Introduction: Epidemiological investigation and emergency response are crucial during public health emergencies. This work investigated the status and weaknesses of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) system in Guizhou Province, China, before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to address the weaknesses of public health emergency preparedness. Methodology: This research was observational. It adopted a cross-sectional design, and designed two electronic questionnaires to collect data. One questionnaire was for 98 CDC agencies and the other was for 1026 individuals in Guizhou Province, China. The questionnaires focused on workforce, epidemiological investigation capacity, detection capacity, emergency material preparation, information technology application, and emergency response. Respondents completed electronic questionnaires via a WeChat application or by visiting a website link directly. Results: The workforce and detection capacity of CDC agencies have considerably increased. Among the factors influencing individual capacity, willingness to learn (OR = 4.649, 95% CI = 2.782, 7.767) was the most related to workers with strong capacity. Furthermore, weaknesses involving epidemiological investigation and emergency response were found in each CDC level. Conclusions: Remarkable improvements occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic in Guizhou Province, China. This study identified the weaknesses of epidemiological investigation and emergency response. It could provide decision-makers with directions for improvement, targeting each weakness at each CDC level to prepare for future disasters.

Background Brucellosis is a severe zoonotic disease that is often overlooked, particularly in impoverished countries. Timely identification of focal complications in brucellosis is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. However, there is currently a lack of established indicators or biomarkers for diagnosing these complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential warning signs of focal complications in human brucellosis, with the goal of providing practical parameters for clinicians to aid in the diagnosis and management of patients. Methods A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in China from December 2019 to August 2021. The study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and complications of patients with brucellosis using a questionnaire survey and medical record system. The presence of warning signs for complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were used for variable screening and model evaluation. Results A total of 880 participants diagnosed with human brucellosis were enrolled. The median age of the patients was 50 years [interquartile range (IQR): 41.5-58.0], and 54.8% had complications. The most common organ system affected by complications was the osteoarticular system (43.1%), with peripheral arthritis (30.0%), spondylitis (16.6%), paravertebral abscess (5.0%), and sacroiliitis (2.7%) being the most prevalent. Complications in other organ systems included the genitourinary system (4.7%), respiratory system (4.7%), and hematologic system (4.6%). Several factors were found to be associated with focal brucellosis. These factors included a long delay in diagnosis [odds ratio (OR) = 3.963, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.906-8.238 for > 90 days], the presence of underlying disease (OR = 1.675, 95% CI 1.176-2.384), arthralgia (OR = 3.197, 95% CI 1.986-5.148), eye bulging pain (OR = 3.482, 95% CI 1.349-8.988), C-reactive protein (CRP) > 10 mg/L (OR = 1.910, 95% CI 1.310-2.784) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) elevation (OR = 1.663, 95% CI 1.145-2.415). The optimal cutoff value in ROC analysis was > 5.4 mg/L for CRP (sensitivity 73.4% and specificity 51.9%) and > 25 mm/h for ESR (sensitivity 47.9% and specificity 71.1%). Conclusions More than 50% of patients with brucellosis experienced complications. Factors such as diagnostic delay, underlying disease, arthralgia, eye pain, and elevated levels of CRP and ESR were identified as significant markers for the development of complications. Therefore, patients presenting with these conditions should be closely monitored for potential complications, regardless of their culture results and standard tube agglutination test titers.

Introduction:Brucellosis was made statutorily notifiable in 1955, in China, while in Guizhou Province, the pathogen of human brucellosis was isolated for the first time in 2011. However, currently, the brucellosis epidemic is becoming more and more severe in Guizhou Province. The type distribution and genetic characteristics of Brucella in Guizhou Province, as well as its evolutionary relationship with domestic and foreign strains, are still unclear.Methods:MLST, MLVA, and rpoB typing techniques were used for the molecular epidemiological study of the 83 Brucella isolates in Guizhou province.Results:Among the 83 Brucella strains, MLST identified three ST genotypes, of which ST39 is a newly reported type in China. MLVA-16 generated 49 genotypes, and MLVA-11 generated 5 known genotypes and 2 unreported genotypes. Six genotypes were identified by rpoB technology.Discussion:MLVA has a high resolution, but differences at the Bruce 04 and 16 loci cannot exclude associations between epidemics, and combining MLST and rpoB typing methods for epidemiologic tracing can avoid erroneous judgments. Moreover, through the combined analysis of the three typing techniques, the possible origin of the new Brucella can be reasonably inferred, which is also conducive to promoting the subsequent research of the novel Brucella.

