The aim of the study was to investigate the hepatoprotective action of taurine in combination with zinc diaspartate («taucin») in rats with predominant functional disturbances of liver, caused by paracetamol. We have established that «taucin» reduced the manifestation of paracetamol hepatotoxic action in the experiment on 50 male rats using morphological and histochemical studies of liver and biochemical studies of blood. It was manifested in the normalization of hepatotoxicity biochemical markers in plasma, the enzyme activity in hepatocytes (histochemical) and the structure of the liver.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the hepatoprotective action of a combination of taurine with zinc diaspartate («taucin») in rats with tetrachlormethane-induced hepatosohepatitis. During the experiment, conducted on 24 outbred male rats by morphological and histochemical studies of the liver and blood biochemical studies it was established that «taucin» weakens manifestation of tetrachlormethane-induced hepatosohepatitis.

It has been established that gentamycin-induced disturbances in nephron structure are associated with the inhibition of metabolism processes in them. According to the degree of interaction the indicators of matabolism are descending as follows: lactatdehydrogenase in proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) of cortical nephrons (CN) > alkaline phosphatase in PCT of CN = acid phosphatase in PCT of juxtamedullary nephrons > acid phosphatase in PCT of CN = ribonucleoproteins. The main gentamycin-induced metabolic disturbances in the kidneys are registered in PCT of CN and involve the inhibition of energetic exchange processes (according to the decrease in lactatdehydrogenase activity).

Gentamicin (60 mg/kg, i.p., once per day for 10 days) produces a nephrotoxic effect in rats, which is manifesting by the epithelium necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules (especially of cortical nephrons), decreasing creatinine clearance, and increasing protein in the urine. Acetylcysteine (40 mg/kg, i.p., once per day for 10 days) significantly decreases manifestations of the gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Acetylcysteine administration leads to the appearance of normal tubules (absent in rats treated by gentamicin), decreases the number of necrotized proximal convoluted tubules of cortical nephrons and reduces their internal diameter, and increases the height of paving epitheliocytes. The content of detrite in tubules of juxtamedullar nephrons decreases, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase in proximal convoluted tubules of cortical and juxtamedullar nephrons and the activity of lactatedehydrogenase in cortical nephrons increases.

The close interrelation has been established between the renal functional and structural indices in rats having gentamicin-induced nephropathy (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, once a day х 10). The positive interconnection between the increased plasma concentration of middle molecules, urea, creatinine and the percentage of severely damaged and lost proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) cortical nephrons (CN)) has been marked. The negative interconnection was found for the urea and the creatinine in the urine. Therefore, it is possible to predict the character and degree of the destruction of PCK CN on the basis of the results of plasma and urine examinations.

Gentamicin (60 mg/kg, i.p., once per day for 10 days) produces a nephrotoxic effect in rats, which is manifesting by the epithelium necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules (especially of cortical nephrons), decreasing creatinine clearance, and increasing protein in the urine. Acetylcysteine (40 mg/kg, i.p., once per day for 10 days) significantly decreases manifestations of the gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Acetylcysteine administration leads to the appearance of normal tubules (absent in rats treated by gentamicin), decreases the number of necrotized proximal convoluted tubules of cortical nephrons and reduces their internal diameter, and increases the height of paving epitheliocytes. The content of detrite in tubules of juxtamedullar nephrons decreases, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase in proximal convoluted tubules of cortical and juxtamedullar nephrons and the activity of lactatedehydrogenase in cortical nephrons increases.

The aim of the present work was to assess metabolic changes in histaminergic neurons in the rat brain during subhepatic cholestasis. Studies were performed on male Wistar rats using quantitative histochemical methods. The results showed that in cholestasis, histaminergic neurons in the rat hypothalamus developed significant changes in succinate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, in NADH and NADPH, and in acid phosphatase and monoamine oxidase B. These changes depended on the duration of cholestasis and had a dynamic, wave-like nature. The changes were apparent after five days of cholestasis, reached a maximum at 10–20 days, decreased at 45 days, and completely disappeared at 90 days.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate structural and metabolic changes in histaminergic neurons in hypothalamic nucleus E2 in rats in conditions of complete external drainage of bile. Studies were performed on male Wistar rats ( n = 45). Controls consisted of animals subjected to sham surgery with preservation of physiological bile flow throughout the experiment. Quantitative histological and histochemical methods were used. Serial frontal cryostat sections cut from the posterior hypothalamus were used for detection of the activity of the following enzymes: monoamine oxidase B, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase, NADPH dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase. Morphological studies of histaminergic neurons were performed on preparations stained with thionine. These studies showed that complete external drainage of bile led to transient size reductions and rounding of cell perikarya. Metabolic changes were seen within a day of bile loss and subsequently progressed. All energy metabolic pathways were suppressed and acid phosphatase activity was increased on day 5.

The aim of this study was to determine the structural and metabolic alterations in the histaminergic neurons of the brain on the 20th day of cholestasis and their correction with ursofalk. The changes of the size, the shape and disturbance of some enzymes in cytoplasm of the histaminergic neurons (subgroups E2) of rat's hypothalamus, are established, ursofalk decreasing these changes.

The aim of the study was the estimation of metabolic changes in rat brain histaminergic neurons in dynamics of subhepatic cholestasis. The investigation was carried out in male Wistar rats using the quantitative histochemical methods. It was found that cholestasis induced significant changes in the activity of dehydrogenases of succinate, lactate, glucose-6-phosphate, NADH and NADPH, as well as of acid phosphatase and type B monoamine oxidase in hypothalamic histaminergic neurons. These changes depended on the duration of cholestasis and had the dynamic, undulating pattern. They were demonstrated already after 5 days of cholestasis, reached their maximum by 10-20 days, were decreased at 45 days and disappeared after 90 days.

The aim of the study was the estimation of structural and metabolic changes in histaminergic neurons of rat hypothalamic E2 nucleus induced by total external bile drainage. The investigation was carried out on male Wistar rats (n=45). The control group comprised the sham-operated animals, in which the physiological bile drainage was preserved during the whole experimental period. Quantitative histological and histochemical methods were used. In serial frontal cryostat sections of posterior hypothalamus, the activity of the following enzymes was demonstrated histochemically: monoamine oxidase B, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH- dehydrogenase, NADPH-dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase. Morphometric study of histaminergic neurons was performed in thionin-stained sections. It was found that total external bile drainage resulted in a temporary reduction of the sizes and rounding of neuronal perikarya. Metabolic changes were detected already after 1 day of bile loss, and they were found to progress henceforth. All the pathways of energy metabolism were suppressed, while the acid phosphatase activity was increased, on day 5.