磨牙三维方向上的移动量及表达效率.方法 选择安氏Ⅰ类和安氏Ⅱ类的成人患者,使用无托槽隐形矫治器推磨牙向远中移动,其中安氏Ⅰ类组9例,患者平均年龄23岁,向远中移动上颌下颌磨牙,安氏Ⅱ类组10例,患者平均年龄24岁,向远中移动上颌磨牙.根据矫治前和推磨牙结束后拍摄的头颅侧位片,计算出磨牙三维方向上的移动线距,角度,远中移动效率,前牙支抗变化情况,将所有数据进行统计分析.结果 安氏Ⅱ类组:上颌第一磨牙远中移动表达率为65.86％,第二磨牙远中移动表达率为71.68％;安氏Ⅰ类组,上颌第一磨牙远中移动表达率为73.88％,第二磨牙远中移动表达率为77.73％,下颌第一磨牙远中移动表达率为69.1％,第二磨牙远中移动表达率为75.03％.磨牙远中移动过程中有轻度压低,还存在一定程度的远中倾斜.前牙支抗无明显丧失(P>0.05).结论 利用无托槽隐形矫治器能够有效的远中移动磨牙,但伴有一定程度的磨牙远中倾斜,垂直向上的压低,前牙支抗基本无丧失.

目的:分析和比较选择性环氧合酶-2 (Cox-2)抑制剂塞来昔布、5-脂氧合酶(5-Lox)抑制剂齐留通及Cox/5-Lox双酶抑制剂利克飞龙对酒精相关性口腔癌的抑制作用.方法:选择66只C57BL/6小鼠,分为阴性对照组、模型组(4NQO组)、阳性对照组、齐留通干预组、塞来昔布干预组和利克飞龙干预组.阴性对照组不做任何处理,其余各组饮用50 μg/mL四硝基喹啉-1-氧化物(4NQO)溶液16周后,阳性对照组及各干预组以8％酒精溶液代替饮用水喂养8周,同时开始分别用三蒸水和同等药量的齐留通、塞来昔布、利克飞龙(100 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃8周;于24周处死动物,取舌行组织病理学观察、BrdU免疫组化染色、蛋白质印迹法(Westem-blot)检测舌组织中5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白的表达.结果:饮用酒精后,口腔癌发生率从16.7％增加到58.3％,5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白表达显著增加癌组织中BrdU阳性率显著升高.齐留通干预后,口腔癌发生率(41.7％)显著降低,5-Lox表达显著减少,Cox-2表达显著增加,BrdU阳性率显著降低;塞来昔布干预后,口腔癌发生率(50.0％)显著降低,Cox-2表达显著减少,5-Lox表达显著增加,BrdU阳性率显著降低;利克飞龙干预后,口腔癌发生率(25％),BrdU阳性率与阳性对照组、齐留通干预组和塞来昔布干预组相比均显著降低,5-Lox、Cox-2蛋白表达比阳性对照组显著减少(P＜0.05).结论:酒精促进口腔癌变的过程可能与5-Lox和Cox-2的表达上调关系密切;齐留通和塞来昔布可以分别抑制5-Lox和Cox-2活性,使口腔癌的发生率显著降低;利克飞龙对口腔癌的抑制作用优于齐留通和塞来昔布.