目的 探讨3q27基因片段4个SNPs位点多态性与腹型肥胖的关系,为其防治提供理论依据.方法 对河南省某县528人进行人体测量学及代谢相关指标检测,采用连接酶检测反应技术(rs11721044)和Snapshot技术(rs11926347、rs9843456和m1916636)进行SNPs检测.结果 各SNP位点满足哈温平衡,与Hapmap计划中东亚人群(中国、日本、居住于美国的中国人)比较无统计学差异.rs11721044仅检出TT (522例)和CT基因型(6例).TT组腰围、腰臀比、腰身比大于CT组,高密度脂蛋白低于CT组,P值均小于0.05.单倍型分析未发现连锁不平衡.rs9843456及rs1916636各基因型间代谢指标和人体测量学指标不存在差异.rs11926347位点仅检出GG基因型.结论 所选4个位点基因型和等位基因的分布在一定程度上能够代表我国汉族人群;rs11721044基因多态性与我国汉族成年男性腹型肥胖和高密度脂蛋白水平相关.

Teaching reform for medical statistics in postgraduate students was undertaken in order to comply with the longitudinal thought of medical research and to cultivate student's abilities of solving actual problems. The contents of theory courses and practicum courses were re-enacted and some advanced statistical methods commonly used in medical research were added. Meanwhile,the contents of practicum courses were reformed following the guideline of ‘application of statistics in the research’ and the teaching method of task-driven teaching combined with problem-based learning was used in the process. Furthermore, evaluation on the teaching effect was made. The reformed teaching model greatly excited student's learning enthusiasm and developed their abilities of applying statistics in scientific research.

[Objective] To evaluate effectiveness of training on reportable knowledge for notifiable disease,and provide basis for intervention measures. [Methods] Four pilot townships and four control townships were selected from two counties in Henan,and statistical methods were adopted Chi-test and Logistic regressive model. [Results] After controlling education,sex,age and income,the awareness rate of knowledge about lawful infectious diseases in people who are responsible for reporting the epidemic in the pilot townships was significantly higher than that in the controls. By drafting Logistic regression model,the influence coefficients on which intervention measurements affect on reportable knowledge of notifiable disease respectively were 1.621,1.824,1.471,1.280,and 1.275,respectively. Their χ2 values of Chi-test were 30.596,38.674,44.227,18.399 and 15.117,respectively,and their P value were less than 0.05. [Conclusion] The effectiveness of training on reportable knowledge for notifiable disease is significant and meets the expected requirement of this subject,which needs to popularize.

AIM: To analyze the effects of social and economic factors on the health demand with an ordered Probit model, so as to provide reference and evidence for relative health policy formulation. METHODS: According to sex and region, the samples of 506 males and 470 females including 450 from urban and 526 from rural areas were selected adopting stratified sampling method. The ordered Probit model was used for analysis with health demand (health state) as dependent variable and age, income, education, marriage and health behavior factors as independent variables using STATA software. RESULTS: ①In two models, income, education and age all showed statistical significance (P < 0.05). Health demand was increased with the increase in income and education but decreased with age. Males presented higher health demand than females because males took in charge of more family income; parents having more children also had higher health demand because they had stronger responsibility and more time to concern health. ②Regular smoking and drinking strong alcohol showed a negative effect on health demand because of health neglect. ③On the contrary, physical exercise could make people pay more attention to health, so it displayed positive effect on health demand. CONCLUSION: Health policy formulation should focus on the influence of socio-economic factors. Moreover, it may be more scientific and reasonable to formulate the policy by using related models.

Aim:To evaluate the influence of AIDS on life expectancy of Henan province habitants.Methods:Chiang CL method was used to calculate abridged life table and AIDS cause eliminated life table.Age-group population and the death number were from Henan statistical yearbook 2000.The data of AIDS death in 2005 were from Henan academy of medical sciences.Results:Life expectancy was 74.404 years,while AIDS cause eliminated life expectancy was 74.459.Life expectancy increased 0.055 year,and the increasing magnitude was 0.074%.Conclusion:The incidence of AIDS in Henan province is lower.AIDS has slight influence on life expectancy of habitants.

