Objective To study the effect of dietary nutrition intervention on blood rheology indexes of women with hypertension during pregnancy and the prevention effect of preeclampsia(PE).Methods A total of 120 women with hypertension during pregnancy were divided into a control group and an observation group according to random numerical table,with 60 cases in each group.The control group was given low-dose aspirin combined with labetalol intervention,and the observation group was combined with dietary nutrition intervention on the basis of the control group.Both groups were compared in terms of blood pressure[systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)],24-h urinary protein excretion and blood rheology indexes before and after intervention,gestational week of PE,gestational week of delivery,pregnancy outcome and neonatal outcome after intervention.Results After intervention,SBP,DBP and 24-h urinary protein excretion in both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention in this group;the observation group had SBP of(112.55±2.09)mm Hg(1 mm Hg= 0.133 kPa),DBP of(79.16±1.08)mm Hg,and 24-h urinary protein excretion of(1.01±0.25)g/24 h,which were significantly lower than those of(128.23±2.21)mm Hg,(87.86±1.32)mm Hg,and(2.23±0.43)g/24 h in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the whole-blood high-shear reduction viscosity,whole blood low-shear reduction viscosity,plasma viscosity,whole-blood high-viscosity and whole-blood low-shear reduction viscosity in both groups were significantly lower than those before intervention in this group;in the observation group,the whole-blood high-shear reduction viscosity was(7.16±0.96)mPa·s,the whole-blood low-shear reduction viscosity was(19.78±2.96)mPa·s,the plasma viscosity was(1.41±0.15)mPa·s,the whole-blood high-shear viscosity was(4.51±0.33)mPa·s,and the whole-blood low-shear viscosity was(8.97±1.22)mPa·s,which were lower than those of(7.72±1.02),(22.78±3.02),(1.63±0.23),(5.01±0.39),and(10.64±1.59)mPa·s in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the observation group had incidence of PE,preterm delivery,cesarean section,placental abruption,premature rupture of membranes,and postpartum hemorrhage were 28.3%,8.3%,25.0%,1.7%,3.3%and 3.3%,which were significantly lower than those of 55.0%,21.7%,61.7%,11.7%,13.3%and 20.0%in the control group;the gestational week of PE of(33.86±1.56)weeks and gestational week of delivery of(37.45±2.35)weeks in the observation group were significantly longer than those of(30.16±1.67)and(34.23±2.16)weeks in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After intervention,the incidence of fetal distress and neonatal asphyxia were 3.3%and 1.7%in the observation group,which were significantly lower than those of 18.3%and 11.7%in the control group;the neonatal Apgar score of(8.53±1.24)points and neonatal weight of(2578.33±265.46)g in the observation group were significantly higher than those of(6.43±1.06)points and(2267.24±231.18)g in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Based on low-dose aspirin combined with labetalol intervention,dietary nutrition intervention can effectively control and stabilize blood pressure levels in women with hypertension during pregnancy,improve blood rheology indexes,prevent PE occurrence,and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

目的 探讨二维超声联合超声HD-Flow显像对孕13～18周胎儿产前诊断泌尿系统异常的应用价值.方法 将2018年1月至2020年5月间,在我院产检的51例胎儿泌尿系统异常的孕妇作为研究对象,将二维超声作为对照组,联合应用二维超声和超声HD-Flow显像作为观察组,分别行中孕早期(孕13-18周),孕中晚期(孕19～40周)超声检查,比较两者的诊断准确度.结果 对单独应用二维超声、联合应用二维超声和超声HD-Flow显像的诊断准确度行χ2检验,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义.结论 联合应用二维超声和超声HD-Flow显像对不同孕周胎儿泌尿系统异常的诊断准确度均高于单独应用二维超声.

目的:探析在观察胎儿小脑蚓部时使用三维超声自由解剖切面联合容积对比成像方法的效果.方法:本次研究对象选取于2018年10月-2019年10月在我院接受产前超声检查的正常胎儿,共计120例.采用随机数字表法将其中60例胎儿分到观察组,另外60例分到对照组.对照组胎儿小脑蚓部情况采用二维超声进行观察和测量,观察组则使用三维超声自由解剖切面联合容积对比成像技术观察胎儿小脑蚓部情况.两组胎儿接受不同方法观察后,分析胎儿小脑蚓部情况,并对相关数据进行详细记录.同时比较胎儿小脑蚓部的上下径、前后径以及面积,并将胎儿小脑蚓部与孕周之间的关系进行详细的分析.结果:采用三维超声自由解剖切面联合容积对比成像的观察组,其胎儿小脑蚓部显示率高于对照组,具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两种方法测量小脑蚓部数据接近,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).小脑蚓部上下径、前后径及面积与孕周高度相关,具有良好的重复性.结论:使用三维超声自由解剖切面联合容积对比成像方法,能够清晰显示小脑蚓部,操作简便,具有良好的临床应用价值.