Humans are often simultaneously exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) through consumption of food and water. Yet, direct evidence of the link between BaP and DBP co-exposure and the risk of splenic injury is lacking. In the present study, we established the rats and primary splenic macrophages models to evaluate the effects of BaP or/and DBP exposure on spleen and underlying mechanisms. Compared to the single exposure or control groups, the co-exposure group showed more severe spleen damage and higher production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Co-exposure to BaP and DBP resulted in a 1.79-fold, 2.11-fold and 1.9-fold increase in the M1 macrophage markers iNOS, NLRP3 (pyroptosis marker protein) and cathepsin B (CTSB), respectively, and a 0.8-fold decrease in the M2 macrophage marker Arg1 in vivo. The more prominent effects in perturbation of imbalance in M1/M2 polarization (iNOS, 2.25-fold; Arg1, 0.55-fold), pyroptosis (NLRP3, 1.43-fold), and excess CTSB (1.07-fold) in macrophages caused by BaP and DBP co-exposure in vitro were also found. Notably, MCC950 (the NLRP3-specific inhibitor) treatment attenuated the pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and following pro-inflammatory cytokine production triggered by BaP and DBP co-exposure. Furthermore, CA-074Me (the CTSB-specific inhibitor) suppressed the macrophages pyroptosis, pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine induced by BaP and DBP co-exposure. In conclusion, this study indicates co-exposure to BaP and DBP poses a higher risk of spleen injury. Pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization regulated by pyroptosis involving CTSB underlies the spleen injury caused by BaP and DBP co-exposure.

Background A global plan has been set to end human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030 ("Zero-by-30"), but whether it could be achieved in some countries, such as China, remains unclear. Although elimination strategies through post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) use, dog vaccination, and patient risk assessments with integrated bite case management (IBCM) were proposed to be cost-effective, evidence is still lacking in China. We aim to evaluate the future burdens of dog-mediated human rabies deaths in the next decade and provide quantitative evidence on the cost-effectiveness of different rabies-control strategies in China. Methods Based on data from China's national human rabies surveillance system, we used decision-analytic modelling to estimate dog-mediated human rabies death trends in China till 2035. We simulated and compared the expected consequences and costs of different combination strategies of the status quo, improved access to PEP, mass dog vaccination, and use of IBCM. Results The predicted human rabies deaths in 2030 in China will be 308 (95%UI: 214–411) and remain stable in the next decade under the status quo. The strategy of improved PEP access alone could only decrease deaths to 212 (95%UI: 147–284) in 2028, remaining unchanged till 2035. In contrast, scaling up dog vaccination to coverage of 70% could eliminate rabies deaths by 2033 and prevent approximately 3,265 (95%UI: 2,477–3,687) extra deaths compared to the status quo during 2024–2035. Moreover, with the addition of IBCM, the "One Health" approach through mass dog vaccination could avoid unnecessary PEP use and substantially reduce total cost from 12.53 (95%UI: 11.71–13.34) to 8.73 (95%UI: 8.09–9.85) billion US dollars. Even if increasing the total costs of IBCM from 100 thousand to 652.10 million US dollars during 2024–2035, the combined strategy of mass dog vaccination and use of IBCM will still dominate, suggesting the robustness of our results. Conclusions The combined strategy of mass dog vaccination and IBCM requires collaboration between health and livestock/veterinary sectors, and it could eliminate Chinese rabies deaths as early as 2033, with more deaths averted and less cost, indicating that adding IBCM could reduce unnecessary use of PEP and make the "One Health" rabies-control strategy most cost-effective.