Objective To evaluate effectiveness of intervention trial on report about lawful infectious diseases,and provide foundation to promote of the subject.Methods Adopting multistage stratified cluster sampling,4 intervention and 4 control towns were chosen in 2 counties.Results The people who are obliged to report the epidemic can grasp more knowledge about report of statutory infectious disease in the pilot towns than ones in the control towns and the quality of reports increased significantly.Conclusion Intervention to report on lawful infectious diseases is significant effective in towns studied and meet the expectations of the project.

AIM:Through evaluation on the project efficacy of "construction of township hospitals" by using data envelopment analysis(DEA),and compare with the implement of Health Ⅷ Project in Henan province by the World Bank Loan,this study was designed to scan the efficiency of the project,and find achievement and questions.METHODS:Using a stratified random sampling method,100 township health centers with the titles as the project of "construction of township hospitals" were selected between 2003 and 2005 from Henan province as the trial group,including half central hospitals and half common hospitals;and 60 township health centers from the "Health Ⅷ Project" of Henan province were taken as the control group.The change of relative efficacy before and after construction was measured with C2R model of DEA.RESULTS:①The data management unit proportion of "the DEA is effective" increased from 22% to 30% in the trial group,and from 20% to 52% in the control group,but it decreased from 30% to 26% in the center township health centers.②The scoring frequency distributed mainly in the lower scores in the trial group,whereas higher scores in the control group.CONCLUSION:①The "construction of township hospitals" project may increase the efficacy of the hospitals,but the effect is inferior to the "Health Ⅷ Project".②The problems comprise the low absolute volume of project fund,unreasonable investment of project fund,and ignorance of project management.

Objective To evaluate effects of intervention trial about reporting notifiable communicable diseases,and provide foundation to promote the subject.Methods Adopted multistage stratified cluster sampling,and in each sample county 4 towns were chosen as samples.There were a total of eight samples township,four of which as control ones.Result The people who were obliged to report the epidemic grasped more knowledge about reporting notifiable communicable diseases in the pilot towns than ones in the control towns;the quality of reports still increased significantly.Conclusion Effect of intervention trial of reporting notifiable communicable diseases is significant and meets the expectation of the subject.Further promotion of achievements should be considered.

Aim:To discuss some related statistical concepts and applied equations in equivalence test.Methods:Reference articles were used.Results:There were some different meanings and equations in equivalence test.Conclusion:The statistical concept and applied equations of equivalence test need to be discussed and standardized.

工作满意度是指员工对工作本身及工作环境所感受到的一种态度或看法,是员工对其全部工作角色的情感反应[1].因此,工作满意度含有较强的主观成分.同时工作满意度又是动态的,它会随着时间、地点、人和事物的关系变化而发生变化.

[Objective]Through evaluating the change of availability for township health centers of Health Ⅷ Projects in Henan Province,to scan the efficiency of the project,to find achievement and questions,and to give the policy advice.[Methods]Measured the relative efficiency of 136 township health centers of Health Ⅷ Projects in Henan Province with the model C2R of DEA method.[Results]The effectual proportion of that DEA was increased from 19% to 50%,but the DEA score of 16% of 136 township health centers was lower than the average before Health Ⅷ Projects.[Conclusions]The Health Ⅷ Project makes the efficiency of township health centers increase. The implementation of supporting policies of the project is difficult. The advice is reforming the policy about finance system and strengthening the content construction for township health centers.

Aim:To discuss some related statistical concepts and applied equations in equivalence test.Methods:Reference articles were used.Results:There were some different meanings and equations in equivalence test.Conclusion:The statistical concept and applied equations of equivalence test need to be discussed and standardized.

在均值向量检验和协方差阵的检验以及一些多元统计方法中都是假定样本来自多元正态总体,因此,所作统计推断的结论是否正确,在一定程度上取决于实际总体与正态总体接近的程度如何.

目的采用对应分析探讨大学生父母亲文化程度的关系、来自地区与母亲文化程度的关系.方法运用SPSS 11.0中对应分析过程,对1 656例大学生相关背景数据进行分析.结果大学生父母亲文化程度有一定的对应关系,即父亲文化程度高于或等于母亲;来自农村的学生,其母亲的文化程度较低或文盲;来自县城或城市的学生,其母亲多具有较高的学历.结论对应分析在探索交叉数据表行、列变量关系时有着良好的直观效果.

