The Chinese government has long prioritized the development of a digital society, and Guangdong, China's most economically advanced province, has made significant strides in applying information technology to local governance. This study examines the impact of digital governance efficiency on social capital across 21 cities in Guangdong from 2001 to 2020. Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with super-efficiency SBM models, this research quantifies digital governance efficiency by considering both expected and unexpected outputs. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between digital governance and social capital, measured by political trust, civic engagement, and collaborative governance. Improved digital governance not only enhances government operations but also strengthens public trust and community participation. However, regional disparities persist, highlighting the need for targeted policies to bridge the digital divide and promote equitable access to technology. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how efficient digital governance fosters social capital, with implications extending beyond economic growth. It underscores the importance of comprehensive planning and sustainable practices for the long-term success of digital initiatives. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers seeking to leverage technology to enhance governance and civic engagement.

纪检监察干部是党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的中坚力量,但为何会有纪检监察干部从反腐者蜕化为腐败者?厘清此问题对于加强纪检监察干部队伍建设具有重要的意义和价值.本文以20 名落马纪检监察干部的忏悔内容和10 名在任纪检监察干部的访谈资料为研究对象,通过扎根理论的质性研究方法,构建出纪检监察干部腐败行为生成机理的"权力—制度—监督—心理"四维理论模型.研究发现:(1)监督执纪权所具有的权力特性既是纪检监察干部受到外界腐蚀的重要原因,同时也是纪检监察干部实施腐败行为的前置条件;(2)制度虚置和监督乏力是纪检监察干部实施腐败行为的关键,并对腐败心理具有逆向强化作用;(3)心理变化是纪检监察干部由廉洁奉公向营私舞弊转变的"总开关",若腐败心理得不到制度机制和监督体系的有效遏制,纪检监察干部的腐败行为便难以根治.研究结果揭示了纪检监察干部腐败行为的生成机理,并丰富了腐败行为研究的理论认识,为防治纪检监察干部腐败提供了经验证据.

With the rapid development of industrial economy, local governments in China have invested a large amount of financial funds in environmental protection. In the era of widespread use of clean energy, local governments have a greater responsibility to coordinate fiscal policies with industrial development policies to improve regional environment. Local governments with large fiscal surpluses would make more efforts to improve environmental efficiency, rather than attract heavily polluting industrial enterprises to develop their local economies, and more likely to promote the use of clean energy equipment and raise environmental awareness in government. This paper focuses on testing the impact of abundant fiscal revenue of local governments on the efficiency of regional environmental governance with the data in all prefecture-level cities of China's Guangdong province from 2001 to 2020. We estimate local environmental governance efficiency score with super-efficiency SBM method, taking unexpected output into account. Then we find that fiscal affluence has significant positive effect on the efficiency of environmental governance and the environmental awareness of the government also has obvious help in improving local environmental efficiency. We hope that these findings will provide practical help for local governments to improve their fiscal policy agendas and the quality of environmental governance.

问责评估是对问责工作的一次"体检",也是提高问责工作精准性的重要抓手.围绕问责工作开展的"投入-过程-结果"维度,将过程性评估和要素性评估相结合,从问责信息、问责制度、问责主体、问责对象、问责程序、问责内容、问责结果等层面,构建一套以精准性为导向的问责评估指标体系.采用层次分析法测算各项指标的权重并进行赋值,增强问责评估指标体系的科学性和可操作性.

