BACKGROUND:Edentulism is a common disease among the elderly. The relationship between sleep patterns and edentulism has not been fully explored. METHODS:This study utilized baseline and follow-up data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted in 2011 and 2015-participants aged 45 or above. The outcome variable was self-reported edentulism. Independent variables included nap duration, nighttime sleep duration, and sleep quality. The association between edentulism and sleep patterns was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. To further explore the potential non-linear relationship between nighttime sleep duration and the risk of edentulism, restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression was performed with nighttime sleep duration treated as a continuous variable. Subgroup analysis by gender and age, and introduce interaction terms into the Multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS:466 of the 9732 participants were edentulous. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants with short nighttime sleep duration had a 34.5% higher risk of edentulism than those with normal nighttime sleep duration (OR: 1.345; 95% CI:1.097-1.653). RCS regression demonstrates dose-response relationship. Subgroup analyses revealed a significant association between short nighttime sleep duration and edentulism in both men (OR: 3.89; 95% CI: 2.75-6.24) and women (OR: 4.25; 95% CI: 2.99-6.86), as well as in individuals aged ≥65 years (OR: 5.26; 95% CI: 3.25-10.72). Interaction analyses showed no significant interaction between nighttime sleep duration and gender or age. CONCLUSION:Short nightly sleep duration may be closely connected to the prevalence of edentulism in people of middle age and older age.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, with a poor prognosis, yet the underlying mechanism needs further exploration. Non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) is a widely expressed protein in OSCC, but its role in tumor development is unclear. This study aimed to explore NCAPD2 expression and its biological function in OSCC. NCAPD2 expression in OSCC cell lines and tissue specimens was analyzed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Cancer cell growth was evaluated using cell proliferation, 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and colony formation assays. Cell migration was evaluated using wound healing and Transwell assays. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The influence of NCAPD2 on tumor growth in vivo was evaluated in a mouse xenograft model. NCAPD2 expression was significantly higher in OSCC than that in normal oral tissue. In vitro, the knockdown of NCAPD2 inhibited OSCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. NCAPD2 depletion also significantly inhibited the migration of OSCC cells. Moreover, NCAPD2 overexpression induced inverse effects on OSCC cell phenotypes. In vivo, we demonstrated that downregulating NCAPD2 could inhibit the tumorigenicity of OSCC cells. Mechanically, OSCC regulation by NCAPD2 involved the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggest NCAPD2 as a novel oncogene with an important role in OSCC development and a candidate therapeutic target for OSCC.

目的 本研究通过比较实时动态导航技术在"双侧颧骨种植术"中的手术时长、手术安全性、手术精准性三方面的效果,从而进一步评价实时动态导航技术应用于穿颧种植的效果.方法 通过采集符合纳入条件的患者的影像学数据,运用3D打印技术制作仿真植入模型并进行术前双颧种植方案设计.共24个模型,按随机数表法分为两组(A组实验组,B组对照组),每组12个植入模型,实验组采用实时动态导航技术辅助,对照组则由手术医生自由手植入.比较二者的手术时长、手术安全性与精准性.结果 (1)实时动态导航技术辅助下的手术时长更短,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);(2)实时动态导航技术辅助下的手术安全性更高;(3)实时动态导航技术辅助下的手术精准性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 实时动态导航技术可以有效降低手术操作时长,提高手术效率,且安全性更高.总之,实时动态导航技术辅助双侧颧骨种植的初步结果是值得肯定的.

Objectives: In this study, transcriptome sequencing were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which metformin inhibits head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells progression and sensitizes HNSCC cells to chemotherapy. We aimed to propose a novel chemotherapeutic approach with high efficacy and few side effects and provide a new strategy for HNSCC treatment.Design: The effects of metformin on the biological behaviors of HNSCC cells were validated by CCK8 cell pro-liferation assays, would healing assays and flow cytometric apoptosis assays. The appropriate metformin con-centrations for the experimental pretreatment of HNSCC cells were selected based on experimental results, and the treated cells were subjected to transcriptome sequencing. After bioinformatics analysis and intersection with a post-chemotherapy resistance dataset from the GEO database numbered GSE102787, the genes were identified and used to predict potential metformin targets after functional enrichment analysis.Results: Metformin significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration and induced the apoptosis of Cal27 and FaDu cells. A total of 284 genes that are potentially targeted by metformin during HNSCC cell sensitization were identified by bioinformatics, and ten hub genes with high connectivity were selected. In particular, Fen1 over -expression was associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients.Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that Fen1 is overexpressed in HNSCC tissues compared with normal tissues and that Fen1 overexpression is a poor prognostic factor in HNSCC patients. Metformin enhances the ability of cisplatin to inhibit HNSCC progression. Further studies are needed to explore the therapeutic value of Fen1 in HNSCC.

