目前,临床上主要利用骨植入物来修复缺损的骨组织,骨植入物主要包括以钛合金、钴铬合金、镁合金为代表的金属材料以及生物医用陶瓷材料、生物医用高分子材料等.但由于目前我们所使用的植入物通常存在结合不良、排斥反应、感染等问题,因此植入物的表面改性逐渐成为了研究热点.植入物的表面改性主要分为物理改性、化学改性以及生物改性[1],其中,生长因子涂层作为生物改性的重要分支,已受到越来越多的关注.制备生长因子涂层目的是将生长因子保留在缺损区,使其作用时间延长,从而达到促细胞迁移的效果.骨植入物与周围骨组织的良好结合是决定治疗是否成功的基础,将骨生长因子运输到骨缺损处能够加快骨修复过程[2].本文通过对主要的骨生长因子涂层的研究进展进行总结,为生长因子涂层在骨组织再生的研究以及应用提供参考.

脂联素是一种激素蛋白,在许多全身炎症性疾病中发挥抗炎作用.牙周炎是一种局部炎症性疾病,它会逐渐破坏牙周支持组织最终导致牙齿脱落.目前已经表明脂联素与牙周炎之间存在关联.本文综述了脂联素的基本特性及其在牙周炎中的作用,以及脂联素与伴全身疾病牙周炎的关系.

Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 3 (ACSF3) carries out the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis II, which is the linkage of malonate and, to a lesser extent, methylmalonate onto CoA. Malonyl-coenzyme A (malonyl-CoA) is a central metabolite in mammalian fatty acid biochemistry that is generated and utilized in the cytoplasm. In this research, we verified the relationship between expression of the ACSF3 and the production of triglycerides (TGs) at the cellular level by silencing and over-expressing ACSF3. Subsequently, through Sanger sequencing, five polymorphisms were found in the functional domain of the bovine ACSF3, and the relationship between ACSF3 polymorphism and the economic traits and fatty acid composition of Chinese Simmental cattle was analyzed by a means of variance analysis and multiple comparison. The results illustrated that the expression of ACSF3 promoted triglyceride synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells and bovine fetal fibroblast cells. Further association analysis also indicated that individuals with the AG genotype (g.14211090 G > A) of ACSF3 were significantly associated with the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher content of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid), and that CTCAG haplotype individuals were significantly related to the fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat (higher linoleic acid content). Individuals with the AA genotypes of g.14211055 A > G and g.14211090 G > A were substantially associated with a larger eye muscle area in the Chinese Simmental cattle population. ACSF3 played a pivotal role in the regulation of cellular triacylglycerol and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, and polymorphism could serve as a useful molecular marker for future marker-assisted selection in the breeding of intramuscular fat deposition traits in beef cattle.

消退素是一种新型的内源性抗炎和促炎性消退脂质介质,在多种疾病模型中显示出其强效的生物学作用.有研究发现,消退素在预防和治疗牙周炎方面是有效的,具有良好的临床应用前景.本文就消退素在抗炎方面的作用及在牙周炎中的应用展开论述.

目的 ：研究在孕妇助产护理中运用产时全程陪伴责任护理模式的影响。方法 ：于 2019 年 1 月 ~2021 年 1 月间在我院进行生产的产妇中随机选取病例 124 例为研究对象，遵照排序法将其分为病例数相等的两个小组，即常规组与全程陪伴组。为常规组施行常规助产护理，为全程陪伴组施行产时全程陪伴责任护理模式。统计两组产妇的总产程时间、产后出血量。结果 ：相较于常规组产妇，全程陪伴组产妇总产程时间、产后出血量的数据结果均要明显更低（P<0.05）。结论 ：孕妇在生产时，于助产护理中运用产时全程陪伴责任护理模式，可有效改善分娩结局。有效缩短产妇的总产程时间，降低产后出血量，具有很高的推广价值。

