In order to improve the surface strength of SCX400 wheel steel, ultrasonic rolling technology was used to strengthen the surface. The pressure parameters were optimized by means of experimental test. Results showed that increasing the ultrasonic rolling pressure was helpful to obtain the deformation layer with larger thickness. There was a strong plastic deformation in the tissue near the surface, and the deformation degree in the transition zone was decreased, while the internal microstructure remained basically unchanged. Nanocrystals with a size of about 5 nm were formed in the surface tissues when 100 N ultrasonic rolling was applied. As the rolling pressure continued to increase to 400 N, a higher proportion of amorphous microstructure was obtained on the surface of the sample. The surface hardness of SCX400 wheel steel was decreased as a whole with the increase of depth. When the rolling pressure was increased to 300 N and 400 N, the microhardness of the area 50 μm from the surface was 371 HV and 383 HV, respectively. The residual compressive stress of surface layer was increased continuously with the increase of ultrasonic rolling pressure. In the process of increasing the rolling pressure, the depth of residual stress was also increased significantly. After the completion of ultrasonic rolling, the microstructure lattice of the alloy was changed, and the compressive residual stress was formed.

回顾了圆锯片振动与噪声领域的研究进展,探讨了金刚石圆锯片固有特性及锯切稳定性对锯片振动特性的影响等相关问题,综述了圆锯片气动噪声、锯切噪声产生机理;在减振降噪技术评述中,针对锯切参数优化技术、阻尼减振降噪技术、自适应控制技术、锯片结构尺寸优化技术和基体拓扑优化技术及其机理进行详细的综述;最后,梳理了金刚石圆锯片振动与噪声研究领域中依旧存在的问题和可能的解决方案.

随着中国把"互联网+"计划上升为大国发展政策,标志着互联网与教育、教学相结合的创新型新教学理念和模式已经成为新时代教育的诉求.如何提高职业院校机械类专业课程教学质量,推进学校教学改革,促进校企合作教育信息化水平,实现校企协同育人,为国家培养高质量的应用型人才是新时代亟待解决的问题.在新工科视域下,提出了基于O2O+校企协同创新机制教学模式,本模式对教学环境、教学资源、评价体系这三个基本要素进行设计主要涉及机械类课程的教育领域,结合教学方式线上线下相结合方式,实现教学环境开放化、教学资源的多元化、评价体系科学化,将课堂教学与碎片化学习相结合,满足在校学生不同的学习需求,实现在新工科理念推动下创新型人才的培养.

由于传统的技能实训类课程教学受设备成本、维护保养等条件的制约,使得课程考核与评价环节投入大而效果不佳.本研究将虚拟现实技术与技能实训教学的考评相结合,将三维虚拟环境下的人机交互技术运用于技能实训课程的操作考评,提出了基于虚拟现实的实训类课程考评系统设计方法.从考核内容及评价方法、三维虚拟考评情境、考评规则库以及评价结论等四方面阐述了考评系统的设计.以模具拆卸实训为例,介绍了三维可视化模具结构拆装考评系统的开发流程,为技能实训教学考评提供一种新的模式.

“机械学科教学法”课程是机械类职教师范生专业课程体系中师范模块的一门重要课程,是介于职教教师教育理论与教学实践之间的中介性课程.“机械学科教学法”在中等职业学校机械类教师培养过程中具有重要性,需要探讨其属于行动类课程的特征,构建该课程知行一体化的课程体系和教学模式,进行完整的教学实践.教学实践表明,“机械学科教学法”采用知行一体化的课程模式对于职教师范生与教师岗位的无缝对接具有重要意义.

Tianjin vocational technology normal university, with the opportunity of our country vigorously develop vocational education, carried out the"great vocational education teacher training plan", for its training objectives, research and develop the excellent class vocational education teacher training plan and implement, constructed by the education faith and responsibility, vocational school teachers' ability, curriculum system, combining the mechanical professional ability of the cultivation of the good results have been achieved.

对高等教育自学考试性质、教育教学资源现状和考生状况进行分析的基础上,阐述了影响和制约高教自考考生实践能力培养的因素。立足于高等教育人才培养目标和社会需求,结合机械专业的专业特点,对自考考生实践能力的培养途径和实施方法进行了探讨,提出了完善考核制度和命题、创新课程体系、改革实践环节教学模式等具体措施。

《数控电火花线切割加工技术》是天津现代职业技术学院精密机械技术专业群建设的技术核心课程。通过对传统课程的整合，基于工作过程导向设计了教学项目，开发了适合项目教学的一体化校本教材，并在教学实施中进行了实践验证，该课程开发对于整个专业群的建设将起到了积极的示范作用。

<正>看完《星际迷航》,我摘掉3D眼镜,揉了揉轻微胀痛的额头。朋友说,这电影真好看,特效炫目,不过就是没看明白这电影到底在讲什么。说完,我们俩相视一笑。对啊,40多岁的人了,戴着3D眼镜坐太久难免有点头疼,英文原版语速太快,字幕刷刷地过,精彩的空战打斗目不暇接,加上那些深奥晦涩的宇宙时空理论,看得人总有些雾里看花的感觉。

