目的:探究老年慢性疾病性贫血患者采用小剂量促红细胞生成素治疗的效果.方法:选取我院2019年12月—2020年12月收治的80例老年慢性疾病性贫血者,采用抽签法随机将40例纳入对照组,应用常规治疗,40例纳入研究组,应用小剂量促红细胞生成素治疗,对比两组的治疗效果.结果:研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).研究组治疗后血清铁水平、血红蛋白水平、红细胞计数均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).研究组患者治疗后日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(

目的 分析住院患者老年综合征的发生情况及特征,探讨老年综合征评估的方法及价值,为老年患者健康干预提供支持.方法 123例60岁以上老年住院患者作为研究对象,根据年龄将患者分为60～74岁组(53例)、75～84岁组(51例)、≥85岁组(19例).对老年综合征发生情况以及共患慢性疾病情况进行回顾性分析和评估,同时对不同年龄组患者的老年综合征发生率进行对比分析.结果 123例患者中,合并1种慢性疾病者26例(21.1％),合并2种慢性疾病者57例(46.3％),合并3种慢性疾病者22例(17.9％),合并3种以上慢性疾病者18例(14.6％).在慢性疾病类型方面,高血压、糖尿病及其并发症、高脂血症、冠心病的占比较高.三组患者的冠心病占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中≥85岁组患者的占比最高,为63.2％.三组患者的高血压、高脂血症、脑梗死、糖尿病及其并发症、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、慢性肾功能不全占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在老年综合征发生类型中,衰弱、谵妄、焦虑抑郁、认知功能障碍的发生率相对较高,均>30％.三组患者的日常生活能力受限、衰弱、跌倒、视力障碍、听力障碍、认知功能障碍发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着年龄的增长,相关老年综合征的发生率也会随之增加.三组患者的尿失禁、慢性疼痛、营养不良、谵妄、焦虑抑郁发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 多数老年住院患者合并有慢性疾病,老年综合征的发生率较高,且类型较多,通过对老年综合征进行科学评估具有重要意义,可指导临床采取有效的干预措施,改善患者的健康状态及生活质量.

目的:探讨住院老年患者营养状况与体成分变化的关系.方法:收集北京市石景山医院老年医学科2020年9月—2021年2月收住院的老年患者共227例,使用简易营养评估(MNA-SF)进行营养评估,使用InbodyS10体成分分析仪进行人体成分检测.根据营养评估结果将入选患者分为两组,分别为营养正常组(n=75)、营养不良风险及营养不良组(n=152),对比两组的体成分相关参数.结果:入组患者227例,其中男性93例,女性134例.通过统计分析发现,营养不良风险及营养不良组的年龄大于营养正常组,差异显著(P ＜

Objective: To investigate the effect of sarcopenia on disability and quality of life in elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: 80 elderly patients with stable COPD admitted to the Department of Geriatrics in Shijingshan Hospital of Beijing, from July 2020 to May 2022 were selected for the study. The quantity of muscle was determined by bioelectrical impedance method, and the observation group (n=30) was combined with sarcopenia, and the control group (n=50) was not combined with sarcopenia. The baseline characteristics and severity of COPD, risk of disability, whether they were disabled, and quality of life were assessed in both groups. Results: The percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the grade of modified dyspnea questionnaire was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The scores of Simplified Physical Function Scale and Aged Disability Assessment Scale in observation group were lower than those in control group, and the scores of Quality of Life Scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were higher than those in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The occurrence of sarcopenia in COPD patients may increase the risk of disability and aggravate the degree of disability, making patients'' quality of life decrease. Targeted interventions are needed to prevent disability and improve the quality of life in elderly stable COPD patients.

目的:探讨蔗糖铁联合促红细胞生成素治疗合并慢性心衰与贫血的老年糖尿病患者效果.方法:选取2019年6月—2021年10月北京市石景山医院收治的合并慢性心衰与贫血的50例老年糖尿病患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各25例.对照组仅采用促红细胞生成素治疗,观察组则采取蔗糖铁联合促红细胞生成素治疗.比较两组疗效和治疗前后血液检查指标以及心功能指标.结果:①观察组总有效率为92.00％,对照组为68.00％,观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P ＜ 0.05).②两组治疗前血红蛋白含量、红细胞计

目的:分析老年危重症患者实施肠内联合肠外营养治疗的临床价值.方法:回顾性分析北京市石景山医院老年科2019年10月—2020年10月收治的48例危重症患者的基础资料,随机分为研究组和对照组,各24例.研究组患者给予肠内联合肠外营养治疗,对照组患者给予肠外营养治疗,观察两组患者的营养指标(白蛋白、血红蛋白、前白蛋白)、并发症发生率.结果:治疗前,研究组与对照组营养相关指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,研究组白蛋白、血红蛋白以及前白蛋白指标高于对照组,治疗效果优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:老年危重症患者临床治疗过程中肠内联合肠外营养治疗优于单纯肠外营养治疗,可更好改善患者营养状态以及相关营养指标.