Condylar fractures account for 31％-50％ of mandibular fractures in children. Moreover, most fractures are not caused by direct trauma, but by indirect forces transmitted to the condyle from other parts of the body. Therefore, mandibular condylar fractures (MCF) in children are often easily missed in clinical practice. Because the condyle is one of the growth centers of mandibular growth and development, if it cannot be properly handled after fracture, it is easy to cause complications such as mandibular growth and development disorders, malocclusion, osteoarthropathy, joint stiffness, and facial deformity, which seriously affects the physical and mental development of children. So far, the treatment of MCF are mainly conservative treatment (CTR) and open treatment (ORT), the choice of treatment is not yet unified. This article reviews the diagnosis, classification and treatment of MCF in children to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

基底细胞样鳞状细胞癌是鳞状细胞癌中的一种特殊亚型,临床较为少见,发生于口腔颌面部皮肤者更少.本文报告1例57岁男性患者,因左侧面部溃烂就诊,临床检查发现左侧面部较大面积皮肤破溃,活检病理报告为基底细胞样鳞状细胞癌.全麻下扩大切除肿瘤后,以前臂游离皮瓣修复缺损,术后配合放疗,目前已随访12个月,未见复发.本文结合相关文献,对基底细胞样鳞状细胞癌的临床特点及危险因素、组织来源、诊断及鉴别诊断、治疗及预后进行分析.

目的 探讨非SMC凝集素Ⅰ复合亚基D2(NCAPD2)在口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)中的表达及生物学功能.方法 首先应用数据库分析NCAPD2在头颈部鳞状细胞癌(head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,HNSCC)中的表达,然后采用免疫组化法在OSCC标本中进行验证.应用高内涵筛选(high?content screening,HCS)、流式细胞仪及蛋白质印迹法(Western Blot)检测OSCC细胞的增殖、凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白的表达.结果 NCAPD2在HNSCC中高表达,且与HNSCC临床分期、病理分级和淋巴结转移有关.免疫组化显示OSCC组织中的NCAPD2表达显著高于健康口腔组织(P<0.001),且NCAPD2表达与OSCC病理分级之间存在显著相关性.敲减NCAPD2能够抑制OSCC细胞的增殖促进凋亡.此外,BCL?2,p21表达下调,BAX,p53表达上调.结论 NCAPD2有望成为OSCC治疗的一个靶点.

目的:应用锥形束CT(CBCT)分析多生牙相关特征,为临床诊疗提供参考.方法:选择2019年1月—2020年12月内蒙古医科大学附属医院口腔科经CBCT确诊的234颗多生牙作为研究对象,分析其生长发育特征及继发影响.采用SPSS 25.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理.结果:患者平均年龄11.16±7.61岁,以7～12岁最多.男女比例为1.6∶1.汉族占85.0％.多数单侧生长,数量多为1颗.多生牙生长区域多数为上颌骨切牙区,下颌骨前磨牙区.切牙区多生牙多见于7～12岁,尖牙区和前磨牙区多见于13～18岁,磨牙区多见于≥19岁.切牙区多生牙好发于男性,以圆锥形为主;其余区域多生牙好发于女性,以结节形为主,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).发育情况为≥19岁年龄组高于其他3组,磨牙区高于其他区域,上颌骨高于下颌骨,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);位于两恒牙牙根之间的多生牙高于其他3组,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).萌出情况为部分牙根形成和完全形成高于牙冠形成,正向高于其他方向;位于两恒牙牙根之间的多生牙高于其他3组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).继发影响为各生长区域及位于恒牙唇侧、根尖部和两恒牙牙根之间的多生牙主要影响邻近恒牙,位于恒牙腭侧的多生牙多数无继发影响,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:CBCT可精确分析多生牙相关特征,利于临床制定完善诊疗方案,提高治疗效果.

