Abstract Background Cognitive impairments are commonly observed in older adults, and there is an increasing number of older adults experiencing cognitive difficulties. Social participation plays a crucial role in promoting active aging, but its relationship with the cognitive function of older adults still needs further confirmation. Methods Based on the panel data from the 5 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), this study uses fixed-effect model, propensity score matching and mediation analysis to explore the relationship between social participation and cognitive function in older adults Results After adjusting the confounders, social participation is positively associated with cognitive function in older adults (β = 1.65, P < 0.001). Specifically, self-entertainment-type social participation shows the strongest positive association (β = 1.09, P < 0.001), followed by household labor-type social participation (β = 0.58, P < 0.001), while the impact of group interaction-type social participation is the weakest (β = 0.47, P < 0.001). Activities of daily living (ADL) mediates the relationship between social participation and cognitive function in older adults, with the strongest mediating effect in the impact of household labor-type social participation. Limitations Our study focuses on Chinese participants, so the findings may not apply globally due to varying social habits. The research doesn't account for potentially confounding factors that affect cognitive function. The survey's limited social participation questions may not accurately depict daily life. Conclusions Research suggests that social participation significantly predicts cognitive function in older adults. Thus, encouraging various social activities may effectively prevent cognitive decline.

ObjectiveThis study is designed to investigate the relationship between Internet use and subjective well-being of the older adults in China, and to analyze the mediating role of subjective social fairness in the above relationship.MethodsBased on the five-wave mixed interface survey data of China General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2012, 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2018, we select a total of 18,458 older adults aged 60 and above, and comprehensively used ordered probit regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediating effect test methods.ResultsThe analysis results show that (1) Internet use is significantly positively correlated with the subjective well-being of the older adults, and the higher the frequency of use, the stronger the subjective well-being. (2) Place of residence, education, and regional factors moderated the effect of Internet use on subjective well-being. The subjective well-being effect of Internet use is significant among male older adults, as well as on urban, educated, or eastern older adults. (3) Subjective social fairness plays a negative mediating role in the relationship between Internet use and subjective well-being of older adults.ConclusionThe findings suggest that Internet use contributes to the improvement of subjective well-being in older adults, but attenuates this effect by reducing the subjective social fairness. Future research should further consider other factors such as the purpose, specific function, intensity of Internet use, etc., to gain a deeper understanding of how the Internet can help promote well-being.

Abstract The discrepancy between fertility intentions and fertility behavior has been a common occurrence, yet there is no consensus regarding the impact of education on fertility deviations and the underlying mechanisms. Drawing on data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) conducted in 2017, this study examines the influence of education on fertility deviations and investigates the mediating mechanisms through which education affects such deviations. The findings reveal that the relationship between education and fertility deviation is not simply linear.The individuals with both lower and higher levels of education are prone to deviate from their intended fertility, but in contrasting ways. Those with lower level of education tend to exhibit lower fertility intentions compared to their actual fertility behavior, whereas the reverse is observed among individuals with higher education levels. As educational attainment increases, the phenomenon of fertility intentions surpassing actual behavior becomes more pronounced. The stepwise regression analysis of the mediating effect and the results of the KHB decomposition demonstrate that personal income and age of first marriage serve as mediators in the educational influence on fertility deviation, with the latter playing a particularly significant role. Based on these findings, the following recommendations are proposed: shortening the duration of compulsory education and lower the legal age of marriage; redefine the concept of educational involution and decrease the financial burden of children's education; promote balanced development of basic education and bridge the educational disparities between urban and rural areas.

