目前研究认为,阿尔茨海默病(AD)与糖尿病(DM)关系密切,DM有可能增加患AD的风险,甚至认为AD是一种大脑糖尿病,称之为3型糖尿病,与2型糖尿病(T2DM)关系密切,二者存在一致的疾病生理机制.本文从中医药病机和临床科研角度出发,探讨AD与DM在中医病机及临床方药应用、实验研究的共性,指出随着对二者发病机制和中医理论应用研究的深入,可挖掘出更多AD与DM两者共同的机制和有效方药,为多元化研究治疗AD和DM,并为异病同治、早期干预提供新的方向和思路.

为了研究某一测区中地物的特征信息和应用,利用监督分类及其中的神经元网络算法,即BP算法,对算法原理进行阐述,同时对测区道路、土地、建筑等特征信息进行提取,并对提取出的信息进行分析.在测区中,道路网连接了测区各个区域,从而分析出测区的交通较为便利,测区各部分相互联系、测区城市较为集中、无人土地较多的结论,路网信息可以用于制作交通专题图,土地信息可以用于城市规划,建筑信息可以用于计算城市化程度.

自主探究学习教学模式是学生在教师指导下,以学生为中心进行自主探究学习.在中医学(5+3)药理学抗病原微生物药章节尝试采用自主探究学习教学模式,用其激发学生学习动力和兴趣,促进学生主动学习,培养学生创造性思维和临床思维,取得较好的教学效果,为实现一流本科课程建设目标提供教学改革的新思路.

目的:探讨中药复方消渴乳膏对高脂饲养联合链尿佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病小鼠糖脂代谢、炎症因子及氧化应激的作用.方法:C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,随机分为4组:正常组、模型组、复方消渴乳膏组和二甲双胍组,每组15只.除正常组外,其他3组高脂饲料喂养5周后,腹腔注射STZ造模.复方消渴乳膏按0.8 g·kg-1涂抹给药,二甲双胍按0.0875 g·kg-1灌胃给药,给药周期为12周.实验期间各组小鼠每周检测1次体质量、空腹血糖(FBG),每2周检测1次糖耐量(OGTT).采用生化试剂盒测量各组小鼠血中糖基化血红蛋白(GHbA1c)、LDL、HDL、TG、T-CHO含量,ELISA检测小鼠胰岛素(INS)、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6;比色法检测SOD、GSH-Px活性和MDA含量.H.E染色观察小鼠胰腺组织的变化.结果:复方消渴乳膏能降低给药后第12～17周造模小鼠的FBG、OGTT,降低GHbA1c,升高胰岛素水平,降低胰岛素抵抗指数,改善糖代谢;降低TG、T-CHO含量,改善脂代谢;降低TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平,改善糖尿病小鼠的炎症反应;升高SOD、GSH-Px的活性,减轻糖尿病小鼠氧化应激反应;改善胰腺组织损伤.结论:复方消渴乳膏能调节高脂联合STZ诱导糖尿病小鼠的糖脂代谢紊乱、减轻炎症反应和氧化应激.

本文以中医院校机能实验室为例,介绍基于信息化的实验室开放管理系统,实现在线预约、实验室设备二维码管理、学生开放实验前自主测试学习、学生与指导教师或实验室管理员实时交互,以及开放实验教学问答功能等,实现实验开放管理线上与线下结合,有利于提高实验室开放和管理效率,培养学生实验动手能力和自学能力.

目的:探讨小柴胡汤化裁方对阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)小鼠记忆认知能力及海马形态学的影响.方法:选取SPF级小鼠60只,随机分成6组,除正常组外,其余各组应用脑立体定位仪定位海马组织并注射β淀粉样蛋白1-42(amyloidβ-protein 1-42,Aβ1-42)造模,中药组灌胃小柴胡汤化裁方高、中、低剂量(40、20、10 g/kg),西药组灌胃尼莫地平(15 mg/kg).用Morris水迷宫观察AD小鼠定位航行和空间探索行为变化情况,同时观察AD小鼠海马神经元形态.结果:模型组AD小鼠的潜伏期增加,跨越平台次数减少,中药尤其是高剂量干预的AD小鼠潜伏期缩短,跨越平台次数增加.与模型组比较,中药高、中剂量组和西药组小鼠海马神经细胞形态及神经元丧失减轻.结论:小柴胡汤化裁方能有效改善AD小鼠学习记忆能力,保护海马神经元组织.

