教师授课的好坏是决定教学质量高低的关键性指标."金教鞭"工程就是基于授课质量评估,将好的教学方法、教学艺术进行示范性传授,以培养年轻教师的手段.文章旨在探索一种以学生受益效果为主要指标的授课质量监管评价体系,以促进教学质量提高.

细胞生物电形成机制相关实验在本科教学中难于真实实现.本项目基于实际科学研究的数据,利用虚拟仿真技术,创立虚拟电压钳,在虚拟细胞上完成RP、AP的测定及影响因素分析、Hodgkin电压钳模拟实验3个独立但又层层递进、相互联系的实验.为医学与生物医学相关专业学生学习、理解细胞电生理机制提供了成功的实验范例.

文章全面回顾了全国大学生基础医学创新论坛暨实验设计大赛从筹备到执行的全过程.以全国性竞赛为载体,开展创新创业教育活动,从而培养医学生的创新思维和创新能力.

Accumulating evidence indicates that angiotensin (1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] protects against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in animal experiments. However, whether Ang-(1-7) effectively inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) remains unclear. The aim of this study is to examine the eff ;ects of Ang-(1-7) on TGF-β1-induced EMT in human alveolar epithelial cells. We found that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) /Ang-(1-7)/MasR were decreased in the lungs of mice with IPF induced by bleomycin, and were negatively correlated with Tgfb1 mRNA expression. In vitro, our data showed that exogenous Ang-(1-7) restored the expression of E-cadherin and decreased the expressions of α-SMA and Vimentin induced by TGF-β1 in A549 cells. Ang-(1-7) also reduced TGF-β1-induced migration and synthesis of the extracellular matrix, such as collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ. Mechanistically, we observed that Ang-(1-7) directly inhibited TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3, and suppressed the expression of the downstream target gene of TGF-β1-Smad signaling, including ZEB1, ZEB2, TWIST, and SNAIL1. Additionally, phosphorylation of mTOR induced by TGF-β1 also been suppressed by Ang-(1-7) treatment in A549 cells. Interestingly, we found that TGF-β1 strongly suppressed the expression of ACE2 in A549 cells through inhibiting SIRT1. In conclusion, our findings indicate that Ang-(1-7) directly inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT in alveolar epithelial cells via disruption of TGF-β1-Smad signaling pathway, contributing to the protective effect against IPF.

The National Basic Medical Innovation Forum and Experimental Design Competition is the most important national college student discipline competition in the basic medical learning stage of medical students. On the basis of brief introduction of previous competitions, this paper mainly introduces the characteristics and innovative work of the academic organization of the 5th National Basic Medical Innovation Forum and Experimental Design Competition, and further discusses how to better organize the competition and puts forward corresponding suggestions, continuing to enhance the academic influence of the competition and provide more for participants.

文章首先阐述了高校实验室建设的内涵及意义,然后分析了中南大学医学机能学实验教学中心文化建设目的与思路,最后指出了中南大学医学机能学实验教学中心建设的策略,包括环境文化建设,人文文化建设,管理文化建设,精神文化建设.

文章介绍了中南大学基础医学院在新医科背景下,以医学生早期科研思维培养、创新精神培育、实践创业能力训练为特征,以大创项目计划为驱动手段,以全国性竞赛为载体,开展创新创业教育活动,培养服务于人类健康、领军医疗行业的高级人才.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Folic acid supplementation has been suggested to reduce the risk of preeclampsia. However, results from few epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. We investigated the hypothesis that folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake before conception and during pregnancy reduce the risk of preeclampsia.SUBJECTS/ METHODS: A birth cohort study was conducted in 2010-2012 at the Gansu Provincial Maternity & Child Care Hospital in Lanzhou, China. A total of 10 041 pregnant women without chronic hypertension or gestational hypertension were enrolled.RESULTS: Compared with nonusers, folic acid supplement users had a reduced risk of preeclampsia (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43-0.87). A significant dose-response of duration of use was observed among women who used folic acid supplemention during pregnancy only (P-trend = 0.007). The reduced risk associated with folic acid supplement was similar for mild or severe preeclampsia and for early-or late-onset preeclampsia, although the statistical significant associations were only observed for mild (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.30-0.81) and late-onset (OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.42-0.86) preeclampsia. The reduced risk associated with dietary folate intake during pregnancy was only seen for severe preeclampsia (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.31-0.87, for the highest quartile of dietary folate intake compared with the lowest).CONCLUSIONS: Our study results suggest that folic acid supplementation and higher dietary folate intake during pregnancy reduce the risk of preeclampsia. Future studies are needed to confirm the associations.

