Antibiotics, as emerging organic pollutants, have seriously affected the biodiversity of water and threatened mankind's health. Currently, low charge separation efficiency and insufficient light utilization limit the application of traditional photocatalysts in antibiotic degradation. In this work, the organic photovoltaic material PM6: Y6 was incorporated into an organic photocatalyst with bulk-heterojunction, and a third component, 3,9-bis{2-methylene[3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-cyclopentane-1,3-d ione-(c)thiophen]}-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl )-dithieno [2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (ITCPTC), was added to adjust the absorption spectrum of photocatalyst for efficient photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). Benefiting from excellent light utilization and effective carrier separation and transfer, the catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, achieving a 90%/99% degradation rate of CIP within 30/60 min under simulated sunlight irradiation (similar to 79 mW/cm(2)). Besides, the catalyst still exhibited good photocatalytic performance after multiple cycles of use. By Electron Spin Resonance analysis, the active species for photocatalytic degradation of CIP were mainly holes (h(+)) and superoxide radicals (O-center dot(2)-). Designing photocatalysts with a wider light absorption range and better charge separation is a feasible idea to achieve better photocatalytic performance. It is anticipated that this work could enhance the understanding of modification strategies for ternary organic semiconductors and expand the application of photocatalysis in environmental pollution control and remediation.

乡村小学全科教师行政合同政策是H省优化乡村教师队伍、深化乡村教育事业改革、强化推进乡村振兴战略的一个新举措,其在增加乡村教师数量、提升乡村教师质量、稳定乡村教师队伍等方面取得了一些成绩.然而,由于行政合同政策本身原因以及外部多种因素的影响,其在实施过程中存在政策失真问题.究其原因,针对性提出解决对策,有利于这项政策内容的不断完善、政策过程的动态监管和政策目标的高效实现.

Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an important selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme in human body. The preparation of bionic GPx and the mimicry of its catalytic behavior are of great significance for the development of antioxidant drugs. At present, most of the reported biomimetic selenoenzymes based on the macromolecular are difficult to be degraded, which restricts their applications in the fields such as medical treatment, health care, and functional food. In order to solve this issue, herein, the octenyl succinic acid-modified starch (OSA starch) prepared by the esterification of waxy corn starch was used as the raw material, a new selenium-functionalized starch (Se-starch) was synthesized via the reaction of OSA starch and sodium hydrogen selenide. Such Se-starch, as a biomimetic selenoenzyme, was characterized using 1H NMR, EDS, XPS, SEM, XRD, and FT-IR. The Se-starch with a catalytic activity of 2.48 μM·min−1 showed a typical catalysis behavior of saturated kinetic and enzymology. This catalytic activity is 1.04 × 105 times higher than that of the PhSeSePh, a representative small molecule bionic GPx. The study of catalytic mechanism revealed that the octenyl succinate molecule bonded on the starch endowed it with hydrophobic micro-environments, which benefited the binding of hydrophobic substrates, and consequently increased the catalytic activity. This work not only provided a new idea for constructing natural polymers-based bionic GPx, but also offered an important theoretical basis for the development of new antioxidant drugs and functional foods.

《高分子材料成型加工》是高分子材料与工程专业学生的必修课程.课程具有基础知识面广、理论要求高、设备操作复杂等特点,学习难度较大.本文结合北部湾大学的应用型大学背景,初步探讨该课程的教学改革和实践,提出理论教学与实验内容相辅相成、专业课程与基础课程融会贯通等方法,注重强化学生的工程实践能力,以期提高学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力.

长期以来,我国政府始终坚持从社会价值取向来制定中小学德育目标政策,从国家和社会需要的视角来选择德育内容,因而造成对中小学德育内在的二元矛盾,特别是对共性和个性、非理性和理性以及工具性和目的性关系的忽视,导致利己与利他关系的冲突和对立,使得我国中小学德育实践过度重视其社会价值、外在价值和工具价值,而忽视其所具有的个体价值、内在价值和目的价值.透视中小学德育过程中利己与利他关系重心的失衡状态,可以为复归中小学德育中利己与利他关系的张力、平衡现有的失衡状态指出新路径.循此路径,我国中小学德育教师才能合理对待利己教育,坚持利己与利他的和谐统一,从而有效践行立德树人的时代使命.

有机化学是化学化工类专业的一门必修基础课程.在课程思政教育背景下开展有机化学教学,应注重思政元素融入,把思想引领与价值观塑造融入专业教学中,将育才和育人相结合.从强化师生思政教育理念,针对专业和课程特点结合完善人才培养方案及如何结合课程内容开展课程思政等方面进行探讨,旨在提升课堂教学效果与质量,达到人才培养目标.