Background: To be aware of infection combining the avian influenza H9N2 virus with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of the disease. Through epidemiological investigation, a better grasp of the pathogenetic process and possible sources of infection. Diagnostic criteria and laboratory tests were used to confirm the pathogen. Case Description: This patient was diagnosed with avian influenza H9N2 subtype and HIV infection according to diagnostic criteria. Environmental daub swab of two live poultry markets showed H9 positive. His family members were not detected with HIV and H9 subtype. The patient died from an H9N2 virus infection with HIV under specialists’ consultation. Conclusion: The diagnostic capability of H9N2 and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in primary care should be noticed and improved. Infection with the H9N2 virus and HIV should be paid more attention to prevent public health events.

目的 分析新冠肺炎疫情防控措施对贵州省2020-2021年度流感流行强度和特征的影响.方法 通过国家流感哨点监测系统,提取贵州省2017-2021年流感监测哨点数据,在不同维度上比较新型冠状病毒肺炎流行前后的流感样病例就诊百分比、流感病毒检出阳性率的变化.结果 2017-2021年度的门急诊流感样病例百分比(ILI％)分别7.03％、6.61％、7.54％及7.57％,其中2020-2021年度ILI％高于2017-2019两个年度(x2=1640.426,P＜0.0001),而与2019-2020年度ILI％差异无统计学意义.时间分布上,2018-2020年ILI％分布趋势相似,呈现一个冬春季流行峰,而2017-2018年度及2020-2021年度ILI％变化较为平稳,无明显峰值.地区分布上,2020-2021年度贵阳市ILI％较往年略有下降,而黔东南州及遵义市ILI％上升明显;2017-2020年度贵州省流感病毒检测阳性率分别为19.19％、11.72％及14.22％,显著高于2020-2021年度的1.84％(x2=2028.887,P＜0.0001).时间分布上,2017-2020年度流感病毒检测阳性率呈现一个明显的冬春季高峰,从2020年第6周流感检测阳性率开始下降,2020-2021年度夏秋季一直保持接近"0"水平,仅在流行季节出现冬春季小峰.地区分布上,2020-2021年度流感病原检测阳性率较2017-2020年度均有显著下降,该年度流感病原阳性样本主要集中在黔东南州及黔南州两个地区,占总阳性样本80％.结论 2020年1月贵州省实施新冠肺炎疫情防控措施后,哨点医院的流感检测阳性率明显下降,新冠防控措施对流感的流行具有重要影响.

INTRODUCTION:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an outbreak around the world. Early detection of severe illness is crucial for patients' survival. We analysed initial clinical characteristics of 146 patients with COVID-19 reported in Guizhou province, China to explore risk factors for transforming mild illness to severe.METHODOLOGY:Data of 146 laboratory-confirmed cases were collected and evaluated by the survival analysis of univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS:On initial presentation, patients had fever (51.05%), dry cough (45.45%), headache (16.08%), shortness of breath (7.75%) and gastrointestinal symptoms (13.99%). Among 146 laboratory-confirmed cases, 30 patients (20.55%) had severe illness and needed Intensive Care Unit care for supportive treatment. The remaining patients (116, 79.45%) were non-severe cases. Nineteen (19/146, 13.01%) of 30 patients in the Intensive Care Unit had comorbidities, including hypertension (12, 40.00%), diabetes (5, 16.67%), cardiovascular disease (5, 16.67%) and pulmonary disease (4, 13.33%). For survival analysis, patients who had fever (HR = 3.30, 95% CI = 1.31, 8.29) and comorbidities (HR = 9.76, 95% CI = 4.28, 22.23) at baseline were more likely to be admitted into the Intensive Care Unit. Few variables were not related to the survival time of discharge from baseline to discharge and from Intensive Care Unit care to discharge.CONCLUSIONS:Severe patients with COVID-19 should be paid more attention. On initial symptoms, many patients did not have fever, but those with fever were more likely to be admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Comorbidities were likewise a risk factor of severe COVID-19.