内在凝血途径接触激活的启动因子是凝血因子Ⅻ(FⅫ),激活的FⅫa催化底物是FⅪ.但由于FⅫ缺陷并无出血倾向,FⅪ缺陷的出血倾向远较FⅧ与FⅨ缺陷为低.因此,长期以来对于内在途径接触环节的生物医学意义存在疑问.近十余年来,由于分子生物学技术和其它先进手段的广泛应用,对此研究有了突破性进展[1-6].现已明确酶原型FⅫ参与血管损伤的修复,FⅫ的体内天然激活物是血小板的聚磷酸盐(polyP)、细胞外RNA和DNA(包括中性粒细胞的细胞外诱捕网,NETs)以及胶原和层素.令人特别瞩目的是内在途径接触激活参与血栓形成[7-10],并已成为现代抗栓研究的新热点.本文聚焦介绍这一领域的进展.

我们通过检测穿支皮瓣游离移植术后发生静脉危象前后不同时段组织因子(TF)、组织因子途径抑制物(TFPI)浓度变化,旨在探讨TF、TFPI能否应用于穿支皮瓣移植术后静脉危象的早期诊断.一、材料与方法1.材料:4月龄新西兰大耳白兔30只,均由中南大学动物实验部提供.实验过程中对兔的处置严格按照动物医学伦理学标准.2.动物模型制备:所有兔随机分为实验组和对照组,每组15只,均构建腹壁浅动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植模型.其中实验组在腹壁浅动脉穿支皮瓣游离移植成功后予以结扎静脉以阻断皮瓣静脉回流造成静脉危象,对照组游离腹壁浅动脉穿支皮瓣移植术后不进行静脉结扎.术后观察兔的生命体征及皮瓣的变化。

The study attempts to explore a available for promotion and practical demonstration radiation scalability evaluation basis. And bring demonstrate radiation effect in "academic ideas and teaching concept, teaching materials and teaching method radiation, teaching field, technology, equipment regional sharing"and so on. Make high quality experiment teaching resources sharing and play a greater social benefits.

Objective To investigate the change of dynamic expression of t-PA and PAI-1 during early venous crisis after free perforator flap transplantation.Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand white rabbits weighed 2.5-3.0 kg were chosen and randomly divided into experimental group (n =15) and control group (n =15).Free transplantation of superficial epigastric artery perforator flap (SEAPF) was implemented in all rabbits firstly.Then the model of venous crisis was established by ligating the anastomosis vein in order to interrupt venous blood outflow in experimental group.The blood supply of all flaps was monitored by observing their color,swelling degree and the filling reaction of the capillaries after operation.Peripheral blood was drawn from femoral artery at different time point for measuring the concentration of t-PA and PAI-1 by Elisa.Partial flap tissue was harvested for pathological examination at corresponding time point.Data analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software.P ＜ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results One rabbit died of anesthesia,and the venous congestion was observed in 1 rabbit in control group.The models of free transplantation of SEAPF and venous crisis were established successfully in the remaining rabbits.No significant appearance change was observed within 1 h after the outflow vein being ligated,while typical appearance of venous crisis could be observed 2 hours after the outflow vein being ligated.Compared with the control group,the concentration of t-PA was lower,but the concentration of PAI-1 was higher in experimental group at 2 hours,4 hours,6 hours,8 hours after the outflow vein being ligated(P ＜ 0.05).However,there was no obvious differences between two groups at other time points (P ＞ 0.05).The pathological examination showed the red cells gradually got together and adhered to the venous wall,eventually the microcirculation had been blocked completely and theflap became necrosis after venous crisis being occurred.Conclusion t-PA and PAI-1 can't be used to diagnose early venous crisis of perforator flap transplantation.