BackgroundForest therapy has gained popularity in Japan and even other nations/regions due to its health benefits. In addition, forest therapy has contributed to the development of circular economy and industrial upgrading. Japanese successful practice can serve as a model for other countries in the Asia-Pacific region. To this end, the aim of this study was to determine whether forest therapy can improve the whole well-being of the participants and has a positive effect on the development of circular economy in the region.MethodsBoth empirical and inductive research methods were used; empirical approach was conducted to perform comparative analysis of regional data that was retrieved from the research project of Japanese Forestry Agency in 2015. Specifically, the efficacy of forest therapy on physical (blood glucose, blood pressure, body weight) and mental (sleep quality e.g.,) health outcomes among 815 participants was investigated. Regional data are from the statistics of Iiyama City from 1990 to 2005. After the concept of forest therapy became popular in the late 1990s, this element had a great positive impact on the economic benefits of Ishiyama City and other major forest scenic areas. We summarize and analyze a series of policies made by relevant departments of the Japanese government in the years from 2019 to 2021 to promote forest therapy and related circular industry development.ResultsSignificant (pre-to-post participation) changes in physical measure was observed. Firstly, mean weight of those overweight participants decreased across three different time points (pre-test/enrollment = 79.7 kg, 3-month participation = 77.2, and 6-month participation = 76.8 kg), while overall mean weight of the participants decreased to 61, 60.5, and 60.4 kg, respectively. Secondly, Participant with normal weight showed a decrease on mean HbA1C (from 6.09 to 6.06) at Week 24, while overweight participants demonstrated a slight change 6.03–6.01 after 6 months the average HOMA-IR for overweight participants decreased from 3.5 to 2.5 at Week 24, while participants with normal weight demonstrated a decrease from 2.2 to 1.7 at Week 24. Forest Therapy has emerged in Japan since Mid-1990s and has attracted a large number of tourists all over the world due to its unique health benefits.ConclusionForest therapy in Japan has positive effects on whole well-being of Japanese residents and it has helped public mental health promotion and economic growth. Under the guidance and support of government policies, it can promote the development of circular economy and industrial transformation and set a model of Japanese forest therapy development for other countries in the Asia-Pacific region.

公共危机事件问责是责任政治的重要组成部分.以中国新冠肺炎疫情防控问责事件为例,运用回归分析与定性比较分析相结合的方法,探讨导致公共危机事件问责的影响因素和关键变量.研究发现,责任类型是影响问责强度的核心变量,责任类型、问责职级和政策环境三个变量的组合是影响危机事件问责结果的关键所在.在此基础上,从责任政治理论的观念、结构、行为三个维度,阐释了公共危机事件问责的发生逻辑.对中国应对公共危机事件背后的问责机制进行分析,有助于深化对问责实践的理论认识.

随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,中国的干部选拔标准和地方官员的行为逻辑也发生了深刻的变化.基于注意力分配的视角,从"创造政绩的约束条件"以及"创造政绩的理性选择"两个维度出发,可以进一步认识到中国地方官员间的晋升竞赛的本质是地方官员在有限注意力前提下针对不同行政任务的注意力分配基础上的多元政绩竞争.对中国地方官员多任务竞逐的经验加以考察并进行类型学建构,可以发现地方官员面临着运动性任务、竞逐性任务、日常性任务以及约束性任务的多 目标考核.在此基础上,中国地方官员的政绩竞争呈现出"直通赛""锦标赛""资格赛""淘汰赛"并存的多元政绩竞赛格局.对"多元政绩竞赛"分析框架的"小切口"建构,有助于为进一步认识"地方官员行为与国家治理逻辑"的"大问题"提供新的进路及可能.

As a proxy measure of socioeconomic status, food insecurity is understudied in mental health-related research. This study aimed to explore the association between food insecurity and loneliness in adolescents. Using cross-sectional data from the Global Student Health Survey (GSHS), 164,993 adolescent participants were included in this study. Food insecurity, loneliness, and other covariates were assessed by self-reported questionnaire. Multivariable logistics regression considering complex survey was used to explore the association between food insecurity and loneliness. The prevalence of loneliness was 10.8% in adolescents. With higher levels of food insecurity, the prevalence of loneliness in general increased, but "most of the time" was the most frequently reported item in terms of food insecurity. Adolescents who reported severe food insecurity had significantly greater odds for loneliness: (1) being most of the time [odd ratio (OR) = 2.54, 95% CI = 2.13-3.02]; (2) always hungry (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.55-2.51). Of all the 53 countries, adolescents from 39 countries reported significantly higher prevalence of loneliness when exposed to food insecurity. The pooled OR was 1.74 (1.60-1.89) with a negligible heterogeneity (higher I-squared was 34.2%). Adolescents with food insecurity were more likely to be exposed to be lonely. Eliminating socioeconomic disparities in adolescents might be a good approach to promote mental health in adolescents. Future studies are encouraged to utilize longitudinal studies to confirm or negate our study findings.

