为了实现对豌豆荚的高效利用,文中以豌豆荚为碳源,以乙二胺为氮源,使用绿色水热法制备了氮掺杂的碳点(NCDs).通过X射线衍射法(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、紫外-可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)以及荧光分光光度法(FL)分别对制得的NCDs进行了结构表征和性能测试;将制备的NCDs成功用于重金属Hg2+的测定,结果表明NCDs的荧光强度与Hg2+浓度之间成良好的线性关系,其线性关系表达式为FL=-8.11 ×c +421.28,测定检出限为2.36 μmol/L.

From theoretical research of TCM constitution differetiation of senile common chronic diseases and its clincal study, the conditions of scholars using TCM constitution differentiation in preventing, treating senile common diseases, and health cultivation in recent years were summarized, to provide theoritical and practical basis for senile diseases' prevention and treatment by using TCM theory.

Objective:To control the quality of Limonitum by investigating the thermoanalysis curves.Methods:Analysis Limonitum samples from different origins by Thermogravimetric-Differential Scanning Calorimetry( TG-DSC),and the processed samples and fake samples were analyzed to compare the difference of them at the same time.Results:Thermal analysis curves showed that most of Limonitum samples had three weight loss steps in 30 ~ 1 000 ℃,and the process of dehydration weight loss of goethite was obviously in about309 ℃. There was a positive correlation between the weight loss rate of the second step and the content of iron.Conclusion:The Thermal analysis method can provide reference to the identification and quality control of Limonitum.

目的：了解江阴市老年居民及老年高血压病、糖尿病患者的健康及中医体质分布情况。方法：采用中医体质分类与判定标准，并结合舌脉以分析判定2013年江阴市121497名老年居民及老年高血压病、糖尿病患者（≥65岁）中医体质类型。结果：在全体调查对象中，偏颇体质占34.46%（41867例），平和体质占58.92%（71582例），缺失6.62%（8048例）；偏颇体质以湿热质、阴虚质、痰湿质、气虚质为主。其中高血压病患者以湿热质、阴虚质、痰湿质的偏颇体质较多，分别为8.71%、7.54%、7.05%；糖尿病患者以阴虚质、湿热质、气虚质的偏颇体质较多，分别为10.50%、7.49%、7.44%；高血压病合并糖尿病患者中偏颇体质以阴虚质、湿热质、痰湿质为主，分别为8.59%、7.75%、7.35%。结论：中医体质与常见慢性病存在相关性。湿热质容易出现在高血压老年患者中，阴虚质容易出现在糖尿病的老年患者中。而在老年人中气虚质、阳虚质也占相当比例。提示在临床上对慢性病进行防治的时候，若能结合患者的中医体质类型进行辨证论治及善后调理，可在常见慢性病的治疗上获得更好的效果。

目的 分析不同产地野生赤芍无机元素含量差异,并从无机元素角度评价不同产地野生赤芍药材的质量.方法 采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)对不同产地的野生赤芍药材无机元素含量进行测定,建立其无机元素指纹图谱,并采用聚类分析和主成分分析法对赤芍质量进行评价.结果 赤芍药材中钙(Ca)元素含量最高,含量8.701～28.211g/kg;其次为钾(K),含量2.381～6.054 g/kg,镁(Mg)、铝(Al)和磷(P)元素的含量也较高,P元素含量在不同的样品间差异较大;微量元素中铁(Fe)和锶(Sr)含量较高,其次为钡(Ba)、锌(Zn)和锰(Mn);大部分元素间存在显著相关性;聚类分析和主成分分析可以区分黑龙江和内蒙古两个产地的样品.结论 赤芍中主要含Ca、K、Mg、A1、P、Fe、Sr、Ba、Zn和Mn等元素;从无机元素角度分析,黑龙江产的赤芍药材质量较好.

目的 通过测定禹余粮中重金属及有害元素的含量来评价其不同产地矿产资源的药用价值.方法 对17个不同产地及批次禹余粮样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定其中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)和铜(Cu)的含量,用原子荧光分光光度法测定砷(As)和汞(Hg)的含量.结果 从重金属及有害元素的含量角度分析,江苏泗洪产禹余粮相对质优;广西产禹余粮样品中Cu、Pb、As含量均较高,分别达到254.4 mg/kg、58.6 mg/kg、21.2 mg/kg,其矿产资源不适宜于作为药用禹余粮的来源.结论 禹余粮药材中重金属及有害元素的含量,可作为其产地评价的重要指标之一.

