Plant VIP1 (VirE2 interacting protein 1) is involved in the transportation of T-DNA in plant cells afterAgrobacterium infection, affecting plant transformation efficiency. However, the function ofTaVIP1 is unknown. Using in silico technique, a family ofTaVIP1 genes were successfully cloned from common wheat in this study. The gene family encompasses four exons and shares high similarity among its members while only shares 50.7%–51.4% similarity to the AtVIP1 inArabidopsis. Southern blot-ting assay showed that theTaVIP1 had three allelic copies in wheat genome. The three copies ofTaVIP1 were further assigned to wheat chromosomes 4AL, 4BS, and 4DS according to Blastn in the IWGSC (International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consor-tium) database, and experimentally confirmed by PCR using specific primers to eachTaVIP1 allele based on their DNA sequences and Langdon-Chinese Spring disomic substitution lines. Subcellular localization analysis showed that TaVIP1 proteins were lo-cated in cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Over-expression of TaVIP1 in tobacco obviously reducedAgrobacte-rium-mediated transformation efficiency. The amino acid sequence encoded byTaVIP1 only had low similarity to the correspond-ing amino acid sequence encoded byAtVIP1 inArabidopsis orNtVIP1 in tobacco. This might be a reason of the low transforma-tion efficiency of wheat mediated byAgrobacterium.

以玉米幼胚为受体材料,研究了基因型、2,4-D质量浓度以及蔗糖质量浓度对胚性愈伤组织诱导率的影响,以及幼胚大小对愈伤组织诱导率的影响.结果表明,基因型是影响胚性愈伤组织诱导率的一个最重要因素,H99×A188的诱导率最高,达到45.28％;幼胚长度1.5～2.0 mm的愈伤组织诱导率最高,达到98％;N6诱导培养基中添加2,4-D的质量浓度为2.0 mg/L时胚性愈伤组织的色泽鲜艳,呈鲜黄色,且呈颗粒状,具有良好的胚性.蔗糖的最佳质量浓度为30 g/L.

The sterilized seeds of Ningqi 1 of Lycium barbarum L.and Nongda 1 of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill were germinated on MS or 1/2MS medium to acquire aseptic seedlings,and then,using the seedlings to induce callus on MS medium supplemented.A stable cell suspension culture system was established with callus of L.barbarum L.and L.esculentum Mill after several rounds of subculture.The results showed that supplement of 1.0mg/L 2,4-D and 1.5mg/L KT for L.barbarum L.and 1.0mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0mg/L KT for L.esculentum Mill in MS solid culture medium are the best condition for inducing callus both of them,and achieved 68.45% and 64.33%induction rate respectively.Treating suspension cell of 0.5% enzyme(Pectinase),1% cellulase(Cellulase),isolated and R-10 0.2%(Macerozyme R-10),0.2%,hemicellulase(Hemicellulase) at 30℃,pH 5.0-6.0 with a 12 ~16h shaking resulted in the protoplast actvitity for 2 days.

Taking the root tip of seed fromAstragalus mongolicus as material,the chromosome number,karyotype and zone type of somatic cell were studied by the methods of chemical staining,producer slide,C-banding methods and technology,computer and its software measurement and so on.The results showed that the number of RTC of Astragalus mongolicus was 8,and the karyotype formula was 2n=16=2L+4M1+6M2+4S.The karyotype belonged to 2Btype;and A.sK(asymmetrical karyotype coefficient)=16.17/25.63×100%=63.09%.The total volume of chromosome was 69.0μm3.In addition,the C-banding formula was 2n=16=8m+6sm+2sm+sat.There was a satellite in the segment of short arm of chromosome 3,which would lay the foundation for identifying and utilizing Astragalus membranaceus and Astragalus mongolicus.