As a promising candidate of Cr(VI) decontamination, cellulose is limited in the Cr(VI) uptake due to its poor accessibility. Herein, We describe the synthesis of a novel cellulose-based adsorbent (PQC, where P and QC designate the polyethylenimine and quaternized cellulose, respectively) with functional groups of quaternary ammonium and amino for enhanced capture of Cr(VI) from water. For preparing PQC, cellulose is first quaternized homogeneously, followed by grafting and/or cross-linking with polyethylenimine in the presence of epichlorohydrin. The PQC follows the Langmuir isotherm and presents a maximum Cr(VI) uptake capacity of 490.3 mg/g at 30 °C and initial pH about 2.0, much higher than many other reported cellulose-based adsorbents. The adsorption of PQC is spontaneous and endothermic, which follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and achieves the equilibrium after contacting about 50 min. Furthermore, the PQC, with favorable reusability, can work well in a high coexisting anion concentration. These excellent absorption performances are attributed to its physicochemical properties such as the robust porous structure and high density of functional groups including quaternary ammonium, amino and hydroxyl, which improve the availability to capture or reduce Cr(VI). This work demonstrates the significant potential of cellulose-based adsorbent for remediating aqueous Cr(VI).

从教育人性化的视角来看,中小学校德育范式的变迁出现了三大转变:从抽象的政治口号渐变为具体的生活要求;从圣人道德、精英道德渐变为大众道德、底线道德;从理论性说教渐变为可操作性规则.这三大转变背后,依然存在着不够公平公正、侵犯学生权利和缺乏宽容原则等德育指向性问题.在新时代,构建吻合人性需求的学生道德认知结构、营造宽容的文化氛围、创建公平的社会制度环境,可以形成家—校—社会联动合作的多维德育网络体系,有助于促进中小学生良好道德行为习惯的养成和践行.

Excessive reactive oxygen free radicals (ROS) are the main cause of various oxidative diseases. It is of great significance to develop antioxidant drugs that can intelligently regulate free radical concentrations. The biomimetic simulation of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) can provide an important theoretical basis for the development of antioxidant drugs. In order to explore a simple and efficient strategy for constructing biomimetic GPx, a microgel biomimetic GPx (PNTegel) with temperature responsive catalytic activity was prepared by a one-pot synthesis method. The PNTegel, with typical enzymatic catalytic characteristics, exhibited a maximum catalytic activity at 37 °C (υ 0 = 11.51 mM min-1). The investigation of the catalytic mechanism of PNTegel suggested that the binding of different hydrophobic substrates to PNTegel was altered by the change of hydrophobicity of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) in the microgel scaffold of PNTegel during the temperature response process. The change of hydrophobicity was the main factor for regulating the catalytic activity of PNTegel, which resulted in a temperature responsive catalytic behavior of PNTegel. This new strategy for the simple and efficient construction of biomimetic GPx by a one-pot method provides important theoretical support for exploring the preparation of highly effective antioxidant drugs.

Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an important antioxidant enzyme. The exploration of a simple and efficient strategy for preparing biomimetic GPx is of great significance, because it can provide theoretical supports for the development of antioxidant drugs that can regulate the concentration of free radicals. In this work, a microgel based biomimetic GPx (PAMTegel) with temperature responsive catalytic activity was simply and efficiently constructed by the combination of one-pot method and ATRP polymerization. The PAMTegel exhibited a typical enzymatic catalytic behavior with temperature responsiveness. The catalytic activity of PAMTegel could be facilely regulated by adjusting temperature from 25 to 50 degrees C. The hydrophobicity change of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) molecular chain in the PAMTegel was the key factor to manage the catalytic activity. The strategy for constructing temperature responsive biomimetic GPx and the related investigation for its catalytic mechanism may provide an important theoretical basis for the development of intelligent antioxidants.

Due to the favorable retention power and viscosity, the hydrogel that is loaded with an aqueous detergent, represents a promising cleaning tool for removing the foreign matters such as polymer adhesive, starch paste, and animal glue from paper artworks. However, it is still challenging to eliminate other stains, including organic dyes, commercial drinks, foxing, and mildew. Herein, we present an alternative methodology, translucent hydrogel-containing electrolyte-based electrochemical cleaning (EC), which incorporates electrochemical reactions into the hydrogel-based cleaning process using the extremely tough and translucent alginate/polyacrylamide hydrogel as cathode and PbO2 as anode. The proposed approach is generally applicable to eliminate different stains such as organic dyes, commercial drinks, mildew, and foxing from paper under several mA/cm2 and a few minutes in a small controlled area. For the excellent mechanical strength, the hydrogel electrode can be reused for several times without losing its efficiency and easily peeled-off from paper as one body without any gel residues after cleaning. We further demonstrate the effect of EC on the treated paper, including the morphology, degree of polymerization, crystal structure, and mechanical properties. We conclude that the influence of EC on the paper is slight under the mild treatment.

幼儿的社会与情绪学习预测着其学业成就和未来发展趋势.文章介绍了美国的幼儿社会与情绪学习现状,包括金字塔教育模型和学习标准以及广泛开展的社会情绪学习项目;分析其面临着教育方法、文化适宜性和教师专业发展等方面的挑战,探讨其对我国学前社会与情绪教育的启示.