In the present paper, the fingerprint of Limonitum (a mineral Chinese medicine) by FTIR was established, and the spectrograms among crude samples, processed one and the adulterant sample were compared. Eighteen batches of Limonitum samples from different production areas were analyzed and the angle cosine value of transmittance (%) of common peaks was calculated to get the similarity of the FTIR fingerprints. The result showed that the similarities and the coefficients of the samples were all more than 0.90. The processed samples revealed significant differences compared with the crude one. This study analyzed the composition characteristics of Limonitum in FTIR fingerprint, and it was simple and fast to distinguish the crude, processed and the counterfeit samples. The FTIR fingerprints provide a new method for evaluating the quality of Limonitum.

目的 分析禹余粮药材中铁元素的价态与含量,并考察炮制前后铁元素含量与价态的变化.方法 采用重铬酸钾滴定法测定二价铁的含量,并通过化学鉴别对测定结果进行验证;按药典方法测定全铁量.结果 禹余粮样品中的含铁量为9.27％ ～ 41.0％,二价铁含量均低于1.0％.结论 禹余粮药材炮制前后二价铁含量均较低,且二价铁含量与含铁量之间无显著相关性;炮制后含铁量有不同幅度的增加.

目的:综述镁类矿物药在临床应用方面的研究进展,为镁类矿物药临床应用的完善和治病机制的研究提供参考.方法:查阅镁类矿物药临床应用近30年的文献,同时对部分镁类矿物药在临床应用中的规律性、相似性进行了探讨和分析.结果:镁类矿物药常用于治疗呼吸道、消化道、泌尿系统、中枢系统精神性疾病以及外科疮疡、皮肤病、心脑血管等疾病.结论:镁类矿物药具有确切而广泛的临床疗效.

Mineral Chinese medicine has been used for mind-tranquilizing for a long time with significant effects.This paper studied the commonly used mind-tranquilizing mineral Chinese medicine in clinical for recent 30 years,and combined them with several typical mental disorders,to summarizes the progress on pharmacological effects and clinical application of mind-tranquilizing mineral Chinese medicine,so that to provide the reference for clinical treatment and promote further development and utilization of mineral Chinese medicine.

The research of mineral Chinese medicine started late,the research foundation is weak and the progress is relatively slow.The application of modern technology is an indispensable means of in-depth study of mineral Chinese medicine.In this paper,related research are summarized based on domestic and foreign literature in recent 30 years.Research methods include microscopy,thermal analysis,x-ray diffraction,spectroscopy,inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and so on.The main contents of the study include mineral identification,component analysis,safety evaluation,quality control etc..The development of modern technology has added a new approach to the study of mineral Chinese medicine.

The contents of adenosine, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, parishin and sulfur dioxide residue were compared in differently-processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma to provide the basis for a reasonable processing method of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. The analysis was performed on a Merck Purospher STAR column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) under gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The eluates were detected at 270 nm, and the column temperature was 35°C. The content of adenosin, gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde and parishin in processing of boiling or sulfur-fumigated were lower than that of in processing of steaming. Furthermore, the sulfur dioxide residue of sulphur-fumigated groups exceed 400 mg x kg(-1). This stable and reliable method will contribute to the quality control of different processed Gastrodiae Rhizoma.

对矿物药禹余粮的名称、产地、来源等方面进行整理,同时对禹余粮的成分、药理和质量控制等研究现状进行总结,以期对今后进一步的药理药效及质量控制研究奠定基础.

Chinese Mineral medicines mainly contain Aluminum were frequently used in clinical practice. Clinical applications of mineral medicine mainly contain Aluminum in last 30 years were reviewed in this paper, and the clinical linkages between different drugs were al-so explored.