【Objective】The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of puerarin on the expression of tissue factor(TF) induced by angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) in human umbilical vein endothelium derived cell line(HUVECs) and to elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of puerarin on the expression of TF induced by angiotensinII.【Methods】HUVECs were cultured in DMEM.TF activity was determined with one-stage clotting assay measuring total cellular procoagulant activity(PCA).PCA was recognized as TF activity by FVII deficient plasma and TF monoclonal antibody methods.TF antigen was determined with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).TF mRNA was examined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the activation of NF-κB.【Results】①Compared with the control,a gradual increase in PCA(r=0.9528,P0.05) was observed in HUVECs stimulated with increasing concentration of AngII(10-10～10-6 mol/L).Puerarin(62.5～500)mg/L alone could not inhibit the expression of TF in HUVECs(P0.05).When pretreated with puerarin(62.5～500)mg/L,puerarin could inhibit the expression of TF activity,TF antigen and mRNA induced by AngⅡ(P0.05),and 500 mg/L was the strongest concentration.500 mg/L puerarin decreased TF activity and TF antigen in HUVECs on a time dependent manner,reaching a maximum level after 12 h.②L-NAME alone,which is the inhibitor of NOS,had no marked effects on PCA and TF mRNA in HUVECs,but L-NAME significantly blocked the inhibitory effects of puerarin on TF PCA and mRNA expression induced by AngⅡ(P0.05).③Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that NF-κB translocation from cytoplasm to the nucleus was observed after treatment of endothelial cells with AngII.puerarin inhibited AngII-induced NF-κB translocation.【Conclusion】AngⅡ can induce the expression of TF in vascular endothelial cells and puerarin inhibits this effect at mRNA level.NO pathway participates in the inhibitory effects of puerarin on the expression of TF induced by AngⅡ.NF-κB translocation plays an important role in AngⅡ-induced TF expression and puerarin can inhibit this NF-κB translocation.

To evaluate the association of the PRM1, PRM2 genes variants with susceptibility of severely defective spermatogenesis in the Chinese Han population. Case-control study. Three hundred and nine cases of male infertility including two subgroups: 199 cases with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and 110 cases with severe oligozoospermia(SO), and 307 controls in the Chinese Han population were recruited. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PRM1 and PRM2 genes were genotyped by Sequenom iplex. The total cases, as well as the two subgroups of NOA and SO groups are compared with the control group, respectively. HWE, LD and haplotype analysis were performed with SHEsis software, available online http://analysis.bio-x.cn/myAnalysis.php. Strict Bonferroni correction was used to correct the P values of the allele frequency and genotype of each SNPs. The corrected significance level was at 0.0125 after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. PRM1 variant rs35576928 (p. R34S) was significantly associated with severe oligozoospermia and played a protective role in conferring susceptibility to the disease (P=0.0079, OR=0.426). The dominant model (variant-containing genotypes) of the SNP was confirmed to be a protective factor of SO (P=0.0078, OR=0.387). Haplotypes analysis of PRM1 and PRM2 genes in combination exhibited that haplotype TACCGGC exhibited a significant protective effect on the SO when compared with the controls (P=0.002, OR=0.602, 95%CI=0.432-0.838). Haplotype TACCTGC was strongly associated with the risk of the clinical subtype of SO (P=0.002, OR=2.716, 95%CI=1.398- 5.273). Our findings indicated that PRM1 variant rs35576928 (p. R34S) was associated with severely defective spermatogenesis in the Chinese Han population.

糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌疾病,其患病率和死亡率呈逐渐增高的趋势,高血糖还可以诱发冠心病和动脉粥样硬化[1].糖尿病发生的病因尚未完全明确,且无法根治,目前治疗的手段主要是控制血糖水平和防治并发症.因此,寻找安全有效的治疗糖尿病药物,是临床医学实践中迫切需要解决的课题.本研究探讨了桑地合剂有效部位对四氧嘧啶小鼠糖尿病的预防及治疗作用,现介绍如下.

高等医学院校的实验教学是对学生进行创新教育和能力培养的重要载体,而医学机能实验教学则在医学教学中承担着更为重要的使命..本文总结了在机能实验学教学方面的自主命题探索性实验设计改革的经验和体会,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用,以提高我国机能实验学教学水平.