Background: Metformin is the first-line drug for type II diabetes, and recent studies indicate that metformin plays an inhibitory role in multiple cancers. Metformin can also enhance the effect of chemotherapy. Although head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells are sensitive to metformin, the mechanisms related to the metformin response and the chemosensitization effect have not been fully studied. Results: In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of metformin in HNSCC by transcriptome analysis and to reveal the underlying mechanisms of the sensitizing effects of metformin by combined online dataset analysis. mRNA sequencing and functional analysis of HNSCC samples after metformin treatment and functional analysis of mRNAs with opposite metformin-induced effects in chemosensitive versus chemoresistant cells revealed the molecular pathways, mainly the base excision repair pathway, by which this small molecule drug sensitizes HNSCC cells to treatment. Conclusions: These findings indicate that metformin exerts a hypersensitization effect by regulating the BER pathway in tumour cells, reducing their self-repair capacity after chemotherapy-induced DNA damage. In addition, the genes identified by transcriptome analysis are candidates for further investigation into the effector targets of metformin in the inhibition of HNSCC and could be applied to improve the treatment in HNSCC patients who develop resistance after advanced chemotherapy.

目的:应用高精度激光扫描技术获得牙列三维模型数据,测量分析呼和浩特地区蒙古族人群上颌前牙区牙厚度数据,观察牙厚度的变化特点,及其与骨骼型的相关性.方法:筛选2015年12月～2019年7月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院就诊的蒙古族青少年正畸患者60例,测量研究样本上前牙区牙冠厚度及变化规律,并研究牙冠厚度与头影测量指标的相关性.结果:上颌前牙在距切端3 mm处牙冠厚度变异最大,在距切端1 mm处厚度变异最小.其中侧切牙的厚度变异最大.在距切端3 mm处,上颌尖牙厚度变异较大,与中切牙、侧切牙相比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.00);在距牙合端2 mm处,上颌侧切牙厚度变异较大,与中切牙、尖牙相比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.00).不同性别间比较,蒙古族男性牙冠厚度普遍大于女性,在U1T3、U2T3、U3T2、U3T3男性牙冠厚度大于女性具有统计学意义(P<0.05).U2T2、U2T3、U3T3与∠SNA呈中度正相关关系;U2T3与∠SNB呈中度正相关关系;U1T3、U2T3、U3T2、U3T3和∠ANB呈中度正相关关系;U2T2、U2T3与MR升支角(∠MR-Copd)呈中度负相关关系.结论:上颌前牙区牙厚度变异较大,与骨骼面型具有相关性,对蒙古族青少年进行正畸治疗时,不同的颌骨关系,应考虑不同前牙牙冠厚度对上前牙转矩、覆牙合覆盖及咬合关系建立的影响,并作出适当矫治量的调整.

对近五年来颌面创伤流行病学的研究进行综述,结果显示,颌面创伤发病率约10.3％～32％,好发年龄为20～49岁,男性多于女性,但男女比例呈逐渐下降趋势.颌面创伤好发职业为农民.创伤好发时间为7、8、9月份.COVID-19流行期间,颌面创伤发病率降低,但损伤的严重程度更高.国内颌面创伤发生的主要原因是道路交通伤,其中因电动车造成的事故比例逐年上升.国外发达国家及一些低收入的欠发达国家主要致伤原因是暴力打击伤.损伤类型以下颌骨骨折最常见.交通事故、工伤、跌倒坠落、暴力打击是下颌骨骨折的高危因素,年龄是其保护因素.颌面创伤合并全身常见损伤依次为,四肢、颅脑、胸部等.颌面部骨折的最常用的治疗方法是ORIF.