作为一种新型的治理模式,项目制被广泛应用到我国高等教育治理过程中.对“质量工程”执行过程的政策文本分析表明,在项目治教过程中容易产生侵犯大学自治和学术自由、权力的“寻租设租”以及项目建设的“马太效应”等非预期负效应,权力高度集中于政府部门而又缺乏监管是导致诸多非预期负效应产生的根源.在未来,向社会和大学分权将是项目制改造的关键所在.

家长投入是提升儿童学业成就的关键性因素,也是美国教育改革的热点议题.自1965年被提出,家长投入的内涵经历了从关注行为指标到多维度分类、从外部的行为和资源到兼顾情感与信念、从家长个体行为到家庭、学校和社区合作的演变.家长投入对儿童及家庭具有积极意义,但家长投入成效受到投入质量的调节,同时也具有文化相对性.家长投入实践与研究的发展趋势是家长投入的公平、改善家长投入质量以及超越学业成就来综合地评估家长投入的结果.

Combined with the demand of talent in local applied oil-gas storage and transportation engineering talent for the North Bay area, the micro-class teaching reform of basic chemistry teaching process was carried out with the aim of improving the engineering practice ability of applied oil-gas storage and transportation engineering talent.The demand situation of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone for the professionals of oil-gas storage and transportation engineering professional was analyzed.The basis of micro-class teaching reformation was analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of carrying out the micro-teaching reform were also summarized.Some suggestions to improve the quality of micro-teaching reform were given, which might also provide the basement for other applied talent.

家长投入对儿童的学习和发展具有积极意义,是改善低收入家庭儿童发展的重要途径.本研究采用民族志的研究方法对北京某农民工聚居区的12个学前儿童家庭的家长投入进行了细致研究.结果发现,农民工家长支持学前子女教育的主要方式包括安排子女跳级、教授知识和监督作业、口头督促和创设学业环境.这个群体的家长投入以立足于家庭的自发型投入为主、聚焦于狭隘的学业成功目标,并且家长投入质量水平整体偏低.此外,农民工家长投入具有组群内的差异性,呈现出遵从型、改辙型和退却型三种倾向.从社会文化理论视角分析,聚居区的特有文化以及城乡二元社会结构共同塑造了家长的观念和行为.为改善农民工家长投入的不公平现状,既需要文化与结构层面相结合的干预,更需要基于农民工家庭生存和发展权的根本改善.

改革开放30多年来,中外合作办学模式经历了从项目模式到学院模式再到大学模式的重大变革.在这个变革过程中,中外合作办学面临着定位不清晰、质量监管不力、可持续发展后劲不足、良性竞争环境缺乏等问题.解决问题的关键在于,政府转变自身的管理职能,即政府既要尊重中外合作办学的发展规律,逐步下放办学自主权,又要创造良性的文化环境和竞争机制,还要大力发展中外合办大学,以发挥其助推中国高等教育改革的"鲶鱼效应".

中外合作大学的公私属性问题始终是中外合作大学研究中最重要和最基本的理论问题,因为它直接关系到中外合作大学的权利和义务,并影响到中外合作大学的发展方向.目前,学术界关于中外合作大学公私属性的认知存在着模糊不清的现象,政策失真、研究者的思维惯习和利益相关者的理论博弈是造成中外合作大学属性模糊的重要原因.我们认为中外合作大学具有或公或私的属性,而没有“非公非私、亦公亦私”的第三条道路可走.区分公私两种属性的中外合作大学,有助于探讨各自的权利与义务,以促使中外合作大学健康、可持续发展.

A soluble glutathione peroxidase mimic with the optimum structure (NCD-Te-NCD2.2) was constructed based on the supramolecular host-guest interaction. The self-assembled structure and catalytic mechanism of NCD-Te-NCD2.2 were detailed investigation. It was proved that NCD-Te-NCD2.2 could form the hollow vesicle-like aggregates in water. And saturation kinetics measurement indicated that NCD-TeNCD2.2 exhibited the typical enzyme catalytic behavior. Furthermore, benefited from the hydrophobic micro-environment in vesicle-like aggregates, NCD-Te-NCD2.2 exhibited the specific recognition ability for hydrophobic substrates, which was one of the important characteristics of native glutathione peroxidase. The successful construction of NCD-Te-NCD2.2 not only provides an efficient preparation method for soluble GPx mimic but also highlights for construction of other giant supramolecular biomimetic enzymes.

教育人性化是世界高等教育发展过程中的一个重大趋势.中山大学岭南学院的本科教育和自由、喜新、求真、向善、臻美、利己的人性相结合,可以更好地培养德才兼备的各类人才.从人才培养目标、过程、制度和评价等方面反思岭南学院在本科人才培养模式改革历程中的教育人性化特征及其变化,可从一个侧面深入了解20世纪80年代以来中国高等教育人性化的状况.