目的 观察经方小柴胡汤化裁方对阿尔茨海默病(AD)小鼠海马组织细胞炎性因子IL-1β、IL-6及p-p38 MARK、NF-κB表达水平的影响,探讨其机制.方法 选取SPF级小鼠30只,随机分成6组,除正常组外,应用脑立体定位仪定位海马组织注射β样淀粉蛋白(Aβ1-42)造模,并给予小柴胡汤化裁方高中低剂量(40 g ?kg-1、20 g·kg-1、10 g·kg-1)进行干预,西药组用尼莫地平(15 mg.kg-1)对照.用免疫组化法观察细胞炎性因子IL-1β、IL-6及磷酸化p-p38 MARK信号分子表达情况,用Western blotting方法检测NF-κB蛋白表达.结果 与正常组对比,模型组的海马区阳性细胞最多,细胞排列松散,IL-1β、IL-6及p-p38MARK表达量均高于正常组;各中药组和西药组对比模型组均有不同程度的减轻,其中以中药高剂量组最为显著.模型组海马NF-κB蛋白明显表达量增加,中药治疗组及西药组干预后,NF-κB蛋白表达水平下降,以中药高剂量组表现较为突出,与正常组相对接近.讨论经方小柴胡汤化裁方能并通过下调IL-1β、IL-6及p-p38MARK、NF-κB表达水平水平,表明小柴胡汤化裁方可能通过p38MAPK/NF-κB通路抑制Aβ对神经细胞的损伤,进而对AD模型小鼠发挥脑保护作用.

我国进入互联网时代,教育领域发生深刻变革,教学理念和教学模式也在发生重大变革,新理念、新模式不断涌现.列举微课、慕课、翻转课堂等多种网络教学模式的联系与区别,并通过药理学课程的实际应用进行对比分析研究,最后提出综合利用网络教学模式,提高教学质量的几点建议设想.

依据中医院校护理专业学生的学情分析,为了增强其综合素养和临床竞争力,更好地解决中医药院校药理学学时相对不足的教学难题,对护理专业药理学教学改革进行有益的探索.

移动互联网时代,以智能手机为代表的移动互联网学习终端,成为年轻一代学子们所普遍认可的学习方式.利用网页语言及主流后台框架代码和多媒体资源等,建立PC(电脑)端和移动端一体化的药理学网络教学平台,完善各种教学资源,充实数据库,建立多种资源如教程、课件、在线测试、公开视频课、案例分析、教师答疑等,在提高学生学习兴趣的同时,方便学生利用碎片化时间学习、加强师生间的交流、及时巩固课堂知识,收到了很好的教学效果,为进一步将现代信息技术应用到教学中打下良好的基础.

目的 探讨豆茶决明冲剂对高脂诱导C57BL/6J肥胖小鼠炎症因子及炎症通路的影响及对高脂所致肥胖胰岛素抵抗的改善作用.方法 C57BL/6J小鼠90只适应性喂养2周后,随机预留对照组,其余小鼠高脂饲料喂养2周,随机分成模型组、豆茶决明冲剂低、中、高剂量组(LD、MD、HD;0.1、0.3、0.9 g/kg)、罗格列酮组(RH).除对照组外,其余5组给予高脂饲料,每周称体重.每天灌胃1次,给药8周后,摘眼球取血,测空腹血糖、胰岛素和血脂,取腹部、附睾及双肾部位脂肪.采用ELISA法检测相关炎症因子,采用蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western Blot)检测IKK-β/NFκB、JNK通路蛋白的表达.结果 豆茶决明冲剂能显著抑制高脂诱导C57BL/6J小鼠体重的增长.豆茶决明冲剂能降低空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(INS),改善胰岛素抵抗指数(IRI);试剂盒实验结果 显示豆茶决明冲剂能使LDL-C、TC、TG显著降低,HDL-C明显升高.ELISA结果 显示豆茶决明冲剂能显著降低瘦素(leptin,LEP)、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平,升高脂联素(ADPN)水平;Western Blot结果 显示,豆茶决明冲剂高剂量组对激活的IKK-β/NFκB、JNK通路有明显的抑制作用.结论 豆茶决明冲剂能抑制由高脂饮食诱导的肥胖以及相关炎症因子的分泌和炎症通路的激活,改善胰岛素抵抗.

分析网络信息化在教学中的优势和目前药理学信息化教学中存在的问题,并从药理学实验教学的特点、现状和发展进行解析和探讨,提出药理学实验教学信息化发展的网络课程建设、移动端建设、专业平台库建设和大数据挖掘,为今后更好地开展信息化服务教学做参考.

Objective:To assess the influence of the different exercise intervention mode,aerobic exemise training(AET),resistance training(RT) and AET RT,on blood glucose of pre-diabetes.Methods:Literatures were identified from the PubMed,EMBASE,EBSCO,CNKI and Wanfang databases.Relevant journals or conference proceedings were also searched manually.The qualities of randomized controlled trials that conformed to inclusion criteria were evaluated.Meta-analysis of the obtained related data was completed utilizing RevMan 5.2 statistical software.Mean difference of index related in exercise intervention groups and control group were calculated across the studies.Results:Eight original literatures enrolled in this study.Compared with control group,combined effect of different exercise interventions on fasting blood glucose showed no significant,consistent with different intervention subgroups analysis.RT group and AET + RT group showed a significantly reduced role on 2 h postprandial blood index (P ＜ 0.05).AET group showed a significantly reduced role on insulin resistance index.Conclusion:To pre-diabetic,effects of exercise on postprandial 2 h blood glucose and insulin resistance index are related to modes of exercise.Effects of exercise on fasting blood glucose,but still could not be determined.