目的:舌癌根治术同期行舌缺损游离皮瓣修复重建,评价术后其语言、咀嚼、活动、吞咽等功能恢复效果,以期为舌癌根治切除舌缺损修复重建提供理论依据.方法:选择我院颌面头颈外科2010～2018年间共80例舌癌根治术同期行舌缺损游离皮瓣修复重建患者,按舌缺损范围分为A组,半舌缺损;B组,舌根缺损或部分舌根缺损;C组,半舌缺损及手术涉及同侧口底、颌骨.有2.5年以上跟踪随访时间.经语言清晰度、咀嚼效率、舌运动范围、吞咽造影剂透视显示吞咽模式等测定,对舌修复重建后的舌形态及运动、语言、咀嚼、吞咽功能进行效果评价.结果:80例舌癌扩大切除舌缺损同期前臂皮瓣修复重建后,患者语音尚清晰,并且修复的部位及范围不同与患者术后语音清晰度有明显差异,且差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);C组与A、B两组相比舌侧伸和抬举运动受限较明显,但咀嚼效率及吞咽功能差异不具有统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:舌癌扩大切除舌缺损前臂皮瓣修复重建后其形态与功能可获得较为良好的恢复,但舌根癌修复后其伸展功能较差.

目的:建立一个能够稳定传代且生物学特性稳定的兔舌癌细胞系并对其生物学特性进行检测.方法:取对数生长期的第55代RSCC-1,注射于新西兰白兔舌缘,2周后成瘤,取瘤体组织Transwell Permeable Supports(TPS)法原代培养、纯化,获得新的兔舌癌细胞系RSCC-1a.连续传代培养,并对RSCC-1a进行生物学特性检测:1.形态学检测,包括HE染色、免疫组化染色、倒置相差显微镜、透射电镜观察兔舌癌细胞形态;2.细胞生长动力学检测,包括生长曲线绘制、细胞生长周期分析、计算细胞倍增时间;3.成瘤性检测,包括同种异体(兔)成瘤率、异种(裸鼠)成瘤率;4.核型分析.结果:RSCC-1接种后2周,形成兔舌癌模型,病理检查证实为鳞状细胞癌,瘤体组织进行原代培养,获得RSCC-1a细胞系,已稳定传至73代,形态学观察见细胞呈多边形,免疫组化角蛋白阳性.生长曲线呈停滞期、对数生长期及平台期3个典型时相;细胞周期测GⅠ期为71.55％,G2期为6.59％,S期为20.84％;染色体为亚四倍体核型,染色体数为93 ～ 212条,众数为139;裸鼠成瘤率100％,同种异体成瘤率100％,部分兔还发生颈部淋巴结转移.结论:通过RSCC-1成瘤后的瘤体组织进行原代培养,获得兔舌癌细胞系RSCC-1a,对其生物学特性检测,证明其为上皮来源的恶性肿瘤细胞系.

目的 探讨标准化病人在口腔颌面外科实践教学中的效果.方法 随机选取40名2015级五年制口腔医学本科生,分为2组,实验组采用标准化病人教学法授课,对照组采用课堂授课结合课间实习法授课.结果 实验组实践考核成绩显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);问卷调查显示,90％以上的受试学生认为标准化病人教学模式可以增强其医患沟通能力、提高对口腔颌面外科疾病的认识和处理能力(P＜0.05).结论 标准化病人教学模式能显著提高口腔颌面外科实践教学效果.

马德龙病又称为多发性对称性脂肪瘤病,是一类罕见的因脂肪代谢障碍引起的疾病,多发于30～60岁的中老年男性,主要病变特征是大量无包膜脂肪组织团块呈弥漫性、对称性聚积在颈、项、肩以及其他躯干部位的皮下组织内,目前对于该病国际上尚无标准有效的治疗方法.本文报告我科收治的1例马德龙病例,并基于现有文献资料,对马德龙病的病因、临床分型、特征性表现以及诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗等进行讨论.

