Одной из наиболее опасных патологий с точки зрения демографического урона, ухудшения качества жизни и снижения шансов на здоровое долголетие у женщин является преждевременная недостаточность яичников (ПНЯ). Помимо манифестации до 40 лет, данному симптомокомплексу присуще наличие вторич- ной аменореи, тотального эстрогенного дефицита и гипергонадотропного гипогонадизма. ЦЕЛЬ: изучить особенности репликативного клеточного старения (длина теломер) и биохимических показателей у женщин с ПНЯ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: место и время проведения исследования: Исследование проведено на базе ГНЦ ФГБУ «НМИЦ эндокринологии» Минздрава России совместно с МНОЦ МГУ им. М.В.Ломоносова в пе- риод с 10.01.2021 г. по 01.08.2022 г. Изучаемые популяции: В одномоментном сравнительном исследо- вании приняли участие 33 женщины с неятрогенным гипергонадотропным гипогонадизмом в исходе преждевременной недостаточности яичников (ПНЯ) и 24 здоровые женщины репродуктивного возраста (18-49 лет). Пациенткам проведен лабораторный генетический (длина теломер лейкоцитов), биохимический анализы крови. Экстракция ДНК - набором Qiagen DNA blood mini kit (Германия). Оценка длины теломер лейкоцитов - методом полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в реальном времени (алгоритм Flow-fish). Статистический анализ: Использована программа IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26,0 for Windows). РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: 1. Женщины с ПНЯ на фоне МГТ имеют незначительно более низкую среднюю длину теломер (10,0 [7,9 – 10,7] кБ, чем здоровые пациентки репродуктивного возраста (10,8 [10,0 – 13,1] кБ, р <0,001) 2. Пациентки с ПНЯ на фоне МГТ имеют склонность к развитию нарушений углеводного обмена (преди- абету) (р<0,043) и повышению ФСГ (р<0,001). 3. Уровень ФСГ умеренно отрицательно (ρ= - 0,434) коррелирует с длиной теломер лейкоцитов у женщин (р < 0,001). ВЫВОДЫ: на фоне приёма МГТ у пациенток с ПНЯ в отличие от здоровых женщин репродуктивного возраста отмечается снижение длины теломер и повышение шансов к развитию нарушений углеводного обмена.

IV (XXVII) Национальный конгресс эндокринологов с международным участием «ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ» 22-25 сентября 2021 года УРОВЕНЬ МЕЛАТОНИНА У ПАЦИЕНТОК С ОЖИРЕНИЕМ И ДИСФУНКЦИЕЙ ЯИЧНИКОВ В РЕПРОДУКТИВНОМ ПЕРИОДЕ 1 Абсатарова Ю .С ., 1 Шереметьева Е .В ., 1 Григорян О

IV (XXVII) Национальный конгресс эндокринологов с международным участием «ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ» 22-25 сентября 2021 года МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ПАТОЛОГИИ ПЛАЦЕНТЫ И НАРУШЕНИЙ

IV (XXVII) Национальный конгресс эндокринологов с международным участием «ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ЭНДОКРИНОЛОГИИ» 22-25 сентября 2021 года ПАТОЛОГИЯ ШЕЙКИ МАТКИ У ЖЕНЩИН С ЭНДОКРИНОПАТИЯМИ В ПЕРИМЕНОПАУЗЕ Ужегова Ж .А ., Григорян О .Р ., Абсатарова Ю .С

One of the new directions in the study of reproductive disorders in obese women is the effect and receptor sensitivity of melatonin on the gonadotropic function of the pituitary gland and ovariogenesis, taking into account the chronology of «light pollution». At the present stage, there is very little literature on the influence of the aspects of «light pollution» on the problem of obesity and reproductive disorders in the literature. This review is an attempt to combine the above problem in terms of the impact of «light pollution» and the level of receptor sensitivity of melatonin in women of reproductive age with obesity. The literature search was carried out in Russian (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases in Russian and English. Free access to the full text of the articles was a priority. The selection of sources was prioritized for the period from 2015 to 2019. However, given the insufficient knowledge of the chosen topic, the choice of sources was dated from 1992. The work was carried out as part of the study «Central and peripheral pathophysiological mechanisms of development of adipose tissue diseases, taking into account clinical and hormonal characteristics» 2020–2022.

This article reviews the literature on placental morphofunctional changes in placenta of patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. The detailed analysis of features of pathogenesis of various abnormalities of the fetoplacental complex depending on the type of diabetes, its influence on the formation of the placental vascular bed. The analysis of mechanisms of development of placenta formation disorders, pathologies of placental vascular bed, the role of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia in villous maturation, placental weight gain, perinatal outcomes. The discussed anomalies have a significant impact on the fetoplacental complex, acting as epigenetic factors, forming the environment for the fetus, which may later affect the health of the unborn child. They lead to adverse perinatal outcomes, including high infant morbidity and mortality. Literature search was performed in Russian (eLibrary, CyberLeninka.ru) and international (PubMed, Cochrane Library) databases in Russian and English languages. The free access to the full text of the articles was in priority. The selection of sources was prioritized for the period from 2016 to 2020. However, due to the lack of knowledge of the chosen topic, the selection of sources was dated from 2001.