在分析当前高校校园信息化发展现状与问题的基础上,借鉴企业架构理论,围绕基于碎片化服务的业务架构模式,建立了与之无缝接入的校园信息化应用架构平台.通过在南京农业大学校园信息化的应用实践,总结了架构的关键技术与应用成效,并已成功地在其他高校得到了推广.

Teaching reform on basic western medicinal courses of seven-year-system Chinese medicine students at Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine is performed by the center with the body organ,and reorganized anatomy,histology,physiology,micro-biology,immunology,pathology and pharmacology into a course named basic western medicine tutorial according to the principle from macroscopic to microcosmic,from form to function,from normal to abnormal,from disease to drug treatment to improve the basic western medicinal theory combined with the clinical practice for the seven-year-system Chinese medicine students of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and to speed up personnel training mode,and to analyze the pros and cons of teaching reform.

This paper discusses the key points of electric design in hotel construction,for example the level of equipment,the setting of electric substation and diesel generator,electric power supply system and energy efficiency etc.

SSL technology has been widely applied in the field of Internet security communication, espe-cially e-commerce has developed rapidly in recent years. As SSL protocol can provide security of the net-work information transmission,it gets the favor of the electronic website. But because of the complexity of the e-commerce business, SSL protocol has some deficiencies in actual application. Through analyzing the SSL protocol, this paper proposes a transaction authenticcation technology based on SSL, thus to make up for the function of SSL in e-commerce non-repudiation.

As a novel and unique engineering structure,deployable space structure can deploy itself when in use and fold together or transform its shape by elemental rigid displacement when not in use.Therefore deployable space structure has earned widespread attention in the realm of civil engineering and has a bright development prospect.This paper starts with the concept of deployable space structure,introduces its development history in civil engineering,and mainly focuses on the mechanism and classification of pantograph structure and the geometrical shape of different deployable structure.The problems and future trends in the development of deployable space structure are put forward at the end of this paper.

Objective:ECG and BP abnormalities in the exercise are the most simple and effective indicators to predicate exercise risk.The aim of the study was to do correlation and regression analysis for the ECG and BP in exercise and the physiological and biochemical indexes in the40 ~49yr adults who had the exercise risk,then to set up the cardiovascular risk prediction index system for Chinese adults.Methods:173men and 174women who were 40~49yr were tested by graded exercise test,the ECG and BP was monitored in test;When ST-segment under pressure≥0.1mV or SBP down>10mmHg during the exercise,the adults had ECG or BP abnormalities.ST-segment under pressure values or SBP down values' relations with quiet physiological and biochemical indicators and the establishment of ECG and blood pressure prediction formula were analyzed by multiple regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis.Results:1)The normal ST-segment under pressure values had significant association with LDH1,LDH1/LDH,OP and PA,also set up the formula to predicate the normal ST-segment under pressure values for adult men in exercise;The abnormal ST-segment under pressure values had significant association with HDL-c,OP and DBP,also set up the formula to predicate the abnormal ST-segment under pressure values for adult men in exercise.2)The normal STsegment under pressure values had significant association with BMI and LF/HF,also set up the formula to predicate the normal ST-segment under pressure values for adult women in exercise;The abnormal ST-segment under pressure values had significant association with OP,Resting HR,CKMB and AST,also set up the formula to predicate the abnormal ST-segment under pressure values for adult women in exercise.3)Men and women abnormal BP had analysis together because of a little people with abnormal BP;The abnormal SBP down values had significant association with PWV,PA and LDH1/LDH,also set up the formula to predicate the abnormal SBP down values for adults.Conclusions:1)40~49yr men and women arise myocardial ischemia and blood pressure drop when load increases during exercise.2)Myocardial ischemia and blood pressure drop when load increases through exercise for 40~49yr men and women can be predicted by resting physiological and biochemical tests.

<正>一、高校物业发展现状及存在问题高校的物业是在高校后勤社会化改革以后发展起来的。2002年前后,各校成立了后勤集团,十多年来,很多高校不断进行新校区扩大建设,一幢幢现代化教学科研楼宇和学生公寓高楼矗立起来。区别于老校区的陈旧、不规整、设施落后,新大楼的崭新面貌让学校管理层和广大师生对楼宇物业管理充满了期待。随着市场经济的发展,高校也经受了洗礼,逐步融入市场经济的大环境中。师生已不再满足于过去"一把扫帚、一个簸箕、一块抹