口腔鳞状细胞癌是目前最常见的口腔恶性肿瘤之一,在近年来发病率逐年升高并有年轻化的趋势.OSCC的恶性程度高,OSCC患者的总体生存率在过去的很长一段时间并未得到有效改善,始终维持在50％左右.既往的口腔肿瘤研究者们多试图以优化临床治疗方法为突破口.他们花费大量的人力、物力在对治疗方法不断优化的探索上,他们不仅对手术、放疗、化疗等方法进行优化,同时也在探索治疗方法的优化组合.以期达到提高患者的生存率的目的,但让研究者感到遗憾的是优化临床治疗方案的结果目前并不理想.近年来随着分子生物学迅猛发展,大量研究发现长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)在肿瘤细胞中异常表达,并在肿瘤发展进程中扮演重要的角色.因此,许多研究者逐渐意识到可以通过深入研究LncRNA在OSCC的分子发生机制层面的作用,进而分析OSCC发生和发展的可能机制.积极探索临床治疗OSCC的有效分子靶点对促进OSCC的早期发现、诊断及治疗都具有积极的意义.所以本文主要探讨在分子层面LncRNA对口腔鳞癌发生发展机制的影响的研究进展.

日间手术是指患者入院、手术和出院在1个工作日内完成的手术,具有加快病床周转、提高医疗资源使用效率、减少院内感染、加速患者康复及降低医疗费用等优点,为部分中、小手术患者提供了一种新型医疗服务.由于同时涉及手术、麻醉及围术期管理等多个环节,日间手术的开展在我国仍处于起步阶段.口腔颌面外科日间手术仅在部分医疗机构初步开展,尚未普及,且缺乏统一的规范化流程.为促进我国口腔颌面外科日间手术的发展,中国日间手术合作联盟和中华口腔医学会口腔颌面外科专业委员会组织全国15所医疗机构相关领域专家,参考国外日间手术的发展经验并结合国情,讨论并制订了本专家共识,以期对我国口腔颌面外科日间手术的开展起到规范和指导作用.

目的:探讨颌骨囊性病变的临床特点,比较不同治疗方法的疗效和预后,为提高其诊治水平提供依据.方法:收集2009年1月-2015年9月在内蒙古医科大学附属医院口腔颌面外科首诊、有完整临床资料、经过治疗的颌骨囊性病变的住院患者200例.收集相关数据后,采用SPSS 16.0软件包对数据进行x2检验、Fisher精确检验或t检验,比较不同治疗方法的效果.结果:根尖囊肿所占比例最大,男性多于女性,41～50岁为高发年龄段;发生于上颌骨的病变多于下颌骨,左侧多于右侧;因牙疼痛、颌骨肿胀性疼痛就诊的患者最多.中型颌骨囊性病变应用刮治术效果优于开窗减压术,大型颌骨囊性病变应用开窗减压术效果优于刮治术,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).牙源性角化囊肿和成釉细胞瘤应用刮治术比开窗减压术的复发率高,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:中小型颌骨囊性病变选择刮治术效果较好,可缩短治愈时间;大型颌骨囊性病变采用开窗减压术效果较好,利于保存邻近组织结构.多囊型颌骨囊性病变可选择开窗减压术与刮治术联合应用,远期疗效较好.

旨在了解导师制对住院医师规范化培训的影响.对照组采用传统教学模式,实验组采用导师制进行培养,运用SPSS 20.0软件对临床培训结果进行统计分析.结果显示,实验组技能考核成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义.问卷调查结果提示,实验组分析和解决临床问题能力、临床思维能力明显提高.

骨母细胞瘤是一种少见的骨肿瘤,约占骨肿瘤的1％[1],好发于脊柱和长骨,发生于颌骨者很少见[2-5].现将我科收治的1例左侧髁突侵袭性软骨母细胞瘤病例报道如下: 1.临床资料 患者男性,71岁,因“左侧颧弓部肿瘤术后11年伴局部疼痛2年”入院.患者11年前在我院行左侧颧弓部软骨母细胞瘤切除术,术后恢复好.2年前自觉左侧颞颌关节区咀嚼痛,张口受限,夜间偶有针刺样痛,口服布洛芬疼痛缓解.1周前左侧颞颌关节区疼痛加剧.查体见患者左侧髁突部可触及一大小约4cm×2.5cm肿物,质硬,无活动度,无触压痛,张口型基本正常,张口度约3cm,口内未见异常,颏下、颌下、颈部未触及肿大淋巴结.CT示左侧髁突周围不规则结节状高密度影(见图1).