目的:研究结扎诱发的大鼠牙周炎模型中炎症的动态变化。方法:选取健康雄性SD大鼠21只,随机分为7组,分别为正常对照组和结扎组A-F（结扎组A-F分别依次结扎1、3、5、7、14、21 d后处死）。除正常对照组各组均选用结扎丝于右侧上颌第一磨牙牙颈部结扎,建立大鼠实验性牙周炎模型,通过观测21 d内大鼠体重变化,探究结扎丝的介入对实验性牙周炎炎症过程的影响,通过软垢指数（DIS）、龈沟出血指数（SDI）及牙齿松动度（TM）的监测,评估结扎21 d内目标牙牙周炎症变化,为了更精确地评估炎症阶段牙槽骨的动态变化,使用CBCT观察牙槽骨吸收情况。结果:结扎组A-F在结扎后3 d体重均下降,第3天体重开始恢复上升。并且与正常对照组相比,结扎组3～21 d的体重增长率比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,说明由于结扎丝的介入,大鼠会出现3 d的适应性现象,而在结扎3 d后结扎丝即对大鼠生长发育不会产生影响;结扎侧DIS在结扎后第1、3、5、7天较正常对照侧显著升高（P＜0.05）,且DIS值在前3 d呈上升状态,第5天开始逐渐下降,直至结扎第21天与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;结扎侧SDI在第5天明显升高,第7天达到峰值后逐渐下降（P＜0.05）,直至结扎第21天与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;结扎侧TM第7天开始出现变化,直至第21天逐渐上升,与正常对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;结扎组A、B、C的CEJ-ABC距离与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,结扎组D、E、F的CEJ-ABC距离明显高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）,且F组与D、E组对比骨吸收更加显著（P＜0.01）。结论:结扎诱导的大鼠实验性牙周炎在结扎后3 d为牙周炎始发期;结扎的3～7 d处于急性炎症期;14～21 d转为慢性炎症阶段,为慢性牙周炎的炎症进展期。本研究对结扎诱导的大鼠牙周炎发生发展过程进行了更加精细地定义,为后续对牙周炎模型的研究提供了新的方向,为更好更准确地进行临床研究奠定基础。

Periodontal disease is a chronic infectious disease of the oral cavity. Its main clinical features are periodontal pocket formation and alveolar bone resorption.Scholars' research hotspot is to achieve periodontal tissue regeneration in patients.Studies have found that strontium has certain potential in promoting periodontal tissue regeneration.In recent years,scholars have been conducting research on strontium and periodontal tissue regeneration,with a view to opening a new path for periodontal disease treatment.This article reviews the research status of strontium and periodontal tissue regeneration.The review results show that strontium can induce the proliferation and differentiation of PDLSCs and promote the regeneration of lost bone tissue;it can inhibit osteoclast activity and induce osteoclast apoptosis through a variety of signaling pathways,thereby inhibiting bone resorption; Promote bone formation;Strontium also has the function of promoting early angiogenesis and suppressing immune inflammatory response.Because the current research on strontium and periodontal tissue regeneration is only focused on in vivo and in vitro experiments,there is no relevant clinical trial to apply strontium to periodontal tissue regeneration.Therefore,if strontium is used to promote periodontal tissue regeneration to achieve the treatment of periodontal disease, further research is needed.

他汀类药物,临床上主要用于治疗高胆固醇血症以及动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病.近年来研究发现该药物还具有抗炎、免疫调节、抗氧化和血管生成的作用,并促进成骨细胞的形成.这些特性为他汀类药物治疗牙周炎等慢性炎症性疾病提供了巨大的潜力.本文就他汀类药物治疗牙周炎的机制及相关体内外实验进行探讨.

Berberine(BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid that can be extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Huang Lian. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, protection of nerves, hypoglycemic, blood lipid, anti-oxidation, antibacterial and other effects. It can be used clinically to treat chronic colitis, bacterial vaginitis, rheumatoid arthritis, breast cancer, liver cancer, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, obesity and other common diseases. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects of berberine and the research progress of effective drug carriers in order to provide new ideas for the clinical application of berberine.