Dear Colleagues! We are glad to present the 8th Edition of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation. The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011, 2013), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011, 2012, 2013), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2012, 2017), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2017), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2014) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012, 2015). Current edition of the “Standards” also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, SAVOR, TECOS, LEADER, EMPA-REG OUTCOME, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals. Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM in the world increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 415 million patients by the end of 2015. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, 642 million patients will be suffering from DM by 2040. These observations resulted in the UN Resolution on Diabetes 61/225 passed on 20.12.2006, and in 2011 - UN Political Declaration, addressed to national health systems, calling for the establishment of multidisciplinary strategy in the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, where special attention is drawn to the problem of diabetes as one of the leading causes of disability and mortality. Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian Federal Diabetes Register, there are at least 4.35 million patients with DM in this country by the end of 2016 (3% of population) with 92% (4 million) – Type 2 DM, 6% (255 th) – Type 1 DM and 2% (75 th) – other types of DM. However, these results underestimates real quantity of patients, because they consider only registered cases. Results of Russian epidemiological study (NATION) confirmed that only 50% of Type 2 DM are diagnosed. So real prevalence of patients with DM in Russia is no less than 8-9 million patients (about 6% of population). This is a great long-term problem, because a lot of patients are not diagnosed, so they don’t receive any treatment ant have high risk of vascular complications. Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death. Current edition of the “Standards” emphasizes the patient-oriented approach in making decisions on therapeutic goals, such as levels of glycaemia and blood pressure. It also features updated guidelines on the management of Type 2 DM and its vascular complications, added information about bariatric surgery as a method of treatment of DM with morbide obesity. This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discussions held at national meetings and forums. These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists and diabetologists, primary care physicians, cardiologists and other medical professionals involved in prevention and treatment of DM. On behalf of the Working Group

For the purpose of exploring the development, pharmacology and clinical Ural program related to dulaglutide we conducted a nonsystematic review of dulagluticle focusing on the AWARD (Assessment of Weekly Administration 0-Y218926,5 [dulaglutide] in Diabetes Assessment) program of randomized, phase 3 studies. Dulaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that causes a variety of antidiabelogenic actions by acting on the incretin system. Steady-state plasma concentrations of chtlaghtlide are achieved between 2 and 4 weeks following a once-weekly administration. The AWARD 1-6 studies were conducted in patients with different treatment needs, ranging from patients with mild diabetes who can he treated with diet management and exercise to patients for whom target glycemic control cannot he achieved with conventional insulin treatment.

Dear Colleagues!. We are glad to present the 6th Edition of Standards of Diabetes Care. These evidence-based guidelines were designed to standardize and facilitate diabetes care in all regions of the Russian Federation. The Standards are updated on the regular basis to incorporate new data and relevant recommendations from national and international clinical societies, including World Health Organization Guidelines (WHO, 2011), International Diabetes Federation (IDF, 2011), American Diabetes Association (ADA, 2013), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE, 2009), International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD, 2009) and Russian Association of Endocrinologists (RAE, 2011, 2012). Current edition of the ?Standards? also integrates results of completed randomized clinical trials (ADVANCE, ACCORD, VADT, UKPDS, etc.), as well as findings from the national studies of diabetes mellitus (DM), conducted in close partnership with a number of Russian hospitals. Latest data indicates that prevalence of DM increased during the last decade more than two-fold, reaching some 371 million patients by 2013. According to the current estimation by the International Diabetes Federation, every tenth inhabitant of the planet will be suffering from DM by 2030. These observations resulted in the UN Resolution 61/225 passed on 20.12.2006 that encouraged all Member States ?to develop national policies for the prevention, treatment and care of diabetes?. Like many other countries, Russian Federation experiences a sharp rise in the prevalence of DM. According to Russian State Diabetes Register, there are at least 3.799 million patients with DM in this country. However, the epidemiological survey conducted by the Federal Endocrinology Research Centre during 2002-2010 suggests that actual prevalence is 3 to 4 times greater than the officially recognized and, by this estimate, amounts to 9-10 million persons, comprising 7% of the national population. . Severe consequences of the global pandemics of DM include its vascular complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular disease. These conditions are responsible for the majority of cases of diabetes-related disability and death. . Current edition of the ?Standards? emphasizes the patient-oriented approach in making decisions on therapeutic goals, such as levels of glycaemia and blood pressure. It also features updated guidelines on the management of vascular complications and new RAE position statement on gestational diabetes, produced in collaboration with Russian Association of Obstetrics and Gynecology. . This text represents a consensus by the absolute majority of national experts, achieved through a number of fruitful discussions held at national meetings and forums. These guidelines are intended for endocrinologists and diabetologists, primary care physicians, cardiologists and other medical professionals involved in prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus.