Background This study aims to investigate the ability of umbilical moxibustion (UM) to enhance the pirfenidone (PFD)-mediated attenuation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and to explore whether this effect is exerted by inhibition of the ZBP1-PANoptosis pathway. Methods Fifty rats were randomly assigned to five groups ( n = 10/group): Sham, IPF, PFD, UM, and UM + PFD. After a 21-day intervention, pulmonary function was evaluated. Hematoxylin–eosin/Sirius Red staining assessed lung pathology; ELISA measured serum/lung interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and IFN-γ; Western blotting detected lung ZBP1, caspase-3, GSDMD-N, and p-MLKL; immunofluorescence observed ZBP1-NLRP3 colocalization. In vitro, cells were divided into N, IPF (100-μM bleomycin), 10% S, 15% S, and 5Z-7 groups. CCK-8 detected cell viability; immunofluorescence observed vimentin/α-SMA intensity; Western blotting detected the same proteins. Results Bleomycin induced increased Rrs, Ers, Rn, and H and decreased Crs and G in rat pulmonary function, along with lung tissue destruction, inflammatory infiltration, collagen deposition, an elevated type I/III collagen ratio, increased levels of inflammatory factors and PANoptosis target proteins, and strong ZBP1-NALP3 colocalization. PFD, UM, and UM + PFD all delayed pulmonary fibrosis progression, improved pulmonary function, and reduced levels of inflammatory factors and PANoptosis target proteins, with UM + PFD showing the optimal effect. In vitro, the UM + PFD group exhibited a ZBP1 inhibitor-like effect, inhibiting PANoptosis and delaying fibrin formation, and its therapeutic effect was positively correlated with serum concentration. Conclusion UM can enhance the ability of PFD to delay IPF. It can alleviate bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammatory injury and improve pulmonary function of IPF by inhibiting the ZBP1-PANoptosis pathway.

This study sought to investigate the anti-amyloid β (Aβ) and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of catalpol in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of acupuncture of "Tianshu"(ST25) at different depths on colonic transportation function, expressions of colonic substance P (SP) and interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in rats with slow transit constipation (STC), so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of STC．. METHODS:Fifty male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into control，STC model，conventional acupuncture，deep needling group 1 and deep needling group 2 groups，with 10 rats in each group．The STC model was established by gavage of 1 mg/mL compound diphenoxylate suspension (10 mg/kg), once every other day for 21 days, and rats of the control group were given the same dose of distilled water by gavage．EA (2 Hz, 2 mA) was applied to "Tianshu"(ST25), with the acupuncture needle inserted to a depth of 3 mm for rats of the conventional acupuncture group, 4.5 mm for those of deep needling group 1, and 10 mm for those of the deep needling group 2. The acupuncture needle was twirled for 1 min, then retained for 15 min each time, once a day for 15 consecutive days．Following modeling, rats of the 4 groups and the control group received gavage of active carbon 2 mL (100 g/L) for observing the excretion time of the first black stool grain to assess the intestinal transit function. The colonic myoelectric activities (frequency and amplitude) were recorded by using BIOPAC multichannel physiograph. The immunoactivity of SP and c-kit (a transmembrane protein kinase for identification of ICC) of colonic musculature was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:Compared with the control group，the time of excretion of the first black stool grain, and the amplitude of colonic electromyogram (EMG) were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the frequency of EMG, expressions of SP and c-kit (ICC) were significantly decreased in the model group (P<0.01). In contrast to the model group, both deep needling group 1 and 2 had a decrease in the time of excretion of the first black stool grain, and amplitude of intestinal EMG, and an increase of frequency of intestinal EMG, and immunoactivity of SP and c-kit (P<0.01). The effect of deep needling 2 is superior to that of deep needling 1 in reducing the time of excretion of the first black stool grain (P<0.05), lowering the amplitude of EMG of the gut smooth muscle (P<0.05) and in increasing the frequency of EMG (P<0.05) and the expressions of SP and c-kit (P<0.05). No significant changes were found in the levels of frequency and amplitude of EMG, and expressions of SP and c-kit after routine needling in comparison with the model group (P>0.05), except the excretion time of the first black stool grain (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Deep needling at ST25 at depth of 4.5 mm and 10 mm，especially at depth of 10 mm，has a significant effect in promoting gut motility to ameliorate constipation in rats with STC, which may be related to its function in up-regulating the expressions of SP and ICC activity.

Background: Physiological exercise-induced fatigue is a potential risk factor to human body in motion which can restrict the effectiveness of training and resulting muscle and joint strain. Both ancient texts and modern clinical reports have shown that moxibustion at CV8 alleviates exercise-induced fatigue. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of action is still unclear. Objective: To investigate the effect of moxibustion on mitochondrial energy metabolism in skeletal muscle of fatigued rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, rats treated with moxibustion for 8 weeks to assess its efficacy in enhancing energy metabolism in skeletal muscle. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), prohibitin-1 (PHB1), FoF1-ATPase and mitochondrial morphology of the biceps femoris were analyzed to explore evidence of moxibustion in long-term exercise. Results: Our research indicated that moxibustion could reduce the levels of biceps MDH, PHB1 and FoF1-ATPase in fatigued rats, and increased SDH and ATP levels. The electron microscopy showed that the mitochondrial morphology in the untreated and non-acupoint groups swollen, the cristae either decreased or fractured, but the degree of CV8 group was significantly lower than the other two groups. Conclusions: Moxibustion at CV8 relieves motor fatigue by regulating the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle and is a safe and effective non-drug treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) of bilateral "Tianshu"(ST25) at different frequencies on the first black stool discharge time, colonic electromyography (EMG) and immunoactivity of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and substance P (SP) in the colon tissue in rats with slow transit constipation (STC), so as to choose a better stimulating frequency in the treatment of STC. METHODS:A total of 50 male Wistar rats were randomized into control, model, 2 Hz-EA, 100 Hz- EA, and 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA groups, with 10 rats in each group. The STC model was established by intraperitoneal injection of compound diphenoxylate suspension fluid (10 mg/kg). EA was applied to bilateral ST25 for 30 min, once a day for 14 consecutive days. The discharge time for the first black stool was recorded after gavage of mixed suspension fluid of active carbon (2 mL) for assessing the gastrointestinal motility. The colonic EMG was recorded by using a pair of silver electrodes and bioelectric amplifier. The expression of SP and VIP in the colonic tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS:Following mode-ling, the colonic EMG amplitude, the discharge time for the first black stool and VIP immunoactivity were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the EMG frequency and SP immunoactivity were significantly decreased （P<0.01） in the model group compared with the control group. Compared with the model group, the increase of the discharge time for the first black stool, EMG amplitude and VIP immunoactivity, the decrease of EMG frequency and SP immunoactivity were reversed in the 3 EA groups (P<0.01, P<0.05). The therapeutic effect of 100 Hz-EA was notably weaker than that of both 2 Hz-EA and 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA in up-regulating EMG frequency and SP immunoactivity and in down-regulating the discharge time for the first black stool, EMG amplitude and VIP immunoactivity (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between the 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and 2 Hz-EA groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:EA can accelerate colonic EMG activities, which may be associated with its functions in down-regulating VIP immunoactivity and up-regulating SP immunoactivity in the colonic tissues. The therapeutic effects of 2 Hz/100 Hz-EA and 2 Hz-EA are better than that of 100 Hz-EA.

当前人才队伍建设滞后的问题已成为制约深化医改的重要因素,通过了解学生思想动态,完善研究生阶段的教学机制,以培养符合岗位胜任力目标、具有中医思维的合格中医人才.根据276名研究生的调研结果,结合医教协同发展的时代背景,提出统一研究生复试入口、优化中医住院医师规范化培训方案、修订中医学术学位研究生培养方案等方面建议,探索构建多途径的高层次中医学人才培养体系.