What is already known about this topic?:Many regions in China have recently reported outbreaks of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Omicron variant.What is added by this report?:Wuchuan County, Guizhou Province reacted quickly and implemented accurate intervention measures to effectively control the outbreak. The susceptible-exposed-infectious-asymptomatic-removed (SEIAR) model was applied to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention measures.What are the implications for public health practice?:Fast response measures should be taken to prevent the spread of outbreaks caused by the Omicron variant.

目的 对2021年贵州省一起疑似布鲁氏菌病聚集性疫情开展病原学调查和分子流行病学分析.方法 采用血培养法从疑似感染布鲁氏菌病的患者和病羊的血液分离布鲁氏菌,分别运用BCSP31-PCR和AMOS-PCR对疑似菌株进行布鲁氏菌属及种/型的鉴定,应用多位点可变数目串联重复序列(MLVA-16)分析技术对其进行分子分型,将MLVA分型结果与近年来贵州省及国内各地布鲁氏菌代表株进行聚类分析,了解菌株间的聚类关系.结果 从16份疑似患者全血标本分离出5株疑似布鲁氏菌,从19份疑似病羊全血标分离出1株疑似布鲁氏菌,BCSP31-PCR将6株疑似菌均鉴定为布鲁氏菌属细菌,AMOS-PCR其均鉴定为羊种布鲁氏菌.MLVA-16分析显示6株疫情菌株被分为3种 MLVA 型,其中来自患者的分离株 GZ-QN 1、GZ-QN 4 及 GZ-QN 6 共享 MLVA 型 1(1-5-3-13-2-2-3-2-4-20-8-7-4-3-4-6),来自 1 患者分离株 GZ-QN 8 与来自 1 病羊分离株株 GZ-QN A691 共享 MLVA 型 2(1-5-3-13-2-2-3-2-4-20-8-8-4-3-6-6),来自 1 患者分离株 GZ-QN 14 为独立的 MLVA 型 3(1-5-3-13-2-2-3-2-4-20-8-8-4-3-7-6).基于 MLVA-16 分型数据聚类显示,引起贵州省本起疫情的布鲁氏菌与羊种生物3型菌株聚类较近,且与来自福建、新疆的布鲁氏菌聚在同一小分支.结论 引起本起疫情病原体为的羊种布鲁氏菌且具有MLVA型别多样性,可能为与福建、新疆等地的羊种布鲁氏菌菌株具有关联的输入性感染引起的聚集性疫情.

目的 了解贵州省肾综合征出血热病人血清汉坦病毒变化以及鼠感染的情况.方法 收集2013年和2014年遵义县及金沙县两地肾综合征出血热病人急性期血清标本及鼠肺标本,进行病原检测.结果 187例病例的急性期血清标本IgM抗体阳性的有112份,阳性率为60％,112份血清标本核酸检测结果汉滩型有10份,汉城型有2份.671份鼠血标本IgG抗体阳性的有74份,阳性率为3.6％,其中鼠肺核酸检测结果汉滩型有20份,汉城型有3份.结论 2013-2014年遵义县及金沙县鼠间和人间感染的病原主要以汉滩病毒为主.

目的 了解贵州省2015～2019年戊型病毒性肝炎病例(戊肝)的流行病学特征,为戊肝防控提供参考.方法 利用中国法定传染病报告系统中戊肝发病数据,采用描述性流行病学方法,对2015～2019年贵州省报告的戊肝病例流行特征进行分析.结果 2015～2019年,贵州省共报告戊肝病例3 087例,年发病率1.75/10万,发病率呈上升趋势;冬春季为发病高峰,3～4月发病较多;男性发病高于女性,男女性别比为1.92∶1;各年龄组均有发病,以40～65岁发病最多,报告1 652例,占53.15％;职业分布中,农民发病人数最多,报告1 514例,占49.04％;各市(州)均有发病,发病率最高的是贵阳市,最低的是安顺市.结论 贵州省戊肝发病率总体呈上升趋势,中老年农民为重点发病人群,应加强戊肝的监测和推广疫苗接种,对重点人群开展健康宣传,降低戊肝对广大群众的危害.