The effects of genotype on the induction of embryogenic callus and the induction medium,subculture medium,differentiation medium and rooting medium were studied in order to establish a high efficiency and stable maize regeneration system. The results showed that genotype could significantly affect embryogenic callus induction rate,and the induction rate of H99 × A188 was the highest( 45. 28%); N6 culture medium was suitable for maiz embryogenic callus induction and subculture. The combination of MS with 6-BA 1. 0 mg / L + KT 2. 0 mg / L was the highest in the differentiation culture medium,and the 1 /2MS medium supplemented with 1. 0 mg / L IBA and 1. 0 g / L activated carbon was suitable for rooting culture.

In order to exploiture of buckwheat resource , a study of antioxidant activity in vitro of water extracts from buckwheat was made. This text used Antioxidant Kit to measure the scavenging activities of water extracts from buckwheat to hydroxyl radical(·OH), oxygen free radical(O2-·)and DHHP radical. The result expressed there were rich in phenolics and flavonoids. Reducing power of water extracts from buckwheat was more than 2 800 U/mL. The strong scavenging free radical activity was found in extracts. There were significant differences among varieties and habitat.

The embryogenic callus of maize transformation was generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens.The result showed that the resistant callus regenerated was influenced by the genotype,time of callus subculture,Agrobacterium strains,herbicide concentration and antibacterial agent concentration.The genotype was the main factor affecting the genetic transformation of maize,and the calli subcultured for six days were optimum for agrobacterium infection.The Agrobacterium tumefacien strain EHA105was better than EHA101for infection. In selection medium,the highest concentration of herbcide was 4.0 mg/L and the suitable concentration of antibiotics was 500mg/L,which had the lowest influence on the plant regeneration.

The apoplast and plant cells are inextricably linked,yet the response to drought stress within apoplast has rarely been reported.In this paper,the drought stress responses of apoplastic endogenous hormones in tender stems of three poplar species were studied by using MD-HPLC coupled technique.Four kinds of endogenous hormones in the apoplast of tender stems of living poplar which were dialyzed by microdialysis probe,i.e.benzylaminopurine(6-BA),gibberellic acid(GA 3),indole aceticacid(3-IAA),and abscisic acid(ABA),were then simultaneously determined by HPLC.The results show that drought stress has a significant effect on the content of endogenous hormones within the apoplast(P0.05).As the drought stress was intensified and lasting,the contents of GA 3,6-BA and 3-IAA obviously decreased while the content of ABA increased significantly(P0.01),meanwhile the contents of GA 3,6-BA,3-IAA and ABA has changed differently among poplar species.This paper has provided a new basis for study on physiological response mechanism to drought stress and it also provides a new method for the dynamically quantitative analysis of the apoplastic endogenous hormone in vivo.

The DREB2A gene was transferred into maize inbred line H99 and hybrid of H99×A188 by Agrobac- terium tumefaciens mediated transformation. Factors influencing transformation efficiency including concentration of bacterial infecting liquid, infection time and acetosyringone (AS) concentration were studied in this research. The results showed that the infection ability of Agrobacterium suspension with 0.5~0.6 of OD values was the best and the favorable infection time was 20 mins. The optimum concentration of acetosyringone (AS) in co-culture medium was 150 μmol/L. 110 transgenic indiviuals were obtained by employing this optimal transformation system. The results of PCR amplification presented that five individuals were positive that indicated the target gene might be integrated into maize genome.

【Objective】 In this study,effects of 1-MCP-treated on softening mechanism in the melon（Cucumis melo L.var Yujinxiang） fruit during storage were investigated.【Method】 Colour-change stage melon were treated with 1 μL/L 1-MCP at（21±1） ℃ temperature for 24 h,non-treated melon as control,and then the melon was stored at（10±1） ℃,70%-80% RH condition.Firmness,polygalacturonase（PG）,pectinmethylesterase（PME）,endo-β-1,4-glucanase（EGase）,β-glucosidase and β-galactosidase activities of the melon were determined during storage.【Result】 Results showed that 1-MCP treatment was effective in delaying decline of the melon firmness during storage.PME,PG and EGase activities increased during postharvest storage,but there were no significant changes of β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase activities for the control melon.While compared with control,1-MCP significantly inhibited PG,PME and EGase activity increased,but there were less effect of 1-MCP-treated on β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase activities of the melon.【Conclusion】 The results illustrated that decreased softening in 1-MCP-treated melon was associated with significant declining the activities of PG,PME and EGase.

