Sino-US relations are the biggest variable affecting the world pattern,and its development trend and future trend have a profound impact on the stability of international relations and the world situation. The friendship between the people of China and the United States is the source and important foundation for the development of Sino-US relations, while the current American public’s attitude towards China is not very optimistic.Since 2008, the American public’s attitude towards China has undergone a tortuous change. China’s rise has gradually become a common perception among the American public, which also makes them increasingly aware of the‘China Threat’. These changes are the result of the interaction of many factors, including the change of Sino-US relations, the development of China’s power, and the guidance of American elite opinion, also includes the financial crisis,novel coronavirus epidemic and other major emergencies. Based on the current situation that the American public’s attitude towards China tends to be negative,China should accurately position different groups with different attitudes towards China, strengthen public diplomacy, promote rational dialogue among political elites, and firmly grasp the fundamental theme of peaceful development. China should take a more positive and confident attitude and a more effective way to address the negative emotions and cognitive biases of the American public towards China.

Social development around the world has been stunted by the lack of a comprehensive understanding and definition of public value. Public value theory can provide guidance, and inform a universal standard for social development. However, it is difficult to define and measure public value due to its philosophical complexity. Public values are driven by various economic, political, and social forces, and can be created by many stakeholders including enterprises, governments and non-governmental organisations. Government is central to human society and is primarily responsible for inclusive social development, which requires setting and maintaining public values orderly and synchronously according to the plurality of views held by those in society. Social development failure may occur when some key public values are ignored. This study uses thirty economic, social, and political indicators to measure public value, and the results demonstrate strong correlations among them. Through a principal component analysis and a cluster analysis, these thirty indicators can be reduced to four principal components. The first one, which represents economic value, can explain 65.8% of the total information, identifying that economic value is playing a fundamental role among plural public values. Countries are clustered and their development neighbors are identified in order to compare countries with similar levels of development. Public value theory can help to understand the advantages and disadvantages of different countries, and advance the social and economic progress steadily and authentically.

美丽国家建设是中国以及世界各国的共同愿景.然而,究竟什么是美丽国家以及如何衡量美丽国家仍是值得深入研究的理论问题和尚未解决的实践难题.根据公共价值理论,国家的美丽应界定为蕴含在经济、政治、社会、文化、生态等不同社会领域的公共价值,这些公共价值存在密切而复杂的关联,可以通过社会经济指标得到准确的衡量.运用主成分分析,选择这五个社会领域中15项具有代表性的社会经济指标,对它们之间的关联及其所包含的信息进行分析、挖掘和降维,发现第一个主成分包含这15项指标中66.05％的信息,前四个主成分包含88.11％的信息,并将之分别命名为经济因子、生态幸福因子、性别公平因子、经济公平因子.这一发现可以印证,经济因素在美丽国家建设中居于基础性地位,但在发展经济的同时,也必须兼顾其他社会领域问题的解决及其美丽的实现.不同国家具有各自的美丽,也有各自的问题,主成分分析可以帮助各国及其治理者更加清醒地认知自身问题以及优势劣势,实现大国博弈中的知己知彼.

This quantitative research aims to analyze the long-run relationship and causality between economic development, tourism, and other macroeconomic variables in the context of Sao Tome and Principe [STP]. First, the Augmented Dickey and Fuller [ADF] and Phillips and Perron [PP] unit root test is applied, followed by the Johansen cointegration test and the Vector Error Correction Model [VECM]. Gross domestic product [GDP], tourism receipts [TR], foreign direct investment [FDI], Unemployment rate [UR], and Inflation [INF] are the variables used in the econometric model from 1993 to 2019. The findings indicate a positive long-run relationship between GDP and the explanatory variables TR and FDI. It also indicates a negative long-run relationship between GDP and the variables INF and UR. In terms of short-run causality, the results reveal a unidirectional causality running from GDP to FDI and INF and bidirectional causality between TR and INF. Furthermore, it suggests a long-run unidirectional causality from all independent variables to GDP. This is the first quantitative study that presents a new perspective of tourism in the context of STP by applying the VECM and integrating several macroeconomic variables.

当前,“以地养老”仍是大部分农村主导的养老模式,土地流转则冲击了农村自主养老秩序,导致农村养老秩序刚性化.基于皖西南Y村的经验调查表明,土地流转抽离了农民自主养老的经济基础,削弱了农村老人的自养能力,使农村养老秩序从主体性自养转变为依附性他养.农村家庭养老弱化与“以地养老”主流化是土地流转影响农村养老的前提与基础.土地流转使老人农业瓦解,老人从自主性的价值创造者转变为纯粹的资源消耗者.老人难以通过个体努力改变这种被动的养老局面,导致农村老年人陷入物质与精神生活的双重困境.对于普通农业型村庄,土地的保障性功能重于生产性功能,土地流转需谨慎推行.