目的:研究黛力新在治疗慢性头晕中的临床疗效,并加以观察、分析、总结.方法:收集2012年9月～ 2014年9月于我院神经内科就诊的80例急慢性头晕患者,随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组给予常规基础的常规治疗,观察组在常规的基础治疗的基础之上给予黛力新治疗.对比观察2组慢性头晕患者在治疗的第2周、第4周、第8周时的临床疗效,并进行分析.结果:观察组患者在治疗的第2周、第4周、第8周时的临床疗效明显均优于对照组,2组相比,有显著性差异,P＜0.05,有统计学意义.结论:黛力新能够明显改善慢性头晕患者的临床症状,其临床疗效显著,值得临床的广泛应用与推广研究.

目的:观察早期康复训练对急性脑梗塞患者功能恢复的影响.方法:50例急性脑梗塞住院患者随机分为康复组及对照组各25例,对照组仅用传统药物治疗,康复组在对照组基础上配合早期康复训练,治疗28天后记录两组患者的功能恢复并评价其疗效.结果:康复组持勺进餐、拄拐行走、上肢肌力及下肢肌力均优于对照组(P<0.05).结论:早期康复训练对急性脑梗塞患者功能恢复具有明显疗效,能提高患者的生活质量水平,减轻患者经济负担,值得临床推广运用.

目的：探讨应用川芎嗪注射液治疗脑梗死患者的临床效果。方法将72例脑梗死患者随机均分为A组和B组（n=36）。A组应用常规+丹参注射液治疗，B组采用常规+川芎嗪注射液治疗。14 d为1个疗程，比较疗程结束后2组患者的治疗效果。结果2组患者疗程（14 d）结束后，B组总有效率（88.9%）显著优于A组（75%），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论川芎嗪注射液治疗脑梗死患者疗效良好，值得在脑梗死疾病治疗中推广应用。

目的探讨脑卒中患者偏瘫后，其骨密度的变化情况以及继发性的骨质疏松的特点，从而有效的抑制偏瘫患者骨质疏松的出现与发展。方法收集2012年10月~2014年10月于我院就诊的100例脑卒中后偏瘫患者，作为观察组，抽取同一时期来我院就诊的非脑卒中患者100例作为对照组，对所有患者进行双侧前臂远端1/3、双侧股骨近端和腰椎的骨密度检测，比较两组研究对象的骨密度情况。结果观察组患者的患侧前臂远端1/3、股骨近端和L1~4的骨密度数值显著低于其健侧，<0.05；患侧股骨近端的骨密度数值显著低于对照组，<0.05；病程在3个月以上的偏瘫患者其患侧的前臂远端1/3、股骨近端和L1~4的骨密度数值显著低于病程不足3个月的偏瘫患者，<0.05；所有的偏瘫患者中，女性患者各部位的骨密度数值显著低于男性患者，<0.05；观察组患者患侧股骨的骨质疏松的发病率明显比其健侧更高，<0.05；偏瘫患者中男性的股骨和L1~4骨质疏松发病率及女性的股骨骨质疏松的发病率明显比对照组更高，<0.05，其差异具有统计学意义。病程在3个月以上的偏瘫患者其健侧的骨密度数值亦低于病程不足3个月的偏瘫患者，其差异不显著，>0.05，无统计学意义。结论脑卒中偏瘫患者的患侧骨密度明显比健康人与健侧更低；而女性偏瘫患者的骨密度明显比男性患者更低；且患者的病程越长，其骨密度值越低；而偏瘫患者的患侧比健侧更易发生骨质疏松，且偏瘫患者骨质疏松的发病率明显比非卒中患者更高。

目的对大面积脑梗塞进行临床分析，并探讨应用甘露醇配合治疗的临床效果。方法收集2011年4月~2014年12月来我院就诊的大面积脑梗塞的患者51例，随机分为观察组与治疗组，观察组26例，给予甘露醇治疗，对照组25例，应用肝素治疗为主，观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组患者在应用甘露醇治疗之后，1例患者显著进步，2例患者好转，4例患者缓解，无效患者19例，总有效率是26.9%；对照组患者在应用肝素治疗之后，0例患者显著进步，2例患者好转，2例患者缓解，无效患者21例，总有效率是16%。结论大面积脑梗塞在治疗过程中要重视临床分析，根据患者的病症采取治疗方案，帮助患者改善临床症状，从而促进患者的康复。同时，甘露醇是治疗大面积脑梗塞比较合理的手段，其临床疗效较为显著。