AbstractSimultaneous transcriptome analyses of both host plants and pathogens, and functional validation of the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) allow us to better understand the mechanisms underlying their interactions. Here, we analyse the mixed transcriptome derived from Botrytis cinerea (the causal agent of grey mould) infected tomato leaves at 24 hr after inoculation, a critical time point at which the pathogen has penetrated and developed in the leaf epidermis, whereas necrotic symptoms have not yet appeared. Our analyses identified a complex network of genes involved in the tomato–B. cinerea interaction. The expression of fungal transcripts encoding candidate effectors, enzymes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis, hormone and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and autophagy‐related proteins was up‐regulated, suggesting that these genes may be involved in the initial infection processes. Specifically, tomato genes involved in phytoalexin production, stress responses, ATP‐binding cassette transporters, pathogenesis‐related proteins, and WRKY DNA‐binding transcription factors were up‐regulated. We functionally investigated several B. cinerea DEGs via gene replacement and pathogenicity assays, and demonstrated that BcCGF1 was a novel virulence‐associated factor that mediates fungal development and virulence via regulation of conidial germination, conidiation, infection structure formation, host penetration, and stress adaptation. The fungal infection‐related development was controlled by BcCGF‐mediated ROS production and exogenous cAMP restored the mutant infection‐related development. Our findings provide new insights into the elucidation of the simultaneous tactics of pathogen attack and host defence. Our systematic elucidation of BcCGF1 in mediating fungal pathogenesis may open up new targets for fungal disease control.

An ultrasound-assisted ionic liquid (IL) salting-out microextraction system was developed and applied for the extraction of quinolone antibiotics from urine. A precipitate was formed from the salt and IL, and it acted as the sorbent for the analytes. The precipitate containing the analyte was separated by filtration, redissolved, and the solution then was evaporated. The resulting extract was redissolved for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Several parameters, including type and volume of IL, the type and amount of salts, sample pH, temperature and extraction time were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the limits of detection for fleroxacin and ciprofloxacin were 3.12 and 4.97 mu g L-1, respectively. When the present method was applied to real urine sample analysis, the analyte recoveries ranged from 82.3 to 106.8%. This ultrasound-assisted IL salting-out microextraction system had the characteristics of high recoveries, shorter separation time and easy-to-perform collection procedure, which yielded the method to have potential for wide application.

目的 研究探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者阻塞平面的多种评估方式间的相关性.方法 2019年10月16日～2020年10月20日就诊于吉林大学第二医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科经便携式睡眠监测仪确诊为阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的27例拟手术患者.所有患者术前常规行电子纤维鼻咽喉镜下Müller's检查(Müller's maneuver,MM)、Friedman临床分型(Friedman score,Fs)、药物诱导睡眠内镜(drug-induced sleep endoscopy,DISE)来评估上气道阻塞情况,并进行VOTE评分.结果 MM中软腭和舌根平面阻塞率分别为92.59％和40.74％;DISE下软腭、口咽、舌根、会厌平面阻塞率分别为81.48％、88.89％、40.74％、62.96％.在软腭平面,MM、DISE检查结果具有一致性(55.56％),其中25.93％与Fs也具有一致性,结果有统计学意义(P<0.05);在MM、DISE检查结果不具有一致性的患者中,MM与Fs、DISE与Fs一致的分别占22.22％,18.52％;三者均不一致的占3.70％.结论 27例患者中,55.56％MM和DISE评估软腭平面阻塞具有一致性,但与Fs无明显一致性.因此,M M与DISE可作为指导评估阻塞平面的方式,Fs则可作为一种辅助方式参与评估.另外,与MM相比,DISE可发现更多平面阻塞,尤其是舌根或会厌平面的阻塞.临床上建议联合使用多种方式进行阻塞平面的评估.