创造价值、持续创新、改变世界,是企业家和公司的使命.同样,通过制度和政策创新,政府和公共部门也可以创造包括繁荣、健康、教育、稳定、民主、自由、法治、和谐、幸福等在内的公共价值,改变世界并让世界变得更加美好.以利润为基础的经济价值是多元公共价值的一种,政府必须在多元公共价值之间保持平衡,长期忽略某项公共价值是导致公共管理失败的根源.循证分析可以帮助政府明晰蕴含在社会各领域的多元公共价值之间的复杂关联,减少公共管理失败的风险.对27项公共价值指标和81个国家的因子和聚类分析发现,经济价值在多元公共价值中处于基础地位,不同国家存在多种不同的公共价值组合与创造模式.国家之间的竞争,可以被视为国家在各项公共价值保护与创造上的竞争.一个国家要超越他国,就必须创造比他国更大量、更优质的公共价值.

采用Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数模型对我国中部地区80个地级市2003～2015年的城市环境全要素生产率及其分解部分进行了核算,在此基础上计算累积环境全要素生产率,运用核密度法分析了我国中部城市环境全要素生产率的地区差距和动态变化.研究发现:中部城市环境全要素生产率和技术进步分别以年均1.39％、1.85％的速度增长,技术效率以年均0.02％的速度减少,中部城市环境全要素生产率增长主要由技术进步推动,技术效率出现退步迹象.中部地区环境全要素生产率、技术效率和技术进步率城市间差距在逐渐缩小,中部城市间出现明显技术“追赶效应”.

This study seeks to investigate the role of corruption in the relationship between public debt and economic growth in Belt & Road countries during 1996-2017 by applying the generalized method of moment (GMM). Using grouped and ungrouped samples; the results reveal that public debt plays a significant and negative role in economic growth. Corruption also plays a significant and negative role in economic growth. The interaction terms of public debt and corruption play a significant and negative role in economic growth. Moreover; several robustness checks like fixed and random effect models also confirm the results of the GMM approach. The inclusion of more control variables also confirms the baseline estimation. The impact of Belt & Road initiative on economic growth is significantly positive. Several policy recommendations can be drawn from this study. The reduction of the adverse effect of public debt and improvement in economic growth can be brought by applying measures that curb corruption and enhance economic collaboration with other economies. Keywords : Public debt, BRI, growth JEL Classification: C33; H63; O43 DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-33-15 Publication date: November 30 th 2019

基于2005至2016年全国31个省(市)区的面板数据,分别构建了城市化水平与房地产繁荣度评价指标体系,通过耦合协调值、Moran值的测算判断我国城市化水平与房地产发展的协调程度以及空间关联度.实证结果表明:(1)我国城市化水平值与房地产繁荣度均处于稳定上升阶段,但房地产发展程度较城市化发展水平相对滞后,且房地产发展的地域不平衡愈演愈烈;(2)虽然我国城市化水平与房地产繁荣度的耦合协调值仍处于失调阶段,但协调值已从极差提升至轻度失调阶段;(3)城市化与房地产发展的耦合协调关系整体呈现空间正相关性,但局部空间分布不均,规模效应初现.

随着“长江经济带”战略的提出,沿线城市如何发挥节点作用、促使其与“一带一路”和“京津冀协同发展”战略对接成为国家顶层设计的重中之重.城市是国家的核心组成部分也是国家特征的缩影.“长江经济带”沿线节点城市竞争力的实证研究不仅对我国城市自身的可持续发展具有重大战略意义, 还为“一带一路”沿线国家的相关研究提供了模式参考,是中国经验适用性的试点.本文引入“公共价值账户”理论,重构城市竞争力指标体系,通过熵值法对价值指标进行赋值、计分,计算了2015年“长江经济带”沿线20个节点城市竞争力,并通过聚类分析将之分为四大城市发展类型,为未来城市竞争力测评研究提供一个新的思路.

深度挖掘我国智慧城市研究热点和发展趋势,为今后的智慧城市研究和实践决策提供借鉴.以中国知网收录的发表于2010-2017年的期刊文献为样本,运用文献计量和可视化分析方法挖掘我国智慧城市领域的研究热点、热点战略地位和研究前沿.研究发现:智慧城市研究自2010年以来一直保持较高的研究热度;智慧城市内涵特征、评价体系、治理和发展策略、顶层设计是具有较高战略地位和未来进一步拓展空间的研究主题.