目的 分析黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置人群的流行病学特征,为防控提供依据.方法 对2012-2017年黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置门诊就诊人群进行描述性流行病学分析.结果 2012-2017年,黔东南州狂犬病暴露处置门诊共接诊224200例狂犬病暴露病例,病例数男女性别比为1.39∶1;暴露人群以0～14岁年龄组为主,占40.36％;职业以农民最多,占45.14％;狂犬病暴露主要集中在6-9月;伤人动物中犬类占84.06％;84.79％暴露者在医疗机构进行了伤口处理,79.50％的暴露者在24h内接种疫苗,16.91％的Ⅲ度暴露者使用了狂犬病被动免疫制剂.结论 黔东南狂犬病暴露高危人群以农民、学生和儿童为主,Ⅲ度暴露者狂犬病被动免疫制剂使用率低,且一犬伤多人犬脑带毒率高,应进一步规范暴露后处置.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in China from 2007 to 2018, and to provide reference information for formulating strategies to eliminate rabies.Methods:The incidence data were obtained from the national notifiable communicable disease reporting information system in China to analyze the spatial, population and time distribution of human rabies cases.Results:From 2007 to 2018, 17 848 cases of human rabies were reported nationwide. 57% of the cases were reported in 6 provinces, including Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Henan and Sichuan. A total of 37 counties reported more than 50 cases. The number of reported cases decreased from 3 300 in 2007 to 422 in 2018, with an average annual decline rate of 7%. The number of districts and counties involved decreased from 984 in 2007 to 308 in 2018. The population aged 35-75 years accounted for 67%, followed by the population aged 0-15 years (17%). Farmers accounted for 70% of the total number of cases, followed by students (11%) and scattered children (6%).Conclusions:China′s human rabies epidemic has changed from a regional epidemic to a multi-regional spread.

What is already known about this topic? Brucellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases in China. Goat milk and dairy products are essential pathways for foodborne transmission of brucellosis. Pasteurization can completely kill Brucellaspp. in milk, and milk-borne transmission is mainly related to unhealthy dietary hygiene habits and insufficient epidemic control among animals. What is added by this report? This epidemic is the first outbreak of brucellosis in Zhangping City, Fujian Province. A total of 6 confirmed cases were found, and the onset time was from April to June 2019. The investigation suggested that the transmission chain of the epidemic included a private butcher, an infected goat from the north, a dairy farmer, close contact spread, unsterilized goat milk, and consumers drinking raw goat milk. What are the implications for public health practices? For the non-endemic area of brucellosis, preventing the import of infected animals and enhancing the practitioner’s and the public’s awareness of disease prevention has important public health significance. It is necessary to strengthen the transregional quarantine of livestock, the food safety inspection and management, and the practitioners’ and public’s awareness of food safety.

Introduction: At the end of 2019, the COVID-19 broke out, and spread to Guizhou province in January of 2020. Methodology: To acquire the epidemiologic characteristics of COVID-19 in Guizhou province, we collected data from 169 laboratoryconfirmed COVID-19 related cases. We described the demographic characteristics of the cases and estimated the incubation period, serial interval and the effective reproduction number. We also presented two representative case studies in Guizhou province: Case Study 1 was an example of the asymptomatic carrier; while Case Study 2 was an example of a large and complex infection chain that involved four different regions, spanning three provinces and eight families. Results: Two peaks in the incidence distribution associated with COVID-19 in Guizhou province were related to the 6.04 days (95% CI: 5.00 – 7.10) of incubation period and 6.14±2.21 days of serial interval. We also discussed the effectiveness of the control measures based on the instantaneous effective reproduction number that was a constantly declining curve. Conclusions: As of February 2, 2020, the estimated effective reproduction number was below 1, and no new cases were reported since February 26. These showed that Guizhou Province had achieved significant progress in preventing the spread of the epidemic. The medical isolation of close contacts was consequential. Meanwhile, the asymptomatic carriers and the super-spreaders must be isolated in time, who would cause a widespread infection.

