目的 了解某部队2011-2017年麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹发病情况,及疫苗接种前后3年该部队3种传染病的发病差异,为部队科学制定相关免疫规划提供参考.方法 通过收集“全军疫情直报系统”和“军区医疗日报系统”上报的传染病资料对某部队2011-2017年麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹疫情进行分析,并比较疫苗接种前后该部队这3种传染病的发病差异.结果 2011-2017年某部队共报告麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹病例665例,其中麻疹237例、流行性腮腺炎326例、风疹102例,病例以≤30岁为主,占81.80％;士兵是发病数最多的,占发病总数的55.04％(366/665),其次是学员,占25.56％(170/665),再次是现役干部,占18.20％(121/665),三者合计657例,占发病总数的98.80％;麻疹和风疹有明显的季节性发病高峰,分别在4月和5月.接种麻疹-流行性腮腺炎-风疹三联疫苗后,该部队这3种传染病的发病数均少于接种前,差异有统计学意义(u =6.86、15.80、20.65,P＜0.01),风疹和麻疹的发病数迅速下降,2017年发病数降为1例,腮腺炎在接种疫苗后发病数虽有所下降,但最低年发病数为22例.结论 某部队接种麻疹-流行性腮腺炎-风疹三联疫苗取得了显著的防控效果,但流行性腮腺炎仍需进一步加强防控.

Objective To find out about the epidemiological characteristics of natural focus and vector-borne infectious diseases in North China troops between 2010 and 2016 and provide evidence for prevention and control of these diseases.Meth-ods According to the data from Military Infectious Diseases Information Reporting System,descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted of the incidence of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in North China troops between 2010 and 2016. Results There were eight types of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases reported during this period.The two prevalent diseases were malaria and brucellosis,accounting for 82.14% of the total cases.A high incidence of these two diseases was repor-ted between 2011 and 2014,but the incidence was in decline recently. These diseases were highly seasonal.Most of the patients were 18 to 35 years old,male and with more than 6 years of military service in Hebei province.Conclusion It is necessary to con-duct targeted prevention and control of these vector-borne and natural focus infectious diseases in military troops by collecting the background information about these diseases,enhancing the daily surveillance and control,and makingnew techniques accessible to these diseases.

麻疹是全身性疾病,当易感者吸入麻疹患者鼻咽部分泌物或含有病毒的飞沫后,麻疹病毒在局部黏膜短期繁殖;此后病毒在远处器官的单核巨噬细胞系统中复制活跃,在感染后第5~7天,病毒大量进入血液,并出现在鼻咽分泌物、尿及血液等分泌物和体液中,此时传染性最强[1-3].如果患者没有及时采取隔离控制措施,麻疹病毒极易通过各种途径传给接触人群和易感人群,引起麻疹的暴发流行[4].5年来,麻疹一直是呼吸道传染病的主要报告病种,仅次于流行性腮腺炎,其发病率明显高于风疹, 2012年出现聚集性发病1起,共4例.为此,部队医疗卫生机构要加强官兵的卫生防病教育,提高卫生防病意识;做好新兵入伍后的预防接种[3];科学组训、适度的体能锻炼,提高自身免疫力;加强麻疹病人管控,做到早发现、早隔离、早报告、早治疗.通过有效控制和主动干预,麻疹发病水平会有所下降.

疫情监测预警系统的研制主要是实现对某区群发、高发和重点监测的传染病进行动态监测、预警,通过声光报警,并根据预警信息自动生成相应的应急预案,进一步提高重大疫情处置效率,主动干预传染病的扩散、蔓延.

Objective To investigate and evaluate the current situation of the intestinal outpatient service in 8 station hospitals in North China and propose corresponding countermeasures.Methods The investigation of intestinal outpatient service, including layout setting, staffing, work conditions, etc. was conducted in 8 station hospitals, which were selected by random number table method.Results Six hospitals had intestinal outpatient service with pre-service training and the establishment of related rules and regulations. Five hospitals were equipped with facilities for disinfection and four hospitals were equipped with triage signs, special window for intestinal medicine, etc.ConclusionSix of the eight station hospitals in North China have intestinal outpatient service to meet related requirements. But they still need to strengthen the intestinal outpatient service including the construction and the standardization of working procedures and system.

细菌性痢疾(简称菌痢)是一种常见的急性肠道传染病,主要临床表现为发热、腹痛、腹泻、里急后重和黏液脓血便,该病全年均可发病,但以夏秋季节多见,可引起暴发流行,是影响居民身心健康的主要传染病之一.多年来,细菌性痢疾一直是我区部队肠道传染病的主要病种,位列第2位,多发于夏秋两季.为此部队医疗卫生机构要加强官兵的健康教育,养成良好卫生习惯,平时注意饮食、饮水卫生,营养均衡.不要与患者有密切接触或接触被病菌污染的环境和物品,并做好患者生活场所的消毒杀菌工作,同时适度加强军事体能锻炼,提高自身的免疫能力.