近年来全国多地城中村违法建设现象较为普遍,违建主体包括企业组织、村组干部和居民个体,其中一些地方的违建主体以居民个体为主.个体行为生发于既定的制度环境,又受到个体特征、社会关系网络、心理预期等因素的影响.本文基于计划行为理论和镶嵌理论,构建了个体违建行为的影响因素分析框架.在此基础上,运用湖北L市城中村454位居民的问卷调查数据和访谈资料,使用logit回归模型实证考察城中村居民参与违建的影响因素.研究发现,违建者的行为存在“羊群效应”,亲属是否参与违建直接影响城中村居民的违建行为;社会关系网络作用显著,城中村居民认识的违建执法人员数量与违建发生概率正相关;此外,年龄、学历等个人特征和村域特征也会影响违建者的行为.

近年来,城中村违法建设问题已经成为城市治理难题.以湖北W县36个城中村为例,通过访谈、参与观察等田野调查方法,构建了违建治理困境分析框架,剖析城中村违建治理困境成因.研究认为,城中村违建治理面临制度供给不足、居民策略化行为、政府能力弱化、执法人员素养欠缺等问题.违建治理要以现存问题和现实诱因为着力点,从完善土地产权制度、建立城乡规划民众参与机制、构建网络化执法体系以及建立政府监管常态机制入手构建破解路径.

现阶段我国征地冲突是多种因素影响的现实表征.征地中伴随着相关利益主体的对抗和博弈,实质是对土地制度的实践检视和对土地增值收益的再分配.通过对湖北H开发区征地实践过程的详细展现和调查发现:征地利益冲突根源于征地制度偏差、土地利益分配失均、利益博弈无序以及失地农民保障乏力.征地利益冲突的缓释要以现存问题和现实诱因为着力点,从完善土地产权制度和征地制度、平衡利益主体的权力配置、保障土地利益平衡分配以及创新失地农民安置方式入手构建化解路径.

文化建设是党的各项建设事业的灵魂,国家的竞争,归根结底是制度和文化的竞争.党内政治文化同我国传统文化具有密切的关联,可以从我国传统文化中汲取丰富的营养.党内政治文化包括公共性、与时俱进、批评与自我批评、纪律等价值内核,它们可以分别追溯到儒家、法家、墨家、道家等传统文化的源头.西方文化中的自由、民主、平等、独立、法治、透明、科学、创新等价值内核对于党内文化建设也具有很强的借鉴意义.有鉴于此,当中国传统文化和党内文化面临西方文化的挑战和冲击时,我们不应排斥,但也不必畏惧,我们应该研究,学习和借鉴西方的优秀文化,摒弃其糟粕文化,在汲取传统文化和西方文化精华的基础上,增强文化竞争力,使我们党永远保持先进性.

公共价值管理战略三角模型为全面认识和解决邻避问题提供了有益借鉴.在描述邻避项目价值主张和授权环境的基础上,对决策过程中利益相关者的价值冲突和地方政府的应对策略进行了分析,总结出行政价值失衡是导致邻避项目社会价值失败的重要原因.从凝聚邻避项目相关各方的价值共识和提高政府决策的支持和合法性两个方面建构了公共价值创造框架,为地方政府预防或解决邻避问题提供了对策和建议.

Human society can be roughly divided into three spheres and each has different public values. While public values should be at the heart of public administration and social development, they are often significantly weakened by their philosophical ambiguity and immeasurability. This article seeks to clarify the nature of public values, how they are created, and how they can be measured. An open public value account is constructed as a policy tool for assessing as many public values as possible. It is used to examine the public values creation in China and the United States.

作为公共管理学科的核心概念,“公共性”一直缺乏得到广泛认同的解释.在国外研究者看来,“公”“私”有何异同？何为公共性？应当如何评价公共性？目前,国外关于公私界分主要有通约论、二分论和多维度论等观点;关于公共性最具代表性的解释有产权公共性、维度公共性和公共利益的公共性等理论;颇具影响力的评价体系有Bozeman的公共性三维测度模型、Antonsen的公共性评价量表和Cresswell的公共价值评估框架等.

环境治理是一个备受关注的学术研究领域。在中国的行政生态下，区域和职能分割导致的合作治理难题，造成了科层治污的失败，而政治需求能够通过压力型体制转变为强大的政治激励，通过自上而下的“运动式”治污克服官僚惰性，完成快速治污目标。本文以APEC前后的治污行动及“APEC 蓝”的创造过程作为分析“文本”，发现这种组合治污行动本质上具有中国特色的以权威和命令为基础的环境威权主义的集中体现，通过科层体制的压力传导和政治激励得以推进，能够实现对社会资源的强力整合，但资源约束和治污手段简单低下造成治污结果的脆弱性，蕴含着现代化治理风险。