In recent years, China’s Internet penetration rate has increased, and the scale of middle-aged and older adults’ netizen has continued to expand. However, the impact of internet use on mental health remains controversial. This paper analyzes 14,497 middle-aged and older adults’ valid respondents in the 2018 Chinese Family Panel Study (CFPS2018) to evaluate the impact of Internet use on the mental health of middle-aged and older adults and its intermediary mechanisms. The findings show that moderate use of the Internet can significantly reduce depression levels and boost cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults. But excessive internet use will also lead to increased levels of depression and decreased cognitive function. Different Internet use purposes will also lead to different psychological states. Online socializing, entertainment and business activities can significantly reduce depression levels and promote cognitive functions. Online studying and working only have positive effects on cognitive functions, which have no significant relationship to depression levels. In addition, analysis of the mediation effect found that life satisfaction is a path mechanism for Internet use and affect different dimensions of mental health.

以成宜高速公路ZCB1标段为工程背景,采用FLAC3D有限差分软件建立相应路基模型,计算分析了地基土在固结与未固结两种工况下的路堤填筑稳定性,得出以下结论:①未固结软土天然强度薄弱,但经固结后强度满足一般路基设计需求;②地基土抗剪强度较低时,地表倾斜对地基土的位移影响更为明显.临界状态时,路基结构倾向于从薄弱一侧先发生破坏,另一侧保持相对稳定;③软土天然渗透系数较低,仅依靠堆载促进软土渗流固结,所需施工时间偏长,在工程中应结合工期和成本,合理选择地基处理方式.

土地规模化经营能否提高粮食生产效率,一直是学界争论的焦点.该研究基于2006年—2018年中国内地的省级面板数据,运用空间计量模型研究户均粮食播种面积对粮食单产的影响.研究发现,户均粮食播种面积和粮食单产均具有显著的空间自相关性,呈现出"高—高"型和"低—低"型集聚的特征;户均粮食播种面积对粮食单产具有显著影响,呈"U"型曲线关系,即伴随户均粮食播种面积的增加,粮食单产先减少,后增加.长远来看,规模化经营有利于粮食单产的提高.因此要真正实现粮食单产的提高,需要通过土地流转集中碎片化的土地,实现规模化经营.与此同时,还应鼓励多种形式的规模化生产,加强集约化所需要的生产条件建设.

本文基于中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查(CLHLS)2005、2008(含2009)、2011(含2012)、2014年4期数据,研究社区支持对老年健康的影响.利用工具变量方法解决存在的内生性问题,ivprobit估计结果显示:社区支持对老年自评健康、身体健康和心理健康均有显著的积极影响,医疗保健、生活照料、精神文化、调解维权4类社区服务均对老年健康有促进作用.其中,社区生活照料服务的作用最强,精神文化服务的作用最弱.因此,应不断加强社区建设,助力更好的社区服务,为老年人健康提供更好的社区支持.

初婚年龄对离婚风险的影响一直存在争议.基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2012、2013、2015三年数据,运用二元Logistics模型和多层次Logit模型研究女性初婚年龄对离婚风险的影响.研究结果显示:初婚年龄对离婚风险的影响并未出现理论假设中的U型关系.与20～24岁正常婚龄内初婚的女性相比较,15～19岁早婚和25～27岁晚婚的女性离婚风险没有明显上升,但是28～40岁晚婚的女性离婚风险约为前者的1.4倍.研究结果支持了"差匹配效应",在一定程度上解释了为何晚婚会导致离婚风险的升高.为了促进婚姻稳定,建议采取相关措施鼓励女性在正常婚龄内结婚.

改革开放以来,中国经济社会快速发展,但同时离婚率也不断升高,尤其是2002年以来,增速加快,已经超过许多发达国家.文章基于中国2010—2018年省级面板数据(港澳台地区除外),运用固定效应模型分析离婚率的影响因素,研究结果显示:人均GDP对数、城镇人口比重、城镇失业率、15岁及以上人口性别比、住房价格对数都对离婚率有正向的显著影响,其中人均GDP和住房价格上升与近年来离婚率持续上升存在较大关联.降低离婚率,需要从培育健康婚育观、注重人性化城市建设、适当控制住房价格、加强青年夫妻就业服务保障、完善婚姻法五个方面采取应对策略.