Objective:To understand the dynamic and epidemic regularity of the outbreak of varicella in a zone in 2011 and 2015 and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of chicken pox. Methods:The data were from 2011 to 2015 years of dis-ease prevention and control center. The data were collected by using Excel 2010, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological meth-od. Results:(1) From 2011 to 2015 in a zone, the incidence of varicella were reported of 445 cases, accounting for 16.22%of the to-tal number of reported incidence of infectious diseases. In recent five years, the incidence of varicella has always been at the second of reported infectious disease, varicella epidemic clusters of disease has occurred 7, of 24 total cases. The number of reported cases of varicella of 2011,2012,2013,2014,2015 were on a decline ,the rates were 15.86%, 10.98%, 21.30%, 18.63%and 19.04%, the over-all change was not large. (2) 445 cases of varicella were reported from 2011-2015, male was 416, accounting for 93.48%, female 29, accounting for 6.52%. There were 389 cases of soldiers, 29 cases of active duty cadres, 25 cases of students, the other 2 cases, respectively, accounted for 87.42%,6.52%,5.62%and 0.45%.(3)445 cases of varicella incidence were reported from 2011-2015, ac-counting for 16.22%of the total number of reported incidence of infectious diseases.The peak incidence in the year was between Jan-uary to May, the number were 64 cases, 51 case, 58 cases, 49 cases, 46 cases .In November to December ,the number were 43 cases and 35 cases.The peak incidence of the disease was in January ,along with the incidence law of respiratory infectious diseases. (4) From 2011 to 2015 the most reported cases of Varicella were in the camp , accounting for 290 cases, 65.17%of the total .In other lo-cations, the number of reported incidence of 129 cases, accounting for 28.99%of the total;Field training reported incidence was of 11 case, accounting for 2.47%;visit reported incidence was of 6 cases, accounting for 1.35%;travel reported incidence was of 3 cas-es (0.45%), eating out reported incidence was of 2 cases (0.67%).Conclusion:We should carry out the continuous observation of the incidence of changes, in-depth study and analysis of the reasons for the changes ,and determine the further prevention and control measures of varicella in the risk factors for different groups.

本文通过分析探讨制约军民融合建设和运用部队“三防”医学救援力量中存在的相关法规不健全、军地应急协同机制不完善、相关理论研究不充分等问题，提出了完善和细化相关法规预案建设，建立军民融合的日常训练和应急协同体制，构建军民融合建设和运用“三防”医学救援力量的理论体系等对策建议。

传染病漏报调查，是加强传染病报告管理和提高传染病报告质量的一种重要手段。通过漏报调查，可进一步规范后方医院和部队医疗卫生机构的组织领导、职责制度、传染病报告流程和突发公共卫生事件应急处置预案，摸清部队传染病的真实发病水平，为卫生防疫部门制定防控政策提供第一手真实资料，同时也为部队开展卫生防病工作提供指导和帮助。

为加快我区疾控机构的信息化建设，向全区官兵开展及时有效的网上互动教学服务，进一步提高我区卫生防病水平，我区疾控中心从2015年6月1日起与国防科技大学签订了《“梦课平台”合作协议》，依托“梦课平台”建成面向全区官兵服务的疾控机构互动教学平台，以便于官兵和疾控工作者在寓教于乐的学习中提升卫生防病能力，对促进战区部队的健康发展和战斗力的提高有着重要意义。

建立健全传染病疫情处置队伍是军区疾控中心的重要任务。我军区疾病控制中心在执行两次腺病毒疫情防控工作期间经过认真研究，精心制定、严格落实疫情处置方案，通过大量、细致、有效的工作，最终实现了零感染的目标。但是在疫情处置中还存在一些问题，我们对此进行认真梳理，并提出具体建议。

目的 适应新时期基层心理卫生服务工作的要求,为开展基层心理卫生服务工作提供科学依据.方法 结合某基层部队实际,对心理卫生服务工作进行回顾性总结.结果 总结出基层部队心理卫生服务工作的几点做法:(1)找准职能定位,不断强化心理卫生服务工作的重要性.(2)健全规章制度,切实保证心理卫生服务工作的规范性.(3)加强人才培养,着力增强心理卫生服务工作的持续性.(4)拓宽服务手段,积极推动心理卫生服务工作的实效性.结论 针对某部实际提出的做法,对基层部队提高心理卫生服务工作质量提供切实可行的科学参考.