Charge extraction by electron transport layers (ETLs) plays a vital role in improving the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, PSCs with four different types of ETLs, such as SnO2, amorphous‐Zn2SnO4 (am‐ZTO), am‐ZTO/SnO2, and SnO2/am‐ZTO, are successfully synthesized. The interface recombination behavior and the charge transport properties of the devices affected by four types of ETLs are systematically investigated. For dual am‐ZTO/SnO2 ETLs, compact am‐ZTO ETL prepared by the pulsed laser deposition method provides a dense physical contact with FTO than the spin coating films, decreasing leakage current and improving charge collection at the interface of ETL/FTO. Moreover, dual am‐ZTO/SnO2 ETLs lead to large free energy difference (ΔG), improving electron injection from perovskite to ETLs. One additional electron pathway from perovskite to am‐ZTO is formed, which can also improve electron injection efficiency. A power conversion efficiency of 20.04% and a stabilized efficiency of 19.17% are achieved for the device based on dual am‐ZTO/SnO2 ETLs. Most importantly, the devices are fabricated at a low temperature of 150 °C, which offers a potential method for large‐scale production of PSCs, and paves the way for the development of flexible PSCs. It is believed that this work provides a strategy to design ETLs via controlling ΔG and interface contact to improve the performance of PSCs.

SummaryBotrytis cinerea is the causative agent of grey mould on over 1000 plant species and annually causes enormous economic losses worldwide. However, the fungal factors that mediate pathogenesis of the pathogen remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a novel B. cinerea‐specific pathogenicity‐associated factor BcHBF1 (hyphal branching‐related factor 1), identified from virulence‐attenuated mutant M8008 from a B. cinerea T‐DNA insertion mutant library, plays an important role in hyphal branching, infection structure formation, sclerotial formation and full virulence of the pathogen. Deletion of BcHBF1 in B. cinerea did not impair radial growth of mycelia, conidiation, conidial germination, osmotic‐ and oxidative‐stress adaptation, as well as cell wall integrity of the ∆Bchbf1 mutant strains. However, loss of BcHBF1 impaired the capability of hyphal branching, appressorium and infection cushion formation, appressorium host penetration and virulence of the pathogen. Moreover, disruption of BcHBF1 altered conidial morphology and dramatically impaired sclerotial formation of the mutant strains. Complementation of BcHBF1 completely rescued all the phenotypic defects of the ∆Bchbf1 mutants. During young hyphal branching, host penetration and early invasive growth of the pathogen, BcHBF1 expression was up‐regulated, suggesting that BcHBF1 is required for these processes. Our findings provide novel insights into the fungal factor mediating pathogenesis of the grey mould fungus via regulation of its infection structure formation, host penetration and invasive hyphal branching and growth.

目的 初步调查鼻中隔偏曲(DNS)、慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉(CRSwNP)患者的精神心理状况,观察其手术前后的心理变化.方法 利用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估44例CRSwNP、41例DNS、31例声带息肉患者(对照组)手术前后焦虑、抑郁症状.另取39例健康者作健康对照.结果 术前各组的SAS和SDS评分依次为:健康组(36.74±10.39;38.51±11.30)、对照组(38.52±10.99;42.26± 10.42)、CRSwNP组(42.00±13.54;43.84±15.44)、DNS组(45.02± 10.80;48.32±11.21).健康组、对照组与DNS组之间的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).CRSwNP组和DNS组的术前、术后的SAS和SDS评分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).约1/3的DNS组和CRSwNP组的患者术后仍出现焦虑或抑郁症状.结论DNS、CRSwNP患者存在一定的焦虑、抑郁症状,术后其评分较术前改善,但约1/3的患者术后仍有焦虑、抑郁症状,必要时应给予心理干预.

Summary External auditory canal HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma is rare. A 47-year-old male patient found a lump locked in the right external auditory canal gradually enlarging during the 4 months. Preoperative examination suggested that the patient had infected with HIV. After surgical removal of the mass, the result of histopathological examination is Kaposi sarcoma. Postoperatively, the patient take tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz regularly. After follow-up for 2 years, no local recurrence or metastasis could be found after excision.