基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2015年数据,运用Logistic回归模型,深入探讨影响和制约育龄妇女二孩生育意愿的内在动因与外在因素.研究结果表明,育龄妇女二孩生育意愿受到以下六个因素的影响:居住地、受教育程度、婚姻状况、工作状况、健康状况、重男轻女思想认同.相比农村育龄妇女,城市育龄妇女二孩生育意愿较弱;相比受教育程度为大学及以上的育龄妇女,受教育程度为小学及以下的育龄妇女二孩生育意愿更强;相比没有配偶的育龄妇女,有配偶的育龄妇女二孩生育意愿更强;相比没有从事非农工作的育龄妇女,从事非农工作的育龄妇女二孩生育意愿较弱;相比身体不健康的育龄妇女,身体健康的育龄妇女二孩生育意愿更强;相比重男轻女思想较轻和没有的育龄妇女,重男轻女思想严重的育龄妇女二孩生育意愿更强.

住房作为每个家庭的必需品,与老百姓的生活息息相关,而离婚率作为婚姻稳定性的综合反映,是否会对住房价格产生影响,值得关注.基于2003年～2017年中国31个省市(自治区)面板数据,运用空间计量模型研究离婚率对住房价格的影响,结果表明:1)离婚率对住房价格有显著的正向影响,离婚率每上升一个千分点,住房价格上涨6.26％,说明离婚率攀升不仅代表婚姻市场不稳定,而且容易造成住房价格快速上升.2)依据中国房地产调控政策,进行分时段模型估计,结果表明2003年～2009年、2010年～2017年中国离婚率对住房价格均有显著的正向影响,但其影响程度呈现下降(从0.130 7到0.041 8).因此以政府为主体,对房地产市场进行宏观调控仍然是未来经济健康发展的必要手段.3)中国离婚率对住房价格的影响始终不具备空间溢出效应,即本省(邻省)离婚率对邻省(本省)住房价格影响不显著,这可能与住房价格较强的空间集聚性和房地产政策的户籍限制有关.

社会失序理论认为社会组织与违法犯罪活动相联系,社会组织的发展能提高非正式社会控制水平,对打击违法犯罪活动能够采取非正式、非官方行动.基于2008～2016年中国大陆31个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,采用系统广义矩估计法,实证分析社会组织对中国刑事犯罪率的影响.研究结果表明,社会组织数量对中国刑事犯罪率有显著的负向影响,每万人社会组织数每增加1个,每万人被批捕的刑事犯罪嫌疑人数量下降0.27人.因此,为降低中国刑事犯罪率,维护社会稳定,可以通过助力空间均衡发展、提升认知性社会资本、推进中国政社精细化合作等措施促进社会组织健康有序发展.

目的:分析互联网普及对我国人均医疗费用的影响.方法:运用stata13.0软件分析互联网普及率、人均医疗费用的空间自相关性,基于2007—2016年我国31省份的面板数据,根据空间计量模型,使用Matlab7.0软件分析互联网普及对我国门诊病人人均医疗费用、住院病人人均医疗费用的影响.结果:互联网普及对我国人均医疗费用有显著的正向影响,其中互联网普及程度每上升一个百分点,门诊病人人均医疗费用上涨0.44％,住院病人人均医疗费用上涨0.76％;互联网的普及程度对我国人均医疗费用的影响具有空间溢出效应,并且存在负反馈效应.结论:互联网普及能够从空间距离上解决"看病难"的问题,拓展了就医通道,增加了医疗费用.因此要严格把控网上医疗卫生服务平台,以及解决互联网普及给人们看病就诊增加的经济负担.

随着高等教育的发展和思政课改革的不断深入,高校思想政治课存在的薄弱环节和被动滞后问题逐步凸显,因此对高校思政课进行创新改进很有必要.寻求新方法,解决新问题,总结新经验,全力推进高校思想政治教育课程的创新改革.作为以人才培养为中心的高等院校,师生思想日益多样化,思想政治教育更应以人才素质为出发点,以创新培养为宗旨,着力推动创新创业(简称“双创”)教育与思想政治课程相融合的教学模式,丰富和发展“双创”教育的内容,并培养新时代下的高素质人才.