Objective:To extract and analyse the composition of fatty acid in Cynanchum komarovii Al.seeds.Methods:By soxhlet extraction from Cynanchum komarovii Al.seeds extract fat-soluble composition,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detecting its chemical composition.Results:the 15 fatty acid were separated and identified from Cynanchum komarovii Al.seeds,and amount to the total fractions of chromatographic peak area 99.39%.Mainly for linoleic acid(0.79%),linolelaidicacid(0.21%),oleic acid(Z)-(2.11%),elaidic acid(58.85%),linolenic acid(0.32%),Heptadecanoic acid(0.45%),Hexadecanoic acid,14-methyl-(2.17%),Octadecanoic acid(7.8%),Hexadecanoic acid(9.12%),palmitoleic acid(17.11%).Conclusion:In Cynanchum komarovii Al.seeds,fatty acid mainly was unsaturated fatty acid,and the main fatty acids was elaidic acid and palmitoleic acid.

为了解宁夏春小麦的品质遗传基础,应用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）技术,对33个普通小麦品种（包括地方品种、育成品种和引进品种）HMW-GS构成、不同等位基因间亚基变异及出现频率系统分析,并计算了品质得分。结果表明,宁夏春小麦品种HMW-GS等位基因Glu-A1编码1、1*、2*、null 4种亚基,Glu-B1编码7、6+8、7+8、7+9、17+18 5种,Glu-D1编码2+12、5+10 2种亚基,频率最高的亚基分别是1（69.70%）、7（36.36%）、5+10（84.85%）;参试材料的品质评分为6～10,平均分为8.42分;优质亚基组成类型如1、7+8、5+10,1、7+9、5+10在育成品种中出现频率较高。

对荒漠植物牛心朴子种子的生态适应特征进行了研究.结果表明,牛心朴子种子椭圆形或矩圆形,成熟呈棕褐色,扁平.种缨白色、绢状,伞形,长1.2 ～2.0 cm.牛心朴子种子大小差异不明显,长度平均为8.352 2±0.70044 mm/个,宽度平均为4.478 8±0.390 06 mm/个,厚度平均为1.279 6±0.148 16 mm/个,种子长、宽、厚比值为6.53:3.50:1.牛心朴子种子全重(含缨毛)为0.017 56±0.005 438 6 g/个,种子缨毛为0.002 085±0.000 555 62 g/个.种缨毛含量为11.873 6％.千粒重为17.131 2±0.3902 g.种子发芽率(％)为66.667±0.011 547;样方内种子数量为437.5 ～875粒/m2.种子水平传播距离D为0.9m,种子大多数散落于母株0～0.60 m范围内,只有少于1.2％种子可以散布到1 m左右的距离.

To further improve the student's experimental skills in the cell biology experiment teaching,the experimental teaching team through rforming the teaching methods unceasingly,adapts the new teaching system,and adjusts the experimental content and the form promptly.By establishing perfect merit rating system,and grasping the good quality of teaching,etc.,the student's potential is excavated to strengthen the self-confidence and interest,thus the student's experimental skills are improved.Through analyses in the recent four years,the results show that the majority of students can enhance their professional skills,and improve their independent working abilities,and the independent study consciousness.All of these could be beneficial to strengthening the team cooperation consciousness.