目的研究分析脑梗塞患者的骨质疏松发生情况以及骨代谢的变化特征。方法收集2012年6月~2014年12月于我院神经内科就诊的90例脑梗塞患者作为脑梗塞组，该组所有患者均是偏瘫患者，均经过头颅MRI或者CT检查，并按照检查结果的显示分为单发脑梗塞组与多发脑梗塞组；再按照患者病情的轻重程度分成轻度脑梗塞组、中度脑梗塞组以及重度脑梗塞组；选择同期于我院进行治疗的住院患者90例作为对照组。使用Hologic公司生产的骨密度检测仪X线骨密度仪测定脑梗塞组患者与对照组患者的腰椎1-4椎体，前臂远端1/3，股骨颈骨密度情况,然后对比各组之间的差异。结果单发脑梗塞组的患者其骨质疏松症与多发组的发生率比较无统计学意义，>0.05；比较单发脑梗塞组与多发脑梗塞组的患者，其患侧前臂远端1/3和股骨颈的骨密度情况以及骨代谢指标的检测结果无统计学意义，>0.05；而轻度脑梗塞组患者骨质疏松的发生率与中度脑梗塞组和重度脑梗塞组比较显示存在显著性差异，<0.05，有统计学意义。结论脑梗塞患者容易伴随骨质疏松症的发生,而其骨质疏松病变往往以瘫痪侧肢体为主,其中其患侧的前臂远端1/3和股骨颈之中，骨量丢失较为显著。

目的:探讨对脑梗死急性期患者进行经颅多普勒检查的意义及对预后的指导作用.方法:选取我院近期收治的54例急性期脑梗死患者作为研究对象.在这些患者入院时为其进行经颅多普勒检查,观察这些患者血管狭窄的程度,总结其血管狭窄程度与预后的关系.结果:经检查发现,在这些患者中,有43例患者的血管狭窄,其血管狭窄率为79.6%.患者血管狭窄的程度与其预后呈正相关.结论:对脑梗死急性期患者进行经颅多普勒检查能较好地反映其血管狭窄的情况,为评估其预后提供科学依据,有助于医护人员为患者制定治疗方案和采取护理措施.

Objective To observe the relationship of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C)/high density lipopro-tein-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C) to acute cerebral infarction. Methods 136 patients diagnosed as cere-bral infarction in our hospital from February 2013 to March 2014 were selected as test group,and 110 healthy people examined at the same time were selected as the control group,LDL-C,HDL-C,TC,TG and LDL-C/HDL-C were detected and compared. Results The level of LDL-C,TC and LDL-C/HDL-C in test group were higher than those of control group,while the level of HDL-C was lower than that of control group,the differences were significant (P<0.05),there was no significant difference of TG between the two groups (P>0.05).Cerebral infarction was positively correlated to LDL-C, TC and LDL-C/HDL-C (r=0.148,0.106,0.162,P<0.05),was negatively correlated to HDL-C (r=-0.096,P<0.05),and had no relationship with TG (P>0.05). Conclusion The increasing of LDL-C/HDL is closely related to cerebral infarction, can be used as a biochemical indicator to predict the occurrence of cerebral infarction,compared with LDL-C or HDL-C,the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C is more sensitive and independent,so it’s of great clinical value.

To explore the efficacy of fluoxetine on stroke depression. Methods: patients in the control group were given psychotherapy, while patients in the treatment group were given fluoxetine and the efficacy was observed. Results: After 2 months of treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.67%, significantly higher than that of the control group 66.67%; after treatment, HAMD and SDS of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group; After treatment for 6 to 12 months of follow-up, the incidence of depression in the observation group was 10.42%, significantly lower than that of the control group 43.7% , the differences between groups were statistically significant, P<0.05. The observation group had significant adverse reactions . Conclusion: Fluoxetine has an accurate effect on stroke depression and improve the psychological emotion and mental states safely, which is worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Objective To analyze the associated risk factors of hemorrhage transformation in large area cerebral infarction. Methods 55 large area cerebral infarction patients with hemorrhage transformation treated in our hospital from July 2011 to July 2013 were collected as experimental group. In the same period, 55 cases of cerebral infarction patients who had no hemorrhage were selected as control group. The clinical data of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed and summarized the related risk factors. Results Through the Logistic regression analysis, the risk factors of hemorrhage transformation in large area cerebral infarction were found including blood sugar, blood lipid level. Conclusion Factors such as high cholesterol, high blood sugar can easily lead patients with large area cerebral infarction to hemorrhage, that need the attention of clinicians. Clinicians should master the related risk factors, to take timely and effective treatment measures.