A plethora of psychological research suggests that gratitude interventions can improve individual well-being and prosocial behavior. However, most of the existing studies focus on gratitude interventions of individuals within controlled lab-based experiments. Our work aims to explore how people practice public gratitude in their everyday lives. This paper presents the design of our public gratitude platform that allows users to freely post gratitude as a tree leaf. Based on usage data spanning 3 years since its launch, our exploratory data analysis provides empirical insights into how people engage in gratitude practices ‘in the wild’. Six types of gratitude, together with their characteristics are identified: personal, work-related groups, study-related groups, gratitude to public service, local community, and event-triggered gratitude. This paper highlights the organic growth of our gratitude platform and its innovative use. Furthermore, the limitations of our work are discussed, shedding light on potential opportunities for future research.

Walking is one of the greenest and most common travel modes. However, evidence shows a trend of decreased walking, and safety is a key barrier preventing many people from walking. Additionally, there is a limited understanding of pedestrians’ safe mobility practices and safety perception. Drawing on 449 survey responses from a representative sample in the United Kingdom, our work highlights how identities and walking situations intersect with individuals’ safety perceptions and diverse practices of pedestrians’ safe mobility. The role of technology used for negotiating safety and current challenges in both safe route planning and walking are also highlighted. Our work extends existing insights into pedestrians’ perception of safety and practices by adding empirical evidence and more nuanced contexts. This paper proposes two implications for design in response to design opportunities that surfaced from our mixed-method data analysis. Both the contributions and limitations of our work are also discussed.

制度扩散是地方政府实施创新的重要方式,制度扩散不仅包括地方政府间的横向扩散,而且还包括央地间的纵向扩散.然而,关于河长制的既有研究仅关注其短期的、横向式制度扩散过程,而没有将河长制视作一个整体来进行长时间段、系统性的研究.从制度化的理论视角出发,我们构建了一种新的制度扩散的分析框架,并基于理论构建型过程追踪方法对河长制进行分析,以理解我国中央-地方政府间存在的横-纵向扩散过程.这一研究发现:河长制扩散背后存在着一套完整的、由四个部件共同促成的河长制创新扩散机制.这一研究不仅在理论层面上归纳出几组交互融合的经典关系命题,而且从实践层面揭示了我国政府治理框架具有韧性的原因,有助于加深我们对河长制内在发生机理的理解.然而,由于该研究侧重于从宏观层面展开分析,未来关于河长制的研究仍需要更多的微观与比较研究加以补充.

The growing uptake of technology in policing provides the opportunity to revisit police-citizen interactions. This paper explores police-citizen interactions from a socio-technical systems perspective, drawing on community policing in the HCI literature, as well as the experience of both citizens and the police. For the latter, we report on a qualitative study with 29 participants including citizens, parish councilors, and police officers in England. Our findings use a socio-technical systems lens to highlight both social and technological challenges in police-citizen interactions, leading to several implications for practice and HCI design. These challenges include those arising from divergent viewpoints, power, and information imbalances between stakeholders, and technical systems that duplicate functionality or limit police-citizen interactions. Thus, our work contributes to extending HCI insights into the socio-technical infrastructure of policing contexts, and a better foundation for future research in the design and use of technologies to enhance community policing.

辽代捺钵营地是皇帝及其随行人员居住、处理政事、祭祀以及外交等的活动场所.在这个场所中,不仅充分地体现了辽朝对中原政治模式的继承,也凸显了辽朝特殊的条件特色.通过对捺钵营地史料进行梳理,在基本明确其建置的同时,可进一步讨论辽朝是如何同周边政权进行交流往来的.从中可以看到农牧二元政治文化在边疆治理、王朝统治和维持国家正常运转等方面的重要功能,反映了作为高度杂糅中原政治和北方游牧传统的辽朝政治文化特征.

The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed unexpected hardship on the health, environment, economic, and social-political governance of the entire human population. Local communities have adopted new ways of communicating and connecting to support each other. This paper reports people's attitudes towards online community support initiatives (OCSIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic based on a survey conducted in the UK. Our analysis of responses from 699 participants suggests the increased use of social media sites and OCSI engagement since the pandemic, and that people had positive attitudes towards the OCSIs, but improvements were still required. We suggest four design implications to alleviate the challenges of using OCSIs.

