随着全球资本市场一体化以及大数据技术的发展,近年来各国致力于建立微观的金融数据标准化体系.本文基于金融数据标准化问题,通过阐述国内外金融数据标准化的情况以及发展现状,并通过结合当前所存在的问题,就我国未来发展金融数据标准化提出相应的策略建议.我国应在充分总结和吸收国际实践经验的基础上,加速建立适应现代金融服务发展趋势的金融信息规范制度,扩大在世界金融数据治理系统中的话语权,打造世界金融强国.

采用问卷调查法及访谈法,通过实地考察分析了新兴绿色产业——摩拜单车在推行过程中所遇到的问题,并运用公共物品、共享经济等经济学原理又对引致这些问题的原因作了分析,在此基础上,进一步提出了相应的解决对策.

Attending physician responsibility system is the hot study issue in the health field.By designing the game model of implementing attending physician responsibility system and physicians' behavior selection,this paper explores the relationship between physicians' behavior and attending physician responsibility system'applying model,performance evaluation design and system of rewards and penalties.Some countermeasures were put forward to promote the system including that the performance evaluation system should be built effectively so as to screen the conduct and performance of physicians,the scheme of rewards and penalties should be specific,the supporting facility together with the management system should be improved,and physicians' cognition on oerformance evaluation should be enhanced.

On the basis of principal-agent theory,this paper analyzed the reasons of doctor-patient problems from the perspective of patients and hospitals,hospitals and physicians,and patients and physicians.It included asymmetric medical information,ethical risks of physicians,incomplete contracts between physicians and patients,and uncertainty of medical results.Aimed at these problems,this paper put forward relevant suggestions.In the view of recognition,patients are supposed to get a rational idea in the process of selecting hospitals and try making a contract with general practitioners.In the view of improvement,the pattern of performance assessment to physicians should be developed.In the view of system,the corresponding management measures of health service should be improved so as to better serve patients.

医师多点执业作为公立医院破除以药补医、改进医师收入的一种新的补偿机制，在其逐步推开的过程中出现了医师服务质量下降、患者满意度大幅降低等医患关系紧张问题，该文基于参合患者样本的调查，运用回归分析、并结合坐标图作考察工具，从优化医院内部的制度设计及完善医师执业的外部环境两方面对引致医患关系紧张的内在机理进行了分析，认为有效引入医师的约束机制、有针对性地落实政府责任及不断提高参合患者个人账户的保障金是改善医患关系紧张的关键所在。

根据健康主要是通过减少劳动者因病休工时间及提高其生产积极性来增强收入能力、持续提高健康收益的原理,随着新农合健康绩效的凸显,特别是结合因农村医疗服务可及性的增强而改善了参合农民的就医状况、降低了他们"小病拖、大病杠"的几率,并使其医疗费用负担得到了有效缓解的实际,将参合农民自加入新农合以来增加对定点医疗服务的利用、减少因病休工时间及增强增收致富的信心作为考察变量,通过测算变量间的相关系数结合实际调查,在揭示了变量间相互影响关系的基础上,分析了当前制约参合农民更好地利用定点医疗服务、不断提升其健康收益的突出问题,并就此提出了进一步的优化对策.

目的:为促进我国医药代表职业规范化管理提供参考.方法:从医药企业内部、医药企业、政府管理、社工环境等方面分析我国医药代表职业规范化管理存在的问题,借鉴国外医药代表管理经验,提出相关政策建议.结果与结论:我国医药代表职业迫切需要规范化管理,主要存在医药企业内部管理混乱、企业激励机制不合理、监督约束机制不健全;产业结构不合理、行业总体自律意识水平低;法律法规不健全、监督管理机制形式化;社会舆论监督引导不够等问题.建议从加强企业内部管理、提高行业自律水平、完善相关法律法规、加强监督等多方面对医药代表进行规范化管理.

高职高专《财务管理》能力教学的核心理念可概括为实操、场景和技能.实操即指以实操数据模块为演练对象以达到熟练掌握相关知识的过程,场景是指跟模块教学相对应的生产、流通及管理一线的职业岗位群,而技能则是指学生应掌控的核心技术,特别是其处理、解决问题的能力.要实现这一教学理念,教师就必须转变《财务管理》教学方式,切实按照能力教学核心要求,大力实施实操模块数据库建设,积极营造多元化的场景氛围,始终把技能培养贯穿于能力教学全过程.

For the raising of the security level of the insured’s account from the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme(NRCMC) throughout the improvement of the gap between the money of the insured’s account and the insured’s medical expenses,the paper analyzes the main factors which influence the gap and reveals the internal mechanisms including in the improvement of doctors’incentive methods of the designated hospitals and the increase of construction investment of rural medical institutions and the guide of the insured’s reasonable planning to their disposable income so as to reducing the gap and raise the level of the insured’s account.