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that there are differences between in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes for their survival rates following vitrification The purpose of this study is to determine the competency of cryodamage resistance of in vitro matured oocytes in the presence of cysteamine during in vitro maturation (IVM).DESIGN: Animal-model study.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female mice (CD-1) were stimulated with 10IU PMSG. Oocytes were collected after 48h and the collected oocytes were divided into following groups: (1) Cumulus-oocyte-complex (COC); (2) denuded groups. Both COC and denuded oocytes were cultured in IVM medium containing 75mIU/mL FSH and LH, 10% FBS for 16 h in the presence or absence of cysteamine (200μM). Following culture, the maturated oocytes were either vitrified or inseminated immediately. Vitrification and thawing procedures were performed with McGill Cryoleaf as reported previously. Vitrified oocytes were thawed and inseminated on the other day. Fertilization rate were recorded 24 h after insemination, and early embryonic development were assessed. Statistical differences were considered significant at p<0.05.RESULTS: The presence of cysteamine during IVM significantly increased maturation rate in COC group but had no significant difference in denuded group. The presence of cyseamine during IVM does not improve the survival rate of in vitro matured oocytes with or without cumulus cells during IVM. However, the presence of cumulus cells during IVM had better fertilization rate (p<0.05) compared to the denuded oocytes after vitrification-thawing. The presence of cysteamine during IVM significantly reduced the fragmentation rate in cumulus-intact group compared to cumulus-free group following vitrification-thawing.CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cysteamine during IVM has beneficial effect on both COC and denuded oocytes in terms of their competency of subsequent fertilization and early embryonic development following vitrification. OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that there are differences between in vitro and in vivo matured oocytes for their survival rates following vitrification The purpose of this study is to determine the competency of cryodamage resistance of in vitro matured oocytes in the presence of cysteamine during in vitro maturation (IVM). DESIGN: Animal-model study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female mice (CD-1) were stimulated with 10IU PMSG. Oocytes were collected after 48h and the collected oocytes were divided into following groups: (1) Cumulus-oocyte-complex (COC); (2) denuded groups. Both COC and denuded oocytes were cultured in IVM medium containing 75mIU/mL FSH and LH, 10% FBS for 16 h in the presence or absence of cysteamine (200μM). Following culture, the maturated oocytes were either vitrified or inseminated immediately. Vitrification and thawing procedures were performed with McGill Cryoleaf as reported previously. Vitrified oocytes were thawed and inseminated on the other day. Fertilization rate were recorded 24 h after insemination, and early embryonic development were assessed. Statistical differences were considered significant at p<0.05. RESULTS: The presence of cysteamine during IVM significantly increased maturation rate in COC group but had no significant difference in denuded group. The presence of cyseamine during IVM does not improve the survival rate of in vitro matured oocytes with or without cumulus cells during IVM. However, the presence of cumulus cells during IVM had better fertilization rate (p<0.05) compared to the denuded oocytes after vitrification-thawing. The presence of cysteamine during IVM significantly reduced the fragmentation rate in cumulus-intact group compared to cumulus-free group following vitrification-thawing. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cysteamine during IVM has beneficial effect on both COC and denuded oocytes in terms of their competency of subsequent fertilization and early embryonic development following vitrification.

Objective. To evaluate the effects of angiotensin II on the expression of tissue factor (TF) in the cell line ECV304 and the effects of angiotensin (1-7) on induced TF angiotensin II expression. Methods. ECV304 cells were cultured in RPMI1640 medium. The procoagulant activity (PCA) was determined with one-stage clotting assay and TF mRNA examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the activation of NF-κB. Results. Compared with the control, angiotensin II (10 –10 – 10 –6 mol/L) significantly increased PCA of ECV304 cells and TF mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01, r = 0.9631) and the peak concentration was 10 –6 mol/L. Angiotensin (1-7) (10 –10 – 10 –7 mol/L) alone could not change the PCA, but pretreated the ECV304 cells with angiotensin (1-7), which

提高国家示范性实验教学中心的利用效率,达到资源共享的目的。以学生医学机能实验教学为主体,在实验场地、实验内容、实验选课、大学生创新教育、教师教改等方面实行全方位的开放。开展大学生创新教育,探索新的实验教学项目、改进实验教学方法和手段,充分调动教师和学生探索实验教学改革和科学创新的积极性。

The cultivation of college students' research capability, innovation and practical ability is a basic mission of university teaching. As the main participants in innovative education and practice, the teachers' level of innovation capability has a direct impact on education. The experimental design teaching effectively improved the enthusiasm both in teachers and student, cultivated the innovative spirit of students, and promoted teaching and studing.