Mineral Chinese medicine limonitum is commonly used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with the reported efficacy in treatment of chronic diarrhea, hematochezia, uterine bleeding and leucorrhea increase. The processing of TCM is a common practice and usually occurs before most are prescribed. It is usually processed by calcining and vinegar-quenching in traditional ways. However, the main purposes of these processing methods are still unclear. In this study, we determined the contents of 21 kind of inorganic elements in limonitum and their water decoctions under the above two processing methods by means of ICP-AES technique. The results show that the contents and types of elements in the powder and water decoctions of limonitum and its processed samples have significant differences (P < 0.05). We suggest that these differences may play a direct or indirect role in the pharmacological effect as well as adverse effect of limonitum.

Objective:To analyze the mineral composition of Limonitum,and establish the Fourier transform X-ray diffraction(XRD) fingerprint of Limonitum for a better quality control.Methods:The technology of powder XRD was used for analysis of Limonitum and the XRD Fourier fingerprints were determined.The Mid Jade 5 was used for phase analysis.The data were analyzed by fuzzy cluster and principal component similarity evaluation with the software SPSS 16.0 to compare the similarity of the samples.Results:The result of phase analysis showed that quartz and goethite were the main components and most samples of Limonitum contained kaolinite.XRD fingerprint containing thirteen common peaks for fifteen batches of Limonitum was set,the similarity coefficients for relative peak strength ranged from 0.9771 to 0.9995.There was difference in peak number and peak intensity in XRD Fourier fingerprints for a few samples.Conclusion:The XRD fingerprint could be used for the appraisal and the analysis of Limonitum.

To examine the volatile compositions from Oxytropis falcate Bunge,the volatiles were obtained using water distillation,supercritical CO2 and headspace extraction methods and their chemical compositions were analyzed by GC and GC/MS.58 compounds were identified and the amount of the identified compounds represented for 71.0%,85.6% and 84.5% of all the volatiles,respectively.The main components were paraffin hydrocarbons 30.1%(water distillation),flavonoid compounds 68.5%(supercritical CO2 extraction) and aldehyde compounds 53.8%(headspace extraction).In addition,micromolecular terpenoids,organic acids,esters,aldehydes and nitrogenous compounds were also identified.It suggested that retention times of the volatiles extracted using three methods were consecutive which could provide a comprehensive volatile composition of O.falcate Bunge and a scientific basis for further development and utilization of this medicinal plant.

目的 对从镰形棘豆中分离得到的13个黄酮类单体化合物进行体外抗肿瘤活性筛选.方法 采用MTT法观察黄酮类化合物对SMMC-7721、Hela、A549、MGC-803、MDA-MB-231、LOVO 6种人癌细胞株的影响.结果 黄酮类化合物具有不同程度的抑制人癌细胞株增殖的作用,并有明显的量效关系.结论 镰形棘豆中黄酮类化合物作为抗肿瘤药物具有较好的开发前景.

藏药镰形棘豆为豆科棘豆属植物镰形棘豆(Oxytropis falcata Bunge)的干燥全草,藏药名为"莪大夏",为<中国药典>1977年版和<藏药部颁标准>收载,该药物具有消炎镇痛、生肌愈疮、止血等功效,是藏医"三消炎药"之一.由于其突出的疗效,近年来国内学者已对它进行了化学和药理等方面的研究.杨欢等[1-4]从该药中分离出了查耳酮、二氢黄酮和异黄酮等多种黄酮类化合物.

OBJECTIVE To establish the reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of the content of pinostrobin in the Tibetan drug falcate crazyweed,so as to provide evidence for the quality control of falcate crazyweed.METHOD Agilent Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C8 liquid chromatographic column(5 μm,4.6 mm×150 mm) was used,with mobile phase at 0.1% water solution of formic acid(A) acetonitrile(B),gradient elution at 0～50 min.Formic acid was reduced from 75% to 50%,50～60 min;it was reduced from 50% to 40%,60～65 min;it was raised from 40% to 75%,65～70 min;and it was maintained at 75%.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength was 280 nm,the column temperature was 20℃,and sample size was 5 μL.RESULT Pinostrobin in the sample can reach the baseline separation with the interference groups.With this determination method the linear range of pinostrobin was 0.101～0.707 μg,repetitive experimentRSD= 1.27%(n=5),average recovery rate was 98.2%(n=5),RSD=1.89%,and the content of pinostrobin in the sample was 16%.CONCLUSION This method has the advantage of easy preparation of solution,with good repeatability.