以贝克尔生育经济学理论为基础,结合中国人口实际发展情况,认为家庭的平均受教育水平在较低和较高的情况下,都会选择多生子女,以达到人口的效用最大化.将其扩展到宏观层面,受教育水平对人口出生率的影响不应是单纯的线性关系.基于2003-2017年中国大陆省级面板数据,利用空间计量模型,实证分析发现人均受教育年限对人口出生率的影响呈“U”型关系,并且存在空间溢出效应,同时还发现高等教育普及率对本区域和周边地区人口出生率均有显著的正向影响.因此,教育进步不仅是提高人口素质的重要手段,更能起到人口数量调整的作用,教育事业的进步对人口发展具有重要意义.

目的:研究四川省人口老龄化对医疗保健消费支出的影响,为应对老年人健康问题提供理论和实证依据.方法:根据1995-2016年四川省统计年鉴的相关数据,采用描述性统计分析四川省人口老龄化及居民卫生医疗保健支出情况;采用多元回归法分析四川省老年人口比重变化对医疗保健消费支出的影响.结果:四川省人口老龄化进程加快,居民卫生医疗保健支出显著增长,老年人消费蕴含巨大潜力,而人口老龄化加剧了医疗保健消费的增长.此外,收入增长也促进了医疗保健消费的支出.结论:四川省相关政策应重视老年人生理上和心理上对医疗保健支出的需求,发挥老年人对医疗保健行业的支撑作用;及时关注老年人医疗保健消费支出的变化趋势,促进医疗保健行业的健康发展.

[目的/意义]研究我国城镇化、老龄化对人身保险市场发展的影响,以期为人身保险行业的健康发展提供合理建议.[方法/过程]基于我国31个省、自治区、直辖市(港澳台除外)2007—2016年的面板数据,运用动态面板广义矩估计(GMM)方法进行实证分析.[结果/结论]城镇化对人身保险市场的积极影响主要体现在人身保险密度和市场份额,但是不利于人身保险深度.老龄化对人身保险密度、深度和市场份额均有显著的正向影响,说明当前的老龄化过程不仅有利于人均保费的增长和人身保险在整个保险市场占比的增加,而且还有利于提高人身保险在整个国民经济中的地位.

基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2010年、2012年、2013年、2015年的数据,运用Logistic回归模型研究新旧媒体使用频率对基层政治参与的影响,结果显示:旧媒体报纸、电视对公民投票行为有显著的正向影响,新媒体互联网对公民投票行为有显著的负向影响.新旧媒体对政治参与影响的差异,主要和媒体的管控程度和传播方式有关.因此,未来需要进一步加大对新媒体的安全监管和舆论引导,培养公民对媒体的正确使用方式以及对问题的客观公正的看法和言论.

基于2003～2016年中国农村省级面板数据,运用混合模型、固定效应和随机效应模型考察了农村人口变动对粮食生产的影响.通过全国和分区域数据比较研究,发现农村人口数的减少反而有利于粮食产量的增加;老年抚养比对粮食生产虽然有正向影响,但分区域均不显著;少儿抚养比对粮食生产的负向作用仅在西部得到体现.该结论印证了中国的粮食生产已经在向现代农业转变,农村人口的减少和老龄化不会影响粮食安全.

文章基于2009—2015年中国省级面板数据,运用动态面板的广义矩估计(GMM)方法,研究入境旅游外汇收入的影响因素,研究结果显示:人均GDP、四星级及以上景区数、四星级及以上饭店数、入境旅游人次、铁路里程、高速公路里程对入境旅游外汇收入均有显著的正向影响.研究结论凸显了经济发展、旅游资源、住宿设施、区位交通等对入境旅游外汇收入的重要性,未来入境旅游发展需要从这些方面着力提升.