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety of thread embedding acupuncture therapy (TEAT) and discuss the prevention and treatment of some adverse events (AEs).METHODS:Review of databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CBMdisc, Wanfang, VIP databases and English literature published in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, were searched from their inception to January 2020, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case reports in which AEs with TEAT were included. Cochrane Collaboration's tool and RevMan V.5.3.3 software were used to evaluate the quality of the studies.RESULTS:A total of 61 studies (45 RCTs and 16 case reports) with 620 cases of AEs were included in this review. These studies were published in two countries: China and South Korea. Twenty eight kinds of AEs were summarized. The most common AEs were induration, bleeding and ecchymosis, redness and swelling, fever, and pain. They were accounted for 75.35% (425/564) in the review, and most of them were mild. The rarest AEs were epilepsy, irregular menstruation, skin ulcer, thread malabsorption, and fat liquefaction, with 1 case each. But not all of them had clear causal relationship with TEAT. Most of the AEs were local reactions [with incidence of 9.83% (480/4,882)] and systemic reactions accounted for only 1.27% (62/4,882). Although the included studies showed that AEs were very commonly encountered (11.09%), only 5 cases of severe AEs reported from 2013 to 2017 (0.1%) by using catgut thread, which are rarely seen nowdays with the wide use of new absorbable surgical suture. All of the severe AEs were recovered after symptomatic treatment with no sequelae.CONCLUSIONS:The evidence showed that TEAT is a relatively safe and convenient therapy especially since application of new absorbable surgical suture. Improving practitioner skills, regulating operations, and paying attention to the patients' conditions may reduce the incidence of AEs and improve safety of TEAT.

BACKGROUND:Panic disorder (PD), defined by repeated and unexpected panic attacks, severely affects patients' living quality and social function. Perimenopausal women are high-risk group of PD and suffer greatly from it. Modern medicine therapies for this disorder have many side reactions and poor effects, so nonpharmacological modality is an urgent need. Although acupoint catgut embedding is widely used in clinical practice, there is no persuasive evidence of its effect for perimenopausal PD. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of acupoint catgut embedding for perimenopausal PD and to elucidate the correlations among brain neural activation, bio-markers (amino acids) and clinical outcomes with radiographic evidence, thus to explore its neural mechanism. METHODS:The parallel designed, exploratory randomized controlled trial will include 70 outpatients with perimenopausal PD recruited from two hospitals of Chinese Medicine. These subjects will be randomly allocated to an intervention group (Group Embedding) and a control group (Group Medication) in a 1:1 ratio. The subjects in the intervention group will receive acupoint catgut embedding treatment two weeks a time in the following predefined acupuncture points: Shenshu (BL23), Sanyinjiao (SP6), Guanyuan (RN4), Ganshu (BL18), Zusanli (ST36) and Pishu (BL20). The included women of the control group will take 0.4 mg Alprazolam tablet orally, 1 tablet a time, 3 times a day. There is a study period of 3 months and a follow-up period of 1 month for each group. The primary outcomes will be the following therapeutic indexes: the frequency of panic attack, Panic Disorder Severity Score (PDSS), and Panic-associated Symptoms Score (PASS) during the observation period and follow-up period. The changes in Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) Score and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) Score will also be compared between these two groups. Additionally, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) scans will be done before and after the observation period to show cranial neuroimaging changes. DISCUSSION:We present a study design and rationale to explore the effectiveness and neural mechanism of acupoint catgut embedding for perimenopausal PD. There are still several factors restrict our research such as no unified standard of diagnostic criteria and curative effect evaluation. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16009724, registered in November 2016.

穴位埋线技术作为传统针灸疗法中的重要组成部分,在治疗骨科疼痛疾病中(以颈椎病、腰腿痛为主)发挥了不可替代的作用.然而,临床操作过程中也逐渐暴露出一些问题与不足,主要表现在操作过程失精准、线体埋置深浅缺乏量化分析、临床补泻手法难操作、埋线后穴位动态效应不明确4个方面.肌骨超声技术的不断发展为解决这些临床问题提供方法和契机,通过对肌骨超声的技术优势及在针灸临床研究中的应用现状进行分析与论述,并对其进一步应用于穴位埋线疗法所能发挥的技术优势进行探讨与阐释,力求实现埋线操作过程可视化、线体埋置深浅规范化、补泻手法安全有效化、埋线后穴位动态效应明确化,以期穴位埋线研究及临床运用方面取得突破性的进展.

目的:探讨艾灸神阙穴对不同程度力竭运动大鼠海马区单胺类神经递质的影响.方法:将72只SD雄性大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组8只、模型组和艾灸组各32只,根据造模u治疗时间将模型组和艾灸组随机分为1、4、7、10次亚组,每亚组8只,采用游泳实验建立力竭模型.艾灸各亚组大鼠造模后即刻温和灸神阙穴15min,隔日1次,各亚组大鼠完成相应力竭运动后24h检测海马组织5-HT、DA、NE的含量.结果:与正常组比较,模型各亚组5-HT含量均明显升高,模型1、4、7次亚组NE含量均明显升高,模型1次亚组DA含量明显升高,模型10次亚组却明显降低.与相应模型亚组比较,艾灸4次亚组NE含量明显升高,艾灸7、10次亚组5-HT含量显著降低,DA、NE含量明显升高.结论:艾灸神阙穴可以通过调节反复力竭运动大鼠海马区神经递质,促进神经细胞的功能恢复,改善机体疲劳状态,为今后临床应用提供一定的实验基础.