患者男,54岁,具有骨髓纤维化病史.6年前体检经胸部CT发现右侧后纵隔肿物,因病灶较小,未做处理,患者仅定期复查.后于本院发现肿物较前增大入院.患者自觉肺活量减低,胸闷,无其他不适.体检无异常.实验室检查:血常规白细胞(WBC)11.52×109/L,血红蛋白(HGB) 119g/L,血小板(PLT) 307×109/L,中性粒细胞百分比78％.外周血涂片未见原始细胞,中性粒细胞杆状核8％,分叶核38％;嗜酸性粒细胞分叶核1％,嗜碱性粒细胞分叶核9％,淋巴细胞41％.

生态现象学以现象学为理论基底,在人与自然的关系上借助"描述""悬置"等现象学方法,以消解主客二元对立以及弥合事实与价值之间的鸿沟为己任.其立足于人类主体"此在"的生命体验,以一种全新的价值理念亦即生态价值观引导囿于工具理性的人性向"生态人性"复归,以期达致海德格尔所憧憬的"诗意栖居"的生活世界.可以说,生态现象学所内蕴的价值观念为我们重新看待、处理在世人类与大自然之间的有机关联提供了新的致思理路,从而使价值观的生态缺失问题得以解构成为可能.

"地下工程设计"课程具有综合性及实践性强的特点.地下工程类型众多,发展迅速,如何使学生能够掌握多种地下工程设计理论及方法并融会贯通,是"地下工程设计"课程教学亟需思考和解决的问题.在课程教学过程中,通过引入案例,分组讨论,互动交流,配合课程设计实践,可使学生具有多种地下工程的设计能力,提高学习效率.

目的:探讨预置ProGlide血管缝合器快速建立体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)辅助循环支持技术在高危经皮冠状动脉介入术(HR-PCI)中应用的有效性及安全性.方法:回顾性分析吉林大学第二医院2018年8月至2019年5月收治的伴有心源性休克、左主干病变等HR-PCI患者的临床资料,对患者采取局部麻醉下经皮穿刺置管,应用ProGlide血管缝合器预缝合建立ECMO循环支持,观察手术的成功率、冠状动脉血管再通率、手术时间、术后并发症发生率以及术后早期转归情况.结果:ECMO辅助下行HR-PCI的患者共21例,平均年龄(66.8±12.1)岁,合并左主干病变15例,紧急心肺复苏5例.手术成功率100％,完全冠状动脉血运再通率90％,ECMO经皮穿刺置管成功率为100％,平均置管时间为(6.3±3.7)min,预置ProGlide血管缝合成功率为100％,无创口感染,术后1例出现下肢缺血,1例远端供血穿刺点假性动脉瘤形成,最终患者全部顺利撤离ECMO,临床痊愈出院.结论:ProGlide预缝合是一种操作简单、快速、安全的建立ECMO循环支持的技术.

针对目前隧道与地下工程专业实习过程中存在的不足,提出以提高学生综合实践能力和与实际工程建设接轨的新型教学模式.实践结果表明,新型教学模式有助于培养学生在实习过程中的实际操作能力;同时结合隧道工程现场可能遇到的实际问题,调整和新增实习项目,使实习内容更贴近工程实际,使学生在实习过程中能够发现问题并提出解决方法.通过教学模式的改革,使隧道与地下工程课程体系达到知行合一的目的.

史料是史学研究最为基础的一个环节.有关辽代捺钵的史料主要有文献史料、图像史料以及金石碑刻与考古发掘资料.对有关辽代捺钵的史料进行梳理、甄别、考证,是辽代捺钵研究的基础.

患者女,32岁,因腰部疼痛伴双下肢感觉异常并加重1个月来院就诊.患者2年前无明显诱因出现腰疼,期间曾敷贴膏药等治疗,无明显改善.小便正常,大便稍困难,无胸闷气促.饮食、睡眠尚可,体重未见明显变化. 腰椎CT平扫(图1、2):L4～5水平椎管内可见类圆形稍高密度影,边界尚清,直径约为2.4 cm,CT值约为44 HU.

