目的:观察7S管理模式联合PDCA循环法在医院病区环境管理中的应用效果.方法:将7S管理模式推广到广州市胸科医院临床病区环境管理中,实施"整理、整顿、清扫、清洁、素养、安全、节约"的要素管理,并运用PDCA循环法持续改进工作质量,观察并比较在2019年6月—2020年12月(7S管理模式联合PDCA循环法实施之前,以下简称实施前)和2021年1月—2022年7月(7S管理模式联合PDCA循环法实施之后,以下简称实施后)的病房环境改善效果、护理人员满意度、环境和物品设备管理的规范性等.结果:实施7S管理后病

Objective To provide some references for developing new nurse training scheme observing nursing behaviors of new recruited nurses after short-term training.Methods Four new recruited nurses trained 3 months were selected as observation objects.Their hospital infection operation,routine nursing care,basic nursing care,and nursing records,including 31 items,were observed for 3 months.The non-standard nursing behaviors were recorded and analyzed.Results These 4 nurses had 41,30,32,and 22 non-standard nursing behaviors (totally 125) during these 3 months,respectively,with an average of 1 person-time every three days.The orders of non-standard nursing behaviors from high to low frequency were routine nursing care (37 cases),nursing records(37 cases),basic nursing care(29 cases),and hospital infection operation(22 cases).In the first,second,and third month,non-standard routine nursing care occurred 10,15,and 12 times,non-standard nursing records 10,12,and 15,non-standard basic nursing care 8,11,and 10,non-standard hospital infection operation 10,9,and 3.Conclusions The non-standard nursing behaviors of new recruited nurses after short-term training are serious and have uncertain characteristics.The training and management for these new recruited nurses must be systematic,classified,specific,and individual.

目的探讨无针连接式正压留置针在结核性脑膜炎患者中的应用效果。方法本文通过对2015年4~6月结核性脑膜炎患者使用正压留置针120例的观察，静脉留置针的留置时间过程中出现堵管、回血、外渗、静脉炎、针刺伤的发生情况。结果正压无针连接式留置针保证留置时间，减少回血、堵管、针刺伤、静脉炎的发生。结论正压留置针具有封管方法简单，提高护士工作效率，保证封管效果，确保留置时间，留置期间提供安全防护，有效防止针刺伤。

Objective To explore the life ways of patients with laryngeal tuberculosis influencing its onset through investigation.Methods 50 patients with laryngeal tuberculosis and 50 healthy check-up persons were recruited from Guangzhou Chest Hospital from January,2013 to December,2014.Interview was carried out with a unified investigation questionnaire.Variables of statistical significance screened from 17 variables by univariate conditional Logistic regression analysis were further subjected to multivariate conditional Logistic regression analysis.Results The univariate analysis found that 9 variables associated with the pathogenesis of laryngeal tuberculosis,including gender,place of residence,education level,occupation,income,sleep,diet,smoking,and contact history of TB.The 9 variables above were introduced into the model by multivariate analysis,and 6 variables of statistical significance screened,including gender;place of residence,education level,occupation,work pressure,contact history of TB(P＜0.05).Conclusions Male,living in urban district,low education level,low income,inadequate sleep,smoking,etc.and risk of lung tuberculosis infection are the risk factors affecting laryngeal tuberculosis.

Objective To investigate the nursing strategy in patients with severe tuberculosis meningitis. Methods Retrospective analysis of the cause of death and nursing procedure in forty-one patients with tuberculosis meningitis. Results In forty-one patients, twenty cases died of cerebral hernia (48.78%), fourteen cases of infection (34.15%), six cases of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (14.63%), one case of cardiac arrest (2.44%). Conclusion Prompt the foundation, diet, psychological and medication nursing, eliminate the predisposing factors of cerebral hernia, control the intracranial pressure, prevent the hospital infection and gastrointestinal hemorrhage, which can reduce the mortality of tuberculosis meningitis.