“普教育有高考，职教育有大赛”，生动反映了职业教育技能大赛受到关注的程度。作为学校中执行和承担教学任务，担负学生职业技能培养工作的专任教师，职业技能大赛对其职业能力的提升非常显著。通过对职业技能竞赛规则的分析与深入研究，结合专业教学和指导学生参赛的经过，总结归纳职业技能竞赛影响教师职业能力因素，为职业技能竞赛的良性发展作出有益探索。

从分析机械类职业教育课程实践的范畴和划分、一般特征和教学特征出发,对机械类职业教育课程实践的教学情境和师生间的关系进行了分析,得到了师生所起的作用随教学进程和教学情境的不同而动态变化的结论,讨论了不同教学进程中可采用的教学方法。

Aiming at the lack of CNC machine behavior simulation in currently popular CAD/CAM software,a method of machine tools behavior simulation based on immersion virtual reality was put forward.Firstly,the simulation system architecture and development platform was elaborated in detail.Then,analyzed for motion behaviors of all moving axes and its hierarchy and correlation,established the programming model of behavior simulation that based on the mechanism of message response.The curved surface of the tool swept volume was derived.The NC code to compile and tool cutting process simulation in real-time were researched.Finally,the virtual simulation system of cutting behavior was realized by the use of Visual C+ +6.0,Virtools and OpenGL.The system can be applied to NC program verification,education and training and other occasions.

工程制图教学应与国家职业技能鉴定高级制图员水平考试相结合,推动工程制图课程全面改革,促进制图教学与计算机绘图紧密结合,使得学生的知识水平、职业能力与综合素质协调发展。

Virtual NC machine tool as an execution unit of virtual manufacturing is one of key technologies. The behavior simulation of NC machine tool based on virtual reality is a difficult problem for a long time. A hierarchy structure of NC behavior simulation was proposed. Firstly, the movement behavior of machine tool and behavior interactive model were analyzed in detail, and an even handle model based on message response mechanism was proposed. Then, Researched collision detection algorithm of virtual machine tool and provided a rationality evaluation method to these algorithm, a dynamic model of workpiece based on triangular mesh was established, and the process of real-time cutting was expatiated. Finally, the behavior simulation was realized by means of using Visual C++6.0, OpenGL, Virtools and so on, It can verify the rationality of NC process planning and be used in training area.

In view of the limitation of trial cutting or manual inspection of the process planning validation of conventional numerical control, a new method of planning process simulation based on virtual reality was proposed. Firstly, the structure and implementation scheme of simulation system were given, and the simulation platform was established. Then, the movement behavior of machine tool was analyzed in details, an event handle model based on message response mechanism was proposed. Take tool change for example, the behavior module and the motion mode of related components were described. Researched and inferred the solving process of the curved surface of tool sweeping. The NC code compiler and cutting process simulation were expounded. Finally, the system was realized by means of using Visual C++6.0, OpenGL, Virtools and so on, It could verify the rationality of process planning and achieve the accurate assess.

As the data of 3D model in large-scale virtual landscape was too huge,the optimization methods of 3D model were researched from three aspects-selection of modeling tools,reduction in redundancy and complexity of model and compression of model file.Then,a framework of large-scale virtual landscape's navigation system was proposed,and the realization process of navigation system was expounded through the data conversion of 3D model,the design of navigation path and the integration of navigation system.At the same time,the data compression and conversion algorithm was put forward.Finally,a large-scale virtual campus navigation system was achieved in Visual C++ 6.0 software platform.The system has a very well real-time interactivity and scalability.

According to the lack of venues and funding which are commonly found in traditional numerical control (NC) training area, with the development of virtual reality and human-computer interaction technology, a programme of virtual NC training system based on open inventor is brought forward. Firstly, the software and hardware platforms of virtual NC training system is expounded, the software architecture framework and development process are proposed. Then the research on virtual machining scene mapping and model opti- mization, NC code compiler process are focused on. The common programming model of an event handling is proposed, and take straight-line feed as an example illustrated the simulation of motion behavior. Finally, an initial prototype system is realized in Visual C++6.0, and this system is stable and good running.

Due to the problems such as high cost and high risk of equipment which were commonly found in current NC training and machining area, with the development of virtual reality and computer software technology, a feasible programme of virtual NC machining simulation system which based Open Inventor was brought forward. This paper expounded the software and hardware platforms of virtual NC machining simulation system and its architecture framework firstly. Then focused on the research on virtual scene mapping and model optimization, NC code compiler process, the simulation of moving behavior, and proposed the common programming model of an event handling. Finally, An initial prototype system was realized in Visual C++2003.

从将大学生机器人电视大赛的模式引入《机械原理》课程教学入手,阐述了以机器人设计、制作和比赛为载体,开展以学生为主体的《机械原理》课程的"理论—设计—制作—比赛"的"四位一体"教学模式的实践探索。

根据教学实践,提出以学科竞赛为载体,以提高大学生的创新和实践能力为突破口,以第一课堂、第二课堂相结合为手段,对工科大学生实施素质教育的整体方案及其注意事项。