Objective:To evaluate the left ventricular segmental strains,global strains and systolic function in the patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(3D-STI),and to clarify the characteristics of early myocardial strain changes after PCI and their clinical values.Methods:Thirty patients received PCI for left anterior descending branch disease were enrolled as case group;at the same period, 30 healthy middleaged and elderly people were selected as control group.After two-dimensional ultrasound data were obtained regularly, the myocardial motion and systolic functions of the patients in two groups were detected with 3D-STI, and all segmental strain, global longitudinal strain(GLS), global radial strain(GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS)and global area strain(GAS) values of left ventricle and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) values were collected.Results:Compared with control group, the global strain values of the patients in case group were lower than those in control group;9/16 longitudimal strain(LS), 8/16 circumferential strain(CS), 5/16 radial strain(RS) and 11/16 area strain(AS) were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The decrease of strain value was mainly concentrated in the anterior segment of the anterior wall, the anterior segment of the anterior wall, anterior apical segment, anterior septal basal segment, anterior septal segment, posterior septal basal segment, posterior septal segment, and posterior septal segment.The GLS,GAS and GCS in case group were negatively correlated with LVEF(r=-0.819,r=-0.897,r=-0.807,P<0.0001);the GRS was postively correlated with LVEF(r=0.862,P<0.0001).Conclusion:3D-STI can quantitatively analyze the segmental wall motion of left ventricle and could apply the parameters to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy after PCI.

Castleman病（castleman’s disease,CD）又称巨大淋巴结增殖症、血管滤泡淋巴组织增生等,属原因不明的反应性淋巴组织增生性病变,主要累及浅表淋巴结及纵隔淋巴结[1]。Castleman病的发病部位为全身任何部位的淋巴组织,在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的主要临床表现为单侧无痛性淋巴结肿大,质软,边

Objective To explore the clinical features,pathological features and imaging manifestations of IgG4-related disease.Methods The clinical data of four cases of IgG4-related disease were analyzed and the related literatures were summarized.Results The average age was 55 years old.The proportion of male:female was 3∶1.2 cases occurred in the submandibular gland,1 in the eye socket and 1 in the facial region.There were no significant specificity,and the clinical manifestations were painless progressive swelling.Pathologic changes were lymphoid tissue and fibrous tissue hyperplasia,which had more plasma cell infiltration (IgG4 positive plasma cells more than 50 /HPF,IgG4 positive plas-ma cells were greater than 40% IgG positive plasma cells).Inflammatory changes were lesions on imaging area. Conclusion IgG4 related disease is a rarely clinical disease,pathogenesis is unclear.Combined with clinical manifes-tations,serological detection,pathological features and imaging findings,diagnosis results are obtained,and timely accurate treatment can be carried out.

Objective To explorethe clinical signs,symptoms,pathological and laboratory examinations,diagnosis,dif-ferential diagnosis and treatmentof Kimuras disease.Methods Clinical data of 1 1 cases of Kimuras disease were retro-spectively reviewed.The characteristics of laboratory and pathological examinations were summarized.The efficacies of surgical treatment and expectant treatmentwere compared.Results All patients were male,aged 39 years on theaver-age.The location of the disease was preauricular,retroauricular,neck andsubmaxillay.Theclinical manifestations were painless progressive swelling.Pathologic characteristics were massivelymphadenosis,with the formation of lymphoid folliculars,and eosinophil infiltration.Laboratory examinationsshowed increased peripheral blood eosinophilia,and ele-vated serum IgE.Conclusion The diagnosis of Kimuras disease is mainly based on clinical manifestations,laboratory and pathological examinations.As the disease is rare,with no specific clinical manifestations,chronic onset,and dura-tion long,misdiagnosis is likely to occur.Kimura disease through or Hormone therapy,radiotherapyand surgery can be adopted to treat this disease.