目地:探讨老年肺结核咯血窒息患者的临床特点及护理方法.方法:回顾分析13例老年肺结核咯血窒息患者的临床资料及抢救的护理经过.结果:92.3％(12/13)的患者肺部损害超过4个肺叶、伴有多发空洞,69.2％(9/13)的伴有多种肺部合并症;46.％(6/13)的患者无典型窒息症状,46.％(6/13)需要简易呼吸气囊辅助通气治疗,抢救成功率84.6％(11/13).结论:老年咯血窒息患者多为肺部损害广泛、伴有多发空洞、多种肺部合并症、无典型窒息症状的重症肺结核患者,早期诊断、及时进行简易呼吸气囊辅助通气是抢救成功的关键.

目的 探讨细节管理在重症结核性脑膜炎患者管道护理中的实施效果及体会.方法 完善管道标识,注明名称、部位、留置时间、粘贴于留置的各种管道上;制定置管护理单并规范使用,有效地简化护理文书的书写;以三级负责制进行全程质控.结果 通过对病人实施细节管理前后进行比较,显示细节管理能有效避免护理隐患及减少护理缺陷.结论 细节管理的健全及实施,能确保病人留置管道的安全,保障护理质量,增加病人的满意度.

Objective To explore the effect of EBN used for enhancing the treatment adherence of floating patients with phthisis.Methods 200 cases of floating patients with phthisis were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, the routine care were used for control group, and EBN were used for experimental group. Results The treatment adherence in experimental group were significantly better than that in control group p<0.01,and the cured rate was significantly bigger, too(p<0.01). Conclusion EBN can enhance treatment adherence and clinical effect, but still need to more attention and support from related authority.

Objective To investigate management and treatment to tuberculosis(TB)of floating population in the community,and evaluate systematically,study the effect of TB control management,in order to provide reliable basis for developing the scientific and practical intervention programs specifically for the floating population,and also to further explore and update the governance strategy of the floating population of TB.Hethods The databases of CHKD,WANFANG MED ONLING and CNKI Etc,were searched and analyzed by computer,and related medical journals and monographs were studied by manual searching,getting the issued literature on the treatment,management,nursing intervention of floating population tuberculosis from 1998 to 2010.At the same time we used non-probability purposive sampling method and had on-site interviews after obtaining the interviewee informed of consent.Besults We retrieyed 137 documents that have been published meeting the inclusion criteria,by viewing the full text,9 docunents had been evaluated for the 1 evidence and 15 documents had been evaluated for the 2～3 finally.From the literature with the evaluation and interviews.it showed that:to use a variety ofeffective management measures include health promotion,providing incentives,cross-regional referral tracking,DOTS nanagemerit of patient,had achieved certain effects.But the floating population understood limitedly TB-related knowledge and free treatment policy and had mixed views,that the awareness of TB control is poor,residential instability,lack of effective contact,resulted in difficuhing in supervision and tracking of the floating population.The TB management to floating population patients should be strengthened.Condusion It is necessary to expand the free flow of patient treatment and the corresponding cost of subsidies,to carry out comprehensive and multi-fornKq of community knowledge on TB and the publicity on national TB control policy,to make efforts to improve community supervision OfTB,and carry out individual recycling interactive health education for improving the compliance of TB patient.

目的:探讨激励模式用于护理管理中的效果。方法:在2009年7月～2010年6月采用激励模式用于科室护理管理中,每季度进行一次综合评价,评价包括患者满意度、技术操作水平、差错发生次数、服务态度,以及护士对自身工作综合满意度评分。并与2008年7月～2009年6月这些评价结果进行统计学处理,对比分析有无明显差异。结果:应用激励模式在护理管理后,患者的满意度增加,技术操作优秀率提高,差错发生次数减少,综合管理质量分数提高,与实施激励模式前相比,有明显差异,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。对比实施激励模式后护士的自我满意度评分,实施后有明显降低,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论:在临床护理管理中,采用激励模式,能很好地提高护士的自身能力、科室的管理水平,护士对自身工作综合满意度有明显的提高。