[Objective]To analyze the features and regular pattern of military training injuries,put forward prevention and improvement measures,and reduce the incidence of military training injuries.[Methods]The hospitalization cases of military training injuries from 2006 to 2010 in a troop were collected as the research object.The data of first discharge diagnosis were collected and analyzed according to ICD-9 diagnostic criteria and the Diagnostic criteria and treatment principle for military training injuries.[Results]A total of 2 014 cases suffered from military training injuries,which accounted for 8.71‰ of the total army hospitalization cases of the military area,and the ratio in 2010 was the highest(11.4‰).1 709 cases were soldiers,which accounted for 84.85% of total hospitalization cases of training injuries.There were 853 fracture cases,accounting for 42.35% of total hospitalization cases of training injuries,which ranked the first place of military training injuries.The constituent ratio of articular wrick and dislocation,soft tissue injuries and organ injuries was 26.07%,17.97% and 12.26%,respectively.Three peaks of training injuries appeared both in 2009 and 2010.[Conclusion]The annual incidence rate of military training injuries has increased markedly in 2009 and 2010.It is important to strictly carry out the Rule for Health Protection in Military Training during training,and strengthen the prevention and protection of the military training injuries.The osteoarticular injury is the emphasis of prevention.

The exploitation of the nuclear,chemical and biological medical rescue imitating training system can imitate the teaching and training and aim at the whole nuclear,chemical and biological medical rescue course by words,pictures,sound,video and cartoon,which can enhance the authenticity and maneuverability of the rescue flow.The system has characteristics of the interface amity,better mutual operation ability,convenient generalization and application.At the same time,spread interface of the system can connect discretionarily to the other multimedia progress and withhold extend function of the system.

目的 适应新时期基层现代卫勤全面建设的要求,为进一步做好基层卫生工作提供经验.方法 对基层部队现代卫勤建设的做法进行回顾性总结.结果 总结出加强基层现代卫勤建设的4点做法:(1)适应新形势,加强基层卫生工作活力建设.(2)适应新要求,加强基层卫生工作安全建设.(3)适应新趋势,加强基层卫生工作创新建设.(4)适应新任务,加强基层卫生工作内涵建设.结论 针对基层部队实际提出的做法,有利于加强和改善基层部队的卫生工作,对基层部队加快推进基层现代卫勤建设具有较好的借鉴意义.

<正>传统的"三防"理论考核都是通过纸质试卷进行,而且要求考生集中在考场,考核完成后还要有专业人员进行批阅试卷才能得出成绩,既浪费人力又浪费物力。有了《"三防"理论随机考核系统》后,其考核与评估都可以随时、随机进行,不需要设立专门的考场,每个人就可以在自己的办公联网电脑

目的 做好基层部队甲型H1N1流感防控工作,保障部队官兵身体健康,提高部队战斗力.方法 采取回顾性总结的方法,总结基层部队甲型H1N1流感防控的措施.结果 提出做好甲型H1N1流感防控的3点措施:(1)领导重视,组织健全,严防疫情传入部队.(2)普及教育,强化认识,提高甲型H1N1流感防控能力.(3)加强管理,强化监督,确保综合防控措施有效落实.结论　采取的做法是切合部队实际的,也是行之有效的,对其他部队有较好的参考作用.

目的 总结某基层部队近几年来训练伤防护工作的经验,为部队军事训练伤的防护工作提供借鉴.方法 依据有关规定,结合部队实际情况,边保障,边实践,边总结军事训练伤防护的做法.结果 针对基层部队特点,总结出做好军事训练伤防护的4点做法:(1)领导重视,组织健全,突出训练伤防护工作的地位；(2)抓好教育,提高认识,确保训练伤防护工作的落实；(3)加强管理,科学训练,把握训练伤防护工作的重点；(4)注重方法,加强监督,增强训练伤防护工作的效果.结论 实践中总结出来的经验,为部队军事训练伤的防护工作提供参考依据.

加强军营内呼吸道传染病的监测与监控力度,对于指导防控该类传染病,保障部队战斗力具有重要的意义.为此,我们对北京部队2005-2008年呼吸道传染病的流行动态进行了回顾性分析,结果报告如下.

长期、连续的疫情监测是各级疾病预防控制机构掌握传染病流行趋势及规律,指导传染病防治的重要手段[1],而采用有效的监测模式则是保证疾病监测质量的基础和前提.为了提高疫情监测工作质量,北京军区疾病预防控制中心在分析目前军队疫情监测网络直报系统应用现状的基础上,建立了多途径互补监控传染病疫情监测模式,即充分利用军队现有卫生信息系统.将多种疫情获取方式相结合,通过不同信息系统间数据的补充、完善,以便及时准确完整地收集军队传染病信息;同时由于系统间数据的相互监督作用.可有效提高疾病监测管理的质量.该模式在我军区应用已取得了初步成效,现报告如下.