目的 研究孕11～13+6周颈项透明层(NT)增厚和静脉导管(DV)异常对先天性心脏病(CHD)的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析产检的3035例孕妇数据资料,先测量胎儿NT厚度,并对NT增厚胎儿进行DV血流频谱测量,NT增厚或DV异常胎儿在孕18～22周时予以超声心动图检查;其余的胎儿于23～27周行常规系统筛查,针对心脏异常的胎儿再予以胎儿超声心动图检查,在活产儿出生3 d内均行超声心动图检查,而引产的胎儿则进行尸检.分析NT厚度检测结果和NT增厚胎儿的DV检测结果,计算NT厚度检测和DV检测的阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感度、特异度、诊断符合率.比较NT正常与NT增厚胎儿的CHD发生情况,不同NT增厚胎儿的CHD发生情况,DV异常胎儿与DV正常胎儿的CHD发生情况.结果 3035例孕妇中,共检出65例NT增厚胎儿,检出阳性率为2.1％(65/3035),筛查阳性者最终被证实为CHD 14例;2970例NT正常胎儿中,最终被证实为CHD 10例;NT厚度检测的敏感度为58.3％,特异度为98.3％,阳性预测值为21.5％,阴性预测值为99.7％,诊断符合率为98.0％.NT正常胎儿的CHD发生率为0.3％(10/2970),显著低于NT增厚胎儿的21.5％(14/65),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).依据NT厚度分为2.5～3.4 mm和≥3.5 mm,NT厚度2.5～3.4 mm的CHD发生率为11.9％,低于NT厚度≥3.5 mm的39.1％,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).65例NT增厚胎儿共检出9例DV异常胎儿,检出率为13.8％(9/65),最终被证实为CHD 7例;其余56例DV正常胎儿中,最终被证实为CHD 17例.NT增厚胎儿的DV检测阳性预测值、阴性预测值、敏感度、特异度、诊断符合率分别为77.8％、69.6％、29.2％、95.1％、70.8％.DV异常胎儿的CHD发生率为77.8％(7/9),显著高于DV正常胎儿的30.4％(17/56),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 NT增厚及DV异常胎儿的CHD发生率高,可作为先天性心脏病的早期筛查手段,值得推广.

目的 分析超声HD-Flow显像及彩色多普勒在胎儿肾脏异常的声像图特征,比较两者在产前诊断胎儿肾脏异常的临床价值.方法 对产前二维超声怀疑胎儿肾脏异常的患者116例,均经HD-Flow显像及彩色多普勒检查,以出生后的CT检查、手术证实、引产后检查结果为最终确诊,经追踪随访证实为胎儿肾脏异常的患者61例纳入研究组.绘制经HD-Flow显像及彩色多普勒检查的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,分析曲线下面积,并比较两种方法在诊断胎儿肾脏异常的准确率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值.结果 应用HD-Flow显像及彩色多普勒检查产前正确诊断的病例数分别为54例及45例.ROC曲线显示,两者的曲线下面积分别为0.915及0.796,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).应用HD-Flow显像诊断胎儿肾脏异常的准确率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为91.5％、88.5％、94.5％、94.7％、88.1％;彩色多普勒则分别为79.6％、73.8％、85.5％、84.9％、74.6％.结论 应用HD-Flow显像在诊断胎儿肾脏异常的准确率、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值较彩色多普勒高,可认为前者在诊断胎儿肾脏异常比后者更有优势.

目的 探讨超声和上消化道造影对先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄(CHPS)的诊断价值及分析二者的优劣性.方法 对2015年1月至2016年6月怀疑先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析和研究.结果 31例患儿中超声准确诊断30例,漏诊1例,上消化道造影准确诊断31例,误诊3例.结论 超声和上消化道造影诊断肥厚性幽门狭窄具有互补性,二者结合可提高诊断准确率,为临床提供更可靠的手术依据.

目的:本研究对胎儿室管膜下囊肿的超声表现、临床结局与预后进行探讨,旨在提高临床诊断的有效性,并改善胎儿的预后.方法:选取我院2014年6月～2015年6月于超声检测中确诊为室管膜下囊肿的胎儿76例,对这些胎儿的临床资料进行回顾性的分析,探讨这些胎儿室管膜下囊肿病例的声像图诊断的特点和临床的结局.结果:76例室管膜下囊肿胎儿的囊肿均处于侧脑室前角的外部或者其与体部交界处的外部,边界较清晰且壁薄;56例为双侧,20例为单侧;42例表现为串珠样或者多发囊肿,34例表现为单发囊肿.此外,合并妊娠期高血压的孕妇有2例,合并胎儿异常的孕妇有12例.后期随访发现,合并畸形引产的有3例;早产2例(其中1例神经系统发育落后,另1例不满28周出生后便死亡);胎死宫内2例,合并脑室扩张5例,后期随访后发现1例神经系统发育落后,其余68例后期随访后发现均为健康发育.结论:采用超声检查可准确诊断胎儿室管膜下囊肿,排除其他合并畸形或者相关异常的室管膜下囊肿,患儿的短期预后较好.

目的：分析超声检查妇科急腹症的诊断效果及价值。方法：经阴道、腹部对我院妇科106例急腹症患者进行超声诊断，对超声检查急腹症的诊断价值进行研究。结果：超声诊断急腹症的总符合率为92.5%，检查急性盆腔炎、卵巢囊肿蒂扭转、黄体破裂、异位妊娠的诊断符合率分别为92.3%、90.9%、90.0%、94.7%。结论：超声检查妇科急腹症疾病具有较高价值，可作为临床诊断妇科急腹症的首选方法。

目的 探讨二维联合三维超声成像诊断胎儿体表畸形的应用价值.方法 选取我院24019例中晚期妊娠的孕妇进行二维超声和三维超声检查,并与出生或引产后的婴儿进行对比分析,对比两种诊断方法对胎儿体表畸形的判定结果.结果 24019例孕妇中,经过引产或产后证实体表畸形236例(0.98％).畸形类型包括唇裂及面部异常、腹壁缺损、无脑儿、脊柱裂、肢体异常、多指(趾)、脑膜脑膨出、内脏外翻等.三维超声诊断的灵敏度和符合率均高于二维超声.结论 采用二维联合三维超声成像联合诊断可以提高胎儿体表畸形检出的灵敏度和符合率,建议推广应用.