Objective Evidence-based approach to migrant communities in the care of TB patients to provide a scientific intervention,so that the effect of governance to achieve the level of the resident population.Methods Community governance of the floating population of TB is identified nursing problems,Chinese Journal Full-text databases in the retrieval,as the "floating population /non-native population,tuberculosis,mental,health,education" as key words,searching the literature piece of 137.The test evaluation,extraction,analysis of differences in intervention and results.In obtaining informed consent,it interviewed after the survey on-site interviews.Results Effective of management measures,including health promotion,provide incentives,cross-regional referral tracking,patient management,the implementation of DOTS,have achieved positive results.However,mobile population,low educational level,the concept of poor health,low income,no fixed abode and can not adhere to treatment.Evidence-based nursing process,with attention to individual differences in the implementation of evidence-based patient care,and achieved good results,the cure rate of 89.77 percent,household population of the canal to reach efficiency levels.Conclusion The introduction of evidence-based evidence for the floating population to provide guidance to the care of TB patients,it can improve the way for the patients respond to medication compliance,it is enhancing the clinical efficacy.

Objective To improve safe pathway of nursing care so as to reduce the risk factors of nursing care to prevent the incidence of inpatients to fall down. Methods Since January 2010,the safe pathway of nursing care,which consisted of fall risk assessment,predictive nursing care of preventing inpatients to fall down,application of the informed consent in hospitalization safety and establishment of the reporting system in non-punitive errors in accident,were fully implemented in the inpatients. Results The fall risk factors assessment for the patients could timely find potential risk factors so as to implement timely predictive nursing care and to give prevention and treatment as necessary,which could effectively prevent the occurrence of patients' fall. Conclusions They are basal to prevent the incidence of inpatients to fall down and to improve the safe pathway of nursing care and it is key to increase awareness of nursing staff for risk precaution and assessment of risk factors,and it is assuring to facilitate understanding and cooperation of patients and their families.

目的探讨将换位思考运用于临床护理带教。方法带教老师,考虑患者与护生的不同需求。结果增加护生临床操作机会。结论带教老师在临床护理带教中运用换位思考,保障了双方的利益。

目的提高临床护理工作质量,提高护士专科护理水平及素质。方法早会后护士长带领当班护士全面巡视病人,检查夜班护士的工作,了解每一位病人的需求,及时为病人解决实际问题,加强对病人的健康教育。查房后组织护士进行晨间交班质量互评,护长对护理工作质量进行点评。结果促进了临床护理管理护理工作,收到了良好效果。结论晨间护理查房可提高临床护理工作质量,并有效促进护士的专科护理水平及素质的提高。

治疗结核病,关键在于科学有效管理,实施早期、联合、规律、全程的药物治疗及正确的预防隔离,因此,全面有效的健康教育工作是非常必要的,它有助于帮助患者确立健康信念,建立健康行为,减少结核病复发,促进全面康复.我们比较两组住院患者分别采用两种健康教育计划单的效果,现报道如下.

多元文化护理是指对世界上不同文化的民族,重点研究其不同传统照料方式,对健康与疾病的认识、人民的信念和价值观念,并运用这些知识为不同民族的人民进行共性各异的护理.

目的为提高住院患者对临床护理工作的满意度。方法对130例住院病人进行护理工作综合满意度分析。结果病人满意度从高至低依次服务态度、专业水平、工作态度和健康教育。结论加强护理人员的培训力度,提高人文社会科学知识修养,最终满足病人身心健康的需要。

自发性气胸是内科的急症,良好的护理措施,对病人的预后极为重要.在治疗上我们多采用胸腔穿刺抽气或胸腔闭式引流术.胸腔闭式引流常见的并发症之一是皮下气肿.本病区2004年7月10日一慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)并感染的患者,发生左侧自发性气胸.经胸腔闭式引流7 d后出现大面积皮下气肿,达体表面积50%,经及时治疗,精心护理10d,左肺复张,未出现危及生命的情况.

目的为提高肺结核合并糖尿病患者生活质量.方法对2000年9月至2001年9月在广州市胸科医院治疗的肺结核合并糖尿病的患者实施健康教育.结果患者大部分能掌握健康行为方式.结论健康教育可提高肺结核合并糖尿病患者的生活质量.