To improve postharvest quality of ＇Yujinxiang＇ melon（Cucumis melo L.）,effects of treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene（1-MCP） combined with chitosan（CTS） coating or chitosan coating storage at 10 oC,70%~80%RH were evaluated in this study.The changes of endogenous hormones were analysis,incluing ethylene,abscisic acid（ABA）,indoleacetic acid（IAA）,gibberellic acid（GA3） and zeatin riboside（ZR）.The results showed as follows：both of CTS-coating alone and 1-MCP＋CTS-coating treatments retarded the fruit soften.What is more,the treatments reduced endogenous ABA and delayed the peak of ABA levels for 14 d.Compared with control,the treatments decreased IAA and maintained IAA at low level.1-MCP＋CTS-coating treatment was more effective than CTS to reduce the content of ABA.Furthermore,increases in levels of ethylene production rates and GA3 in the melon were prevented by the treatment.The level of IAA was remarkably declined by CTS-coating treatment.As a conclusion,CTS-coating or 1-MCP＋CTS-coating treatments decreased the level of ABA and maintained the IAA at low level.That might be associated with delaying senescent of the postharvest melon.

以克新5号脱毒试管苗为试验材料,研究光照强度对马铃薯脱毒试管苗苗干重、根干重、株高、叶片数、根条数和根长的影响。结果表明:光照强度为2 500~5 000 lx能有效促进马铃薯脱毒试管苗生长。此条件下,培养14 d时,平均单株苗干重55 mg、根干重26 mg、株高6.20 cm、叶片数6.8片、根条数6.7条和根长5.41 cm。

According to different timing and stages of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium application,A pot experiment was carried out to study High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunit(HMW-GS) composition and expression.The results showed: In different kinds of fertilizer application,with the development of the quantity of HMW-GS begin to accumulate,and the accumulation arrived its peak at the 25th day post flowering,that was in max ripening stage,then the quantity begin to decrease;The different kinds of fertilizer application could improve the accumulation of HMW-GS.

[Objective] The aim was to study the effects of storage temperature on quality and physiology of melon.[Method] Quality and physiology changes of Cucumis melo L.var Yujinxiang stored at 5,10 or 20 ℃ were detected in order to select the optical storage temprature.[Result] Firmness decreased progressively during storage.It was slowly decreases at 5 ℃ and this elucidated low temprature was beneficial to retarding the fruit firmness.TSS content of the fruit stored at low temperature(5 or 10 ℃) that was no different significantly decreased slower than that of storing at 20 ℃.Respiration rate decreased from 0 d to 4 d,and then increased to the peak value at 8 d.This results suggested 'yujinxing' melon was climacteric fruit.The respiration rate was inhibited by storing at low temperature.Ethylene production performed the same trend as respiration rate.Moreover weight loss and soluble pectin content increased during the storage time,but it was lower by storing at low temperature than that of storing at 20 ℃.The postharvest decay was serious expecially stored at 20 ℃,and it was normally happened after one week late.However,postharvest decay was aggravated by storing at 5 ℃ because it led to the melon chilling injury.So,the optium cold storage temperature of the melon was 10 ℃.[Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for the preservation of melon.

This paper discusses that scientific research projects including research progress,study ideal,research methodology and content are introduced into the practice teaching of bioengineering,that is to say,class teaching,experiment practice,productive practice and thesis are combined with scientific research projects to enhance the undergraduates' ability,which would construct new mode to improve practice teaching of bioengineering speciality based on scientific research.It indicates that the undergraduates not only have a good knowledge of the current focuses and the trends of bioengineering,but also learn the scientific mode of thinking.The practice ability and innovation consciousness of the undergraduates are heightened.

Taking 'Yujinxiang' melon as material,using 0,0.5,1 μL/L 1-MCP as treatment agent,the offect of different concentrations of 1-MCP on the quality and physiology of melon fruit during storage the optimum concentrations of 1-MCP treated on melon were selected.The results showed that comparing with control,1-MCP,especially 1 μL/L 1-MCP,retained fruit firmness,delayed TSS content decrease.This was beneficial for maintaining the melon flavour.Respiration rate and ethylene production were significantly inhibited by 1 μL/L 1-MCP.The peak of respiration and ethylene climacteric were delayed.This suggested that 1-MCP inhibited ethylene action to extend longevity of the melon.