为推进高职院校《财务会计》教学的改革、引领高职财会人才培养的科学发展,积极探索《财务会计》学做一体教学模式无疑是新形势下不断凸显《财务会计》的教学特色、提升人才专业素质的重要环节,为此,该文在分析了《财务会计》学做一体教学模式的特点的基础上,对积极推行《财务会计》学做一体的教学模式进行了有益的探索。

只有强化政府主导,才能实现农村定点医疗服务质优价低的预定目标.为此,笔者着重从加大资金投入、加强指导监督、保持政令畅通和实现制度创新四个方面对强化政府主导的内涵进行了阐释;进一步地,为了实现预定目标,通过引入供给的价格弹性以寻求强化政府主导应遵从的相关条件,进而对强化政府主导的效果作了讨论、分析.

高昂的医疗费用支出是参合农民可支配收入增长的约束瓶颈,也是参合农民难于改善生产条件、增强生产能力的重要原因。随着新型农村合作医疗制度的广泛、深入推行,农村医疗服务的状况正在发生根本性改变,参合农民的健康水平有了提升、医疗费用也不断下降,其结果是参合农民的可支配收入增加了,参合农民不断将一部分可支配收入用于发展生产和追加生产要素的投入,并使其产出水平也得到了新的提高,这是改善民生反过来对经济的向好拉动,是值得重视、强化的新的经济增长点。

Benefits from New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance can be divided into direct benefits and indirect benefits.Taking the 6 cities of Guangdong province as the sample,the investigation mainly aims to survey the situation of health-related benefits of peasants since the implementation of New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance 7 years ago.The results show that the health condition of the peasants joined in the insurance has improved,and therefore the peasants gained the direct benefits and strengthened their confidence to become rich.At the same time,it shows the discrepancy between different areas and individuals,and the characteristic of getting stronger and stronger as time goes by.New Rural Cooperative Medical Insurance should be optimized by the following measures:the thought of immediate medical care should be built in the peasants joined in the insurance;the investment of medical treatment resources to the under-developed areas should be increased.

Due to the negative impact of the international finance crisis,it has become an important option for China's agricultural development to depend on domestic consumption market to speed up the production of agricultural products meeting the demand of the domestic consumers.This paper analyzes the current situation of the domestic consumption market for agricultural products and the new characteristics of agricultural products demanded by the market and discusses how to make full use of such main productive factors as agricultural land,agricultural labor,agricultural industrialization and agricultural science and technology so as to guarantee supply of the new agricultural products.

<正>广东地处我国改革开放的南大门,医药企业的开发、创新实践起步早、见效快,其进程大致可以划分为两个时期:其一为1990￣2000年,在这段时期广东积极探索由药品的国家统审、统批和统价到药品的审批权下

There are conclusively two main evolution ways of modern agricultural productivity that is abundant-land way and scarce-land way.Abundant-land way begins with the creation of mechanical technology and aims at the releasing of land productivity through the substitution of labor.Scarce-land way starts in the creation of biologic chemical technology and comes to the destination of the releasing of labor productivity through the substitution of land.Although the appearance is different,there is the same idea that,on the basis of factor endowment,abundant factor has been substituting scarce factor with the innovation of the technology.

该文从人本管理的角度,将健康激励机制引入社会医疗保险系统中,通过对健康激励机制的管理范式、特点及其运行机理的分析,阐述了健康激励目标对健康激励的路径依赖所起的指导作用,并进一步运用目标设置理论构建了健康激励目标改善模型,讨论了社会医疗保险系统中不同利益群体的收入水平、相关制度设计等因素对健康激励绩效水平的影响.

农民参保动机权宜化本质上对新型农村合作医疗的推行将产生负面影响。参保动机权宜化会使参保农民的医疗消费行为边缘化,并导致参保双方福利的损失。农民参保动机权宜化的根源在于农民的收入约束、卫生资源分配差异所带来的医疗服务滞后、农民的传统医疗消费偏好以及一定程度上医保双方默认的动机错位。

我国农产品生产从总体上看是数量充足而质量不足,且农业生态环境的改善不明显。本文认为,农民的生产行为直接影响着农产品的质量和农业生态环境。农民选择怎样的生产行为方案取决于利益目标函数的最大化,但同时也要受制于消费者的行为,而这种制约则需要借助于外部质量监督和公共财政支持的力量,这个过程实际上是农民与外部力量基于利益与责任的调整、并最终达到均衡的过程,只有这样,农产品生产才能兼顾数量和质量,农业生态环境才能得以改善。

Understanding the characteristics of ladder-like distribution of agricultural productivity is an important sign that we have had an insight into the laws governing the development of agricultural productivity.Agricultural productivity can be analyzed quantitatively as well as qualitatively based on correct selection of the component factors of agricultural productivity and their indicators,determination of their weights and estimating the average level of agricultural productivity and making a ladder-like division.In this way,the characteristics of agricultural productivity in a given region and the orientation of its development can be revealed so as to have a better knowledge of agricultural productivity for decision-making guidance of scientific development of agricultural productivity.