目的 对黔东南州台江县某村一起布鲁菌病疫情进行调查与分析,探讨布鲁菌病在无发病地区的发病原因及流行特点,为制定防控措施提供依据.方法 收集本次疫情的现场流行病学调查资料、检验结果和处理情况进行描述性流行病学分析.结果 对该村的养殖户及与家畜有密切接触的重点人员共130人进行流行病学调查和血清学检测,结果显示阳性17人.17例感染者中,有2例出现典型临床症状,即反复发热、关节疼痛和睾丸肿大等.17例感染者均为农民,从接触方式来看,直接从事养殖人员的感染率为19.28％(16/83),间接从事养殖人员的感染率为2.13％ (1/47).畜间调查显示,该村养殖点山羊布鲁杆菌抗体阳性率为10.29％.结论 此次疫情为一起因养殖感染布鲁杆菌的山羊导致的人间布鲁菌病暴发疫情,建议今后应加强畜间疫情监测,及时发现和消灭传染源;同时加强对布鲁菌病防治知识的宣传教育,增强从业人员的自我保护意识,以控制和减少布鲁菌病的发生.

What is already known on this topic? Brucellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by Brucella spp. The main source of infection in human brucellosis is sick animals, mainly including sheep, goat, and cattle, but sika deer (Cervus nippon) can also cause human brucellosis. The first human brucellosis case in Guizhou Province was reported in 2009, and no brucellosis outbreak was reported caused by sika deer ever before. What is added by this report? This is the first reported outbreak of human brucellosis caused by sika deer in Guizhou Province. Inappropriate regulation of animal movement may be the main driver of introducing and spreading brucellosis in southern areas. The ability to diagnose brucellosis in both humans and animals was weak in the county where the outbreak took place. What are the implications for public health practice? It was suggested to prioritize occupational protection and health education for sika deer breeders. The inspection of the movement of animals and the reimbursement policy need to be improved.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in Guizhou, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods The data of COVID-19 cases reported in Guizhou in 2020 were collected for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results From January 22 to December 31, 2020, a total of 173 COVID-19 cases were reported, including 2 deaths (fatality rate: 1.16%), in Guizhou. Among these cases, 147 were confirmed cases (84.97%) and 26 were asymptomatic infection cases (15.03%), 31 were severe cases (21.09%), 84 were local cases (48.55%), 87 were domestic imported cases (50.29%) and 2 were overseas imported cases (1.16%). The epidemic curve presented two incidence peaks with an interval of 7 days. In the first peak period, domestic imported cases were mainly reported, and in the second peak period, local cases were mainly reported. The cases were reported in 44 (50%) districts in 9 (100%) cities, mainly in Guiyang, Bijie and Zunyi, accounting for 70.70% of the total. The men to women ratio of the cases was 1.06∶1. The cases were reported in all age groups, the median of the age of cases was 37 years. There were 82 cases (47.40%) detecting through screening of close contacts, 55 cases (31.79%) through medical visits, and 36 cases (20.81%) through screening of key personnel, such as those traveling from Wuhan. The main exposure factor included close contact (42.77%) and living in Wuhan (38.73%). There were 29 family clusters. Conclusion The cases of COVID-19 reported in Guizhou were mainly imported cases and secondary cases in close contacts. Early investigation, centralized isolation, and monitoring of fever cases and close contacts in key areas are essential for the early detection of the cases and the prevention of the spread of COVID-19.

流行性感冒(简称流感)是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病,全球各地均有病例报告和疫情暴发.贵州省1957年开始报告流感疫情,起源于贵州的甲型H2N2流感引起世界大流行;1957年至今,全省流感病毒主要流行毒株为甲型H2N2、甲型H3N2和甲型H1N1,同时有乙型流感的局部流行;在此期间,全省共报告人禽流感病例27例,死亡15例,病死率55.55％,经调查病例均有禽类接触史或到过活禽市场;贵州省禽间存在H5N1禽流感病毒,H7N9禽流感病毒由省外禽输入.2000年以来,贵州省逐步建立流感监测哨点医院,流感监测网络的建立促进了全省流感流行病原监测及不明原因疾病(禽流感等)诊断能力的提高.