“深基坑开挖与支护”是岩土工程、地下工程专业本科生的一门重要的专业必修课,具有很强的实践性,因此如何把理论与实践教学相结合,使学生具备应用知识的能力成为值得深思的问题.为适应高等教育改革的新形势和满足地方经济社会发展对应用型人才的现实需求,结合“深基坑开挖与支护”课程的特点和当前教学中普遍存在的典型问题,并基于应用型人才的培养对该课程的教学方法改革进行了探讨.

Community policing faces a combination of new challenges and opportunities due to both citizens and police adopting new digital technologies. However, there is limited scholarly work providing evidence for how technologies assist citizens' interactions with the police. This paper reports preliminary findings from interviews with 13 participants, both citizens and police officers, in England. We recognize four key types of actors in the current practice of community policing, alongside existing technologies and challenges faced by citizens and the police. We conclude with three design implications for improving citizen-police engagement.

The increasingly-adopted mobile devices create new opportunities for the police to engage with citizens at anywhere and anytime. However, there has been limited academic work evaluating these technologies. This paper reports an auto-ethnographic evaluation study of Android community policing (CP) applications (Apps) used in Asia. Without guidance, our study indicates that finding appropriate Asian CP Apps is challenging. This paper reports the descriptive App store characteristics, functionalities, communication channels, and privacy of CP Apps. We conclude with design implications and call for developing the standardized App store description system and a CP App evaluation model.

社区志愿服务事业作为基层社区治理的基础构成内容,在基层社区治理过程中的地位和重要性开始逐步显现,并且正日益成为现代社区治理体系的重要环节之一.当前,我国社区志愿服务存在制度不完善、体系不健全等问题.对此,应建立和完善相关的法律制度机制,对社区志愿者实行专业化分类,并对志愿服务实行项目化运作,以提升社区志愿者参与社区治理和服务质量.

Given concerns about mental health during periods of Covid-19 lockdown, it important to understand how engagement with online Covid-19 related material can affect mood. In the UK and Ireland, online community support initiatives (OCSIs) have emerged to help people manage their lives. Yet, little is known about how people engaged with these or whether they influenced subsequent mood. We conducted surveys to explore how people in the UK and Ireland engaged with OCSIs, and found that 70% did so to offer support (e.g. to provide company). Those who did so reported feeling significantly calmer afterwards, those who engaged for general concerns (e.g. in response to anti-social behaviour) reported feeling significantly more anxious afterwards, but there was no difference in reported mood for those who engaged for other reasons (e.g. to share experiences or views). Thus, engaging with an OCSI for altruistic purposes might help to make people feel calmer.

党的十九届四中全会提出进一步健全生态文明制度体系,为推进生态环境治理、建设美丽中国、实现中华民族永续发展提供了坚实的制度保障.贯彻落实十九届四中全会精神,推进生态环境治理效能,需要我们在面对各种矛盾困难考验中保持坚定的战略定力.

目的 评价不同剂量的液体复苏对脓毒性休克大鼠炎症因子水平的影响及安全性.方法 采用改良盲肠结扎穿孔法制备脓毒性休克大鼠模型,随机分为30 ml/kg,45 ml/kg,60 ml/kg液体复苏组,达到休克后分别给予30 ml/kg,45 ml/kg,60 ml/kg液体冲击疗法.记录液体复苏开始、液体复苏3小时、液体复苏6小时血清TNF-α,IL-6和IL-10水平.液体复苏6小时后处死大鼠,观察大鼠肺、肝、肾、心脏的病理改变.结果 经过液体复苏3小时、6小时后,脓毒性休克大鼠的促炎因子TNF-α、IL-6水平较液体复苏开始时下降,抗炎因子IL-10水平升高,P<0.05.比较30 ml/kg,45 ml/kg,60 ml/kg液体复苏三组之间大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6及IL-10水平,组间差异无显著性,P>0.05.病理改变提示液体复苏后6小时,三组大鼠的肺、肝、肾、心脏病理改变基本无明显差异,但在60 ml/kg液体复苏组发现肝周细胞肿胀较其他两组明显.结论 脓毒性休克液体复苏后能明显降低体内促炎因子水平,提高抗炎因子水平,但采用不同剂量液体复苏对炎症因子水平影响不大.60 ml/kg液体复苏可造成肝细胞肿胀,采用30 ml-45 ml/kg液体复苏更为安全.