Objective: To investigate the main causes of death among people aged 60 and older.Methods: The death data were obtained by investigation of death during 1997～1999 in Nanzhao county and analyzed by SPSS10.0 software package.Results: The average mortality of the people aged 60 and older was 436.79 per 100 thousand.Male was 453.32 per 100 thousand,and female was 417.99 per 100 thousand.The difference rate between sex was not statistical significant (P0.05).The main causes in order were cerebrovascular diseases,heart diseases,malignant carcinoma,respiratory diseases,injuries and poisoning.Encephalorrhagic and cerebral infarction were the main causes of death in cerebrovascular diseases.Stomach cancer,esophagus cancer and lung cancer were the main causes of death in malignant carcinoma.Coronary heart diseases and myocardial infarction were the main causes of death in heart diseases.Conclusion: Mortality of cerebrovascular diseases and heart diseases are relatively high,while respiratory diseases are relatively low.

Aim: To measure the level of quality of life and evaluate the effect of different social factors on quality of life of residents in Henan Province. Methods: Cluster, stratified and multistage sampling was taken. 3 000 families were selected and one subject was selected randomly in one family. 3 000 residents were assigned to fill in the questionnaires designed by WHO. Results: Total score of quality of life was 91.73. Lower scores of quality of life was associated with increased age, more health expenditure, and less education. Women reported lower scores than men on total scores of quality of life. In multivariance analyses,education level and marriage status were positively correlation to the scores of quality of life compared to widowed status,elder age.Health expenditure were negatively associated with the scores of quality of life. Conclusion:The quality of life of residents in Henan Province is good. Age, educational level, health expenditure, marriage status or widowed status are important influencing factors on quality of life.

Aim: To study the prevalent status of chronic disease and the epidemic characteristic of influenced factors in Henan Province. Methods: Cluster, stratified and multistage sampling was taken.3 000 residents were assigned to fill in the questionnaires designed by WHO.Results: 46.4% of the residents had no chronic disease.26.9%,13.2%,and 23.5% had one, two, and more than two chronic diseases, respectively. The total prevalence rate was 107.7% with 119.8% in city and 101.2% in county. The total prevalence rates of male and female were 116.01% and 124.28%, respectively. The sequence of prevalence rate of chronic disease was eyesight problem,gastritis or gastric ulcer,oppression or anxiety, and backache. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that age, sex, occupation, and medical expenditure were main social factors affecting prevalence rate of chronic disease.Conclusion:The level of chronic disease in Henan is very high, countermeasure for preventing from these diseases should be strengthened and the elder, the female and the unemployed should be paid much more attention for prevention of these diseases.

目的:探讨影响农村家庭合同保健人保率的因素;方法:通过分层抽样调查,获取河南省武陟县在开展家庭合同保健制度两年多的相关资料,利用SPSS10.0对资料进行了相应处理;结果:家庭经济收入,性别,年龄都是影响家庭合同保健人保率的重要因素,尚不能认为文化程度对家庭合同保健人保率有影响.

<span id="ChDivSummary" name="ChDivSummary" class="abstract-text">目的　了解河南省城乡中老年人生活质量现状。方法　采用多阶段分层抽样方法 ,对 12 5 3名中老年人进行问卷调查。结果　慢性病的总患病率 :中年人为 5 8 2 % ,老年人为 81 0 % ,二者差别有统计学意义 ;老年人的躯体功能比中年人的差 （P &lt;0 0 5 ） ,其注意力和记忆力的困难程度大于中年人 （P &lt;0 0 0 5 ） ;中年人的压抑、焦虑程度较老年人重 （P &lt;0 0 5 ） ;老年人的家庭收入比中年人低 （P &lt;0 0 5 ）。结论　目前我省中老年人尤其是老年人的生活质量有待提高</span>

公众对卫生系统具有合理的期望和需求,卫生系统能及时认识并满足相应期望与需求的程度与过程,称为卫生系统反应性(health system responsiveness),它主要以卫生服务可及性、自主性、保密性、选择性、交流、尊严、社会支持和就医环境等非医疗因素为主.本文采用模糊综合评价法对河南省卫生系统反应性进行综合评价.