作为党和国家监督体系的重要内容,问责工作在取得丰富成果的同时也暴露出新问题.这些问题可以用"问责乱象"来概括,突出表现为问责形式化、问责简单化、问责随意化和问责选择化.从学理层面分析,问责权责不相匹配、问责主体缺乏约束、问责对象难以界定、问责边界把握不准、问责过程不够规范是造成问责乱象的原因所在.防范和化解问责乱象需要坚持精准思维,实施精准问责.精准治理和技术治理从目的和手段层面丰富了精准问责的理论基础.基于精准治理和技术治理的理念,实现精准问责需要技术和制度两个层面的协同配合,技术层面的路径立足于运用技术手段,通过将问责核心要素留痕化以驱动问责的精准化实现;制度层面的路径立足于技术层面反映的问题,通过完善问责制度机制设计以增强问责的精准化保障.深入剖析问责乱象的生成机理并提出治理策略,对于激励广大干部新时代新担当新作为具有重要意义.

行政决策本质上是一个政治过程,重大决策责任追究是行政决策的延续.从行政过程论的角度提出行政决策要素的三维分析框架,即行政决策的形式合法性、民主正当性和程序合理性.从实现路径看,这三大要素分别对应于依法决策、民主决策和科学决策.其中,依法决策指向行政决策的形式合法,民主决策指向行政决策的民意基础,科学决策指向行政决策的技术理性.通过剖析2018年浙江高考英语科目加权赋分事件,对重大决策责任追究事件过程进行深入描述,重大决策责任追究具有形式合法性、民主正当性和程序合理性三重逻辑.建立和完善重大决策责任追究制度,需要充分考虑重大决策是否符合三重逻辑的要求,并以此作为重大决策责任追究的重要依据.

有效的公共部门人事管理是彰显公共管理职能以及提升公共管理效率的重要保障.在基层相关人事管理实践中,存在着介于正式管理机制与非正式管理机制之间的"准正式机制".对S市F派出所的田野调查表明,准正式机制是地方为了平衡行政任务的复杂性与财政资源的有限性,并进一步优化公务人员激励机制的实用举措.准正式机制的分析框架有助于我们更深刻地理解中国国家治理中"一统体制与地方分治"格局的复杂性,从而重新审视并评价相关人事体制改革在多元化与因地制宜方面的努力.

The main purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of social capital level on environmental governance efficiency in economically developed areas. We choose China’s richest province Guangdong. Compared with other Chinese provinces, Guangdong’s local governments are in better fiscal status, and they can allocate environmental spending in line with the trend of gross domestic product per capita. We want to observe the important factors related to social cognition other than capital investment to gain a more profound influence on the efficiency of local environmental governance. This article assumes that the degree of local social capital will have a great positive impact on the efficiency of regional environmental governance. Super-efficiency slacks-based measure method of data envelopment analysis is adopted to calculate the environmental governance efficiency by considering the expected output and the nonexpected output. Then, short-panel regression was used to analyze the relationship between social capital and environmental governance efficiency. Through an empirical analysis of urban panel data of Guangdong province from 2001 to 2019, it is found that the degree of social capital does have a significant positive impact on the efficiency of local environmental governance. After the research conclusion, we propose some policy suggestions to local governments.

容错机制是激励干部担当作为的重要制度保障,探究容错机制何以启动具有现实指导意义.本文基于"主体—内容—程序"的三维分析框架,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法对30个容错案例进行分析,以探究容错机制启动的影响因素及其因果机制.研究发现,错误严重程度是影响容错结果的必要条件,容错实施程序是充分条件.推动容错机制启动的条件组合有五种,其中两条为典型路径.研究结果显示,容错机制启动需要以错误严重程度为基础,要遵照规范的容错实施程序,并得益于上级部门的干预.但并非仅看一把手是否能担当,不是以错误类型为主要考量,与是否有纠错程序没有关联.本文不仅为分析容错现象提出了新的解释框架,同时也为剖析容错行动逻辑提供了新的因果机制.

容错纠错机制是宽容干部失误错误、鼓励干部改革创新的重要保障.以2016-2018年各级地方政府出台的78份容错纠错政策文本为研究对象,运用政策文献计量分析法从时间和层级两个维度对容错纠错政策文本进行统计分析,可以发现,容错纠错机制的演进表现出明显的地方先行特征,虽然注重容错纠错的程序设计并体现容错纠错的权益保障,但是忽略了容错纠错的错误识别.容错纠错机制的完善,应该以错误识别环节为突破口,同时明确容错与纠错的区分标准,以增强容错纠错制度的现实可操作性.在此基础上,容错纠错的制度建设和实践发展,还需要考虑其背后可能支撑的原理或价值,从法律秩序与法治价值的层面予以审视.