随着穴位埋线疗法的普及,不良反应的危害逐渐受到重视,但是目前对穴位埋线不良反应的报道甚少,其中一部分原因是缺乏统一规范的不良反应评价体系.文章通过对近几十年穴位埋线不良反应相关文献的检索,概述了穴位埋线不良反应的种类,分析了不良反应产生的原因,探讨了穴位埋线不良反应评价体系建立的方法,拟出了不良反应的评价体系和分级处理方法,并举出笔者在临床实践中的应用,将有利于穴位埋线不良反应的系统量化研究以及不良反应评价体系的建立.

Objective To observe the effects of moxibustion on central fatigue in rats subjected to different degrees of exhaustive exercise. Methods The exhaustive exercise model was established through repeated trials of swimming. Ninety-six male SD rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: a control group (n = 32) that did not undergo the exercise routine, an untreated group (n = 32) that received no treatment after exercise, and a moxibustion group (n = 32) that received a mild dose of moxibustion at "Shenque" (CV 8) for 15 min after exercise. Rats in each group were randomly and equally divided into 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th trial subgroups according to exercise duration. The levels of hippocampal tissue monoamine neurotransmitters 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), Dopamine(DA) and free radicals Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were measured after the exhaustive exercise protocol for each group. Results The exhaustive duration of rats in the 4th trial untreated subgroup was significantly longer than the 1st trial untreated subgroup, while the 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were significantly shorter than the 1st trial untreated subgroup. The 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were longer than the corresponding untreated subgroups. Compared with the control group, the levels of 5-HT and MDA in rat brains for each untreated subgroup were higher and the GSH-Px levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were lower. The levels of brain DA and SOD in rats from the 1st trial untreated subgroup were significantly higher than controls and then decreased. The 7th and 10th trial untreated subgroups were significantly lower. Compared with the corresponding untreated subgroups, the levels of rat brain 5-HT in the 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were decreased, the MDA levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were decreased, and the DA, SOD, GSH-Px levels in the 4th, 7th and 10th trial moxibustion subgroups were increased. Conclusions Moxibustion relieved exercise-induced central fatigue in long-term exercise by reducing the levels of 5-HT and MDA while increasing the levels of DA, SOD, and GSH-Px, effectively extending the duration of the exhaustive exercise.

目的:对中医学本科专业临床带教医师及毕业学生的教学质量进行回顾性评价,针对暴露问题提出精准改革建议.方法:采用网络在线填写调查问卷形式,临床带教医师评价与毕业学生自评相结合的方法,围绕毕业生医学知识、临床技能、应用能力、职业素质4方面情况,对中医学专业本科教学质量进行回顾性评价,并进行比较分析.结果:回收有效问卷301份,其中临床带教医师82份,毕业学生219份.分析发现中医学专业本科毕业生医学知识、临床技能、应用能力、职业素质评价优良率分别为63.38％、66.91％、69.55％、89.12％,中医经典医籍和西医解剖生理知识最低,分别为48.51％、56.81％.当前毕业生医学知识、临床技能及应用能力均有待进一步提升,尤其是临床基础知识.结论:建议加强中医通识课程与实训课程建设、整合医学课程突出临床特色、丰富第二课堂内容创新形式,以培养符合岗位胜任力目标、具有中医思维的合格中医人才.