学者们都强调定性研究需要更加严谨,这无意中支持了公式化和标准化方法的运用,不利于从丰富的数据中创建理论.为了深化上述讨论,本研究强调严谨性与丰富性相结合,有利于有效理论化的公共行政定性研究的重要性.基于对发表在六种公共行政权威期刊上的31篇定性研究的文献回顾,本研究证明有效的理论化与研究设计、分析方法和理论贡献的清晰度有关.通过对四类研究的深入剖析发现,“归纳理论化”和“溯因理论化”这两个过程证实了在数据的严谨性和丰富性的平衡之间存在着多元化.我们由此推导出一套原则,使研究人员能够在数据、分析和理论贡献之间实现令人信服的“概念性飞跃”.我们还强调,有必要通过比较定性研究报告与多样性检验基本要素之间的细微差别,以整合有关理论创建的多元化方法.

深圳经济特区40年的发展历史,是对社会主义现代化的中国道路本质的诠释.经济特区的成功经验回答了改革开放的目的 .深圳40年改革开放的实践,是依靠自主主导的体制机制改革达成的"完全自主知识产权"式改革创新,大致经历了中央控制下的局部创新、中央引导下的机制创新和中央鼓励下的制度创新三个阶段,背后反映出深刻的中央授权下的制度变迁逻辑.深圳的改革开放历程也从市场经济、体制改革、政府治理、法治建设、公共服务等方面对国家治理体系和能力现代化进行了理论探索.

党内法规制度建设从数量规模型立规转向质量效益型立规,开始聚焦于党内法规的制定质量和执行力方面,使得党内法规评估成为完善党内法规制度建设的重点.在现有党内法规实施后评估指标体系中,文本质量评估占主导地位,而实施效果评估则相对弱化,以至于难以从根本上破解当前党内法规执行力不足的问题.为此,需要基于"投入—过程—产出—结果"的逻辑框架,从人力投入、经费投入、实施机制、可操作性、协调性、适时性、实效性、党内治理、党群关系等方面,构建一套以实施效果为主导的党内法规实施后评估指标体系.通过提高党内法规制度的执行力和管党治党的实效性,有助于把党内法规制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能.

建立激励机制、容错纠错机制和问责机制是干部管理的重要内容.改革创新的持续推进离不开干部激励、容错纠错与问责的保障,从行政过程论的视角考察,激励、容错纠错与问责贯穿于改革创新过程的始终,三者紧密联系、互为补充.在改革创新过程中,有效的激励机制指向干部"不想为"问题,是推动改革创新的事前预防保障;合理的容错纠错机制指向干部"不敢为"问题,是推动改革创新的事中控制保障;科学的问责机制指向干部"不会为"问题,是推动改革创新的事后监督保障.只有坚持激励、容错纠错与问责机制三者有机统一,才能完善干部管理机制,促进广大干部在新时代有新担当、新作为.

建立健全容错纠错机制的核心在于如何确定容错纠错的边界.实践中主要以"三个区分开来"为指导原则,研究中主要从具体类型和尺度标准两个层面展开探讨.深入容错纠错机制背后的权责关系逻辑发现,容错与纠错既有区别又有联系,容错指向积极责任和客观责任,纠错指向积极责任和主观责任.责任本位的理论视角为厘清容错与纠错边界提供了新的区分标准和分析框架.根据容错机制与纠错机制的比较分析可知:从内容上看,容错机制是手段、纠错机制是目的,容错机制是前提、纠错机制是结果;从过程上看,容错机制过程关注输入、处理、结果要素,纠错机制过程关注事前、事中、事后要素.

纪检监察改革创新是廉政研究领域的热点议题.以深圳纪检监察改革为研究对象,对建立恢复、巩固发展、深入探索和先行示范等四个阶段进行历史梳理,并从政策试点和央地互动两个维度探讨深圳纪检监察改革创新的演进逻辑及其示范效应.从政策试点维度看,深圳纪检监察改革经历从测试型到探索型再到示范型的创新发展过程;从央地互动维度看,深圳纪检监察改革经历从跟随型到选择型再到确认型的创新发展过程.在"双区驱动"战略背景下,未来深圳纪检监察改革创新要发挥"先行示范"作用,以彰显中国特色社会主义廉政建设的制度优势和腐败治理效能.