Background : Around 10% of general population suffer from panic attack (PD), and menopausal women are high-risk group of PD. PD severely effects patients’ living quality and social function because of its sudden onset and strong sense of impending death. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathogenesis, physio-pathology characters and seek for valid therapeutic measures. Methods : A parallel designed, exploratory randomized controlled trial with 7:3 allocation to intervention group (contains Group Implantation and Group Medication) versus control group. The included women of Group Implantation will receive a biweekly acupoint catgut embedding treatment during 12 consecutive weeks in the following predefined acupuncture points: BL23, SP6, RN4, BL18, ST36 and BL20. All acupuncturists are medical doctors educated in acupuncture. The included women of Group Medication will take 0.4mg Alprazolam tablet orally, 1 tablet a time, 3 times a day. There is a study period of 3 months and a follow-up period of 1 month for each group. The primary outcomes are measured by the following therapeutic indexes: frequency of panic attack during observation period (3 months) and during follow-up period (1 month), Panic Disorder Severity Score (PDSS), Panic Associated Symptoms Score (PASS) and HAMA Score. The secondary outcomes are measured by the following therapeutic indexes: SLC-90 Score, Chinese Menopause Rating Scale Score. And there are several Biomarker Indexes: fMRI and 1H-MRS scans taken pretherapy and post-treatment, free amino acid and E2 of peripheral blood tested pretherapy and post-treatment. Moreover, there are also safety indexes: blood routine test, urine routine test, stool routine test, liver function (ALT), kidney function (serum creatinine) and electrocardiogram. Discussion : In this study, we are meant to reveal neural activity and amino acid metabolism of PD patients, and the internal relationship with clinic curative effect by using fMRI and 1H-MRS. The results of this study may provide a novel treatment regimen for PD patients. Trial registration : Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16009724, registered in November 2016. Keywords : Acupoint catgut embedding, GABA-Glutamate, Menopausal, Panic disorder, Protocol

用“早临床、多临床、反复临床”的教育理念从宏观与微观角度对临床人才培养体系进行分析,诠释中医特色临床人才培养.

目的 观察芒针温针灸对慢传输型便秘(STC)的治疗效果.方法 将209例STC患者随机分为治疗组(106例)和对照组(103例),治疗组采用芒针温针灸治疗,对照组采用西沙必利口服,分别对两组治疗效果和结肠传输功能进行疗效评估.结果 经治疗后,治疗组总有效率为92.45％,明显高于组总有效率(79.61％,P<0.05).与治疗前比较,两组均可加速肠道内标记物清除速度(P<0.01),治疗组肠道内标记物的清除速度更快(P<0.01).结论 芒针温针灸治疗可明显改善STC患者结肠传输功能.

Objective To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on free radical metabolism in rat’s hippocampus after different degrees of exhaustive exercise. Methods A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group ( n =8), a model group ( n =32) and a moxibustion group ( n =32). According to the times of modeling or treatment, the model group was further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time model subgroup, a 4-time model subgroup, a 7-time model subgroup and a 10-time model subgroup ( n =8); the moxibustion group was also further randomly divided into different subgroups of a 1-time moxibustion subgroup, a 4-time moxibustion subgroup, a 7-time moxibustion subgroup and a 10-time moxibustion subgroup ( n =8). Rats in both model and moxibustion subgroups were subjected to establishing the swimming exhaustive model. Rats in each moxibustion subgroup received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min immediately after modeling, once every other day. The concentration of malic dialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in rat’s hippocampus in each group were detected 24 h after the exhaustive exercise. Results Compared with the 1-time model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats was significantly prolonged in the 4-time model subgroup ( P <0.01), while it was significantly shortened in the 7-time and 10-time model subgroups (both P <0.01). Compared with the matched model subgroup, the exhaustive swimming time of rats in the 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups was significantly prolonged (both P <0.01). Compared with the normal group, the MDA concentration was increased significantly ( P <0.01), and the activities stress response of SOD and T-AOC were increased in the 1-time model subgroup (both P <0.05); the MDA concentration was increased (all P <0.01), and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were decreased differently ( P <0.05 or P <0.01) in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time model subgroups. Compared with the matched model subgroup, the concentration of MDA was significantly reduced ( P <0.05 or P <0.01), and the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and T-AOC were significantly increased in the 4-time, 7-time and 10-time moxibustion subgroups (all P <0.01). Conclusion Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) can improve the fatigue status of the body after long-term exhaustive exercise by regulating free radical metabolism in rat’s hippocampus. To some extent, this provides an experimental basis for moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) against exercise-induced fatigue.

Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) of three different frequencies (2 Hz, 80 Hz and 2 Hz/80 Hz) on the free radicals in hippocampus of vascular dementia (VD) model mice. Methods A total of 100 Kunming mice were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a 2 Hz EA group, an 80 Hz EA group and a 2 Hz/80 Hz EA group, with 20 mice in each group. The ischemia-reperfusion VD model was established by repeated blockade of bilateral common carotid arteries. Mice in EA groups began EA treatment on the 4th day after the operation. Baihui (GV 20), Dazhui (GV 14), Geshu (BL 17) and Zusanli (ST 36) were punctured and then connected to EA instrument, with different waves of 2 Hz, 80 Hz or 2 Hz/80 Hz (10 min/time) applied accordingly, once a day. During the jumping stand experiment, the learning performance, memory performance and hippocampal calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and true choline esterase (TChE) were observed. In hippocampus, the CGRP level was determined by radioimmunoassay; the MDA level was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method; the activities of NOS and TChE were determined by spectrophotometry; the activity of SOD was determined by xanthine oxidase method. Results Compared with the sham operation group, the performances of learning and memory decreased significantly in the model group ( P <0.01); in hippocampus, the CGRP level decreased, the MDA level increased, the activities of NOS and TChE increased, and the activity of SOD decreased in the model group. Compared with the model group, the learning and memory performances of the EA groups were significantly improved ( P <0.05 or P <0.01); in hippocampus, the CGRP level increased, the MDA level decreased, the NOS and TChE activities decreased, and the SOD activity increased ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). Among EA groups, the 2 Hz/80 Hz EA group was superior to the 2 Hz EA group and the 80 Hz EA group ( P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion EA can improve the cognitive impairment of mice with ischemia-reperfusion VD. The mechanism may be related to the improvement of cerebral blood circulation, regulation of the central neurotransmitters, fighting lipid peroxidation and promoting nerve cell repair. The therapeutic effects of EA with different frequencies were different, and the intervention effect by EA at 2 Hz/80Hz is the most significant.

Objective To investigate the effect of moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) on fatigue in rats with chronic exercise-induced exhaustion. Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group and a moxibustion group, 10 rats in each group. Except rats in the blank group, the remaining rats were subjected to create long-term exhaustion models by repeated swimming. After successful modeling, rats in the moxibustion group received mild moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) for 15 min, once every other day with a total of 10 times. Rats in the model group and the blank group did not receive moxibustion. At the end of the treatment, the exhausted times, and the body weight of rats before and after the experiment were compared among groups. The levels of blood malondialdehyde (MDA) and urea nitrogen (BUN), as well as the activities of aspartate transarninase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured by the automatic biochemical analyzer, 24 h after the exhausting excise. Results The 10th swimming time was significantly longer in the moxibustion group than that in the model group ( P <0.01). The increase rate of the body weight was lower in the rats of the moxibustion group than that in the model group before the 7th and the 10th exhausting excise ( P <0.05, P <0.01). The levels of serum MDA and BUN, as well as the activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the model group were higher than those in the blank group (all P <0.01). The levels of serum MDA and BUN, as well as the activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group ( P <0.01). Conclusion Moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8) can decrease the serum levels of MDA and BUN, as well as activities of AST, ALT and LDH in the long-term fatigue rats, thus to improve the symptoms of fatigue.

目的 比较低频电针对男、女两组脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症患者临床疗效的差异性.方法 纳入单纯性肥胖症患者共80例,男性37例,女性43例.两组均选取阴陵泉、三阴交、足三里、丰隆、曲池、天枢、中脘、水分、气海、关元等穴,采用低频电针治疗,留针30min,每天1次,10次为一疗程,治疗2个疗程.观察两组患者治疗前后及随访3个月的体重、BMI、F％、胸围、腰围、臀围、腰臀比的变化,评价两组临床疗效,并进行分析比较.结果 男性组临床显效率为21.62％,总有效率为97.29％;女性组分别为4.65％、86.04％,男性组显效率和总体临床疗效均优于女性组(均P＜0.05),两组患者治疗后及随访3个月体重、BMI、F％、胸围、腰围、臀围、腰臀比较治疗前均有明显改善(均P＜0.01),但男性组体重、BMI较女性组均降低明显(P＜0.01);女性组F％、腰围、臀围较男性组均降低明显(P＜0.01).结论 低频电针对男、女脾虚湿盛型单纯性肥胖症患者均有明显的减肥作用和疗效,并且两者存在着一定的差异性,在改善体重、BMI方面男性优于女性,而在改善F％、腰围、臀围方面则女性优于男性.