The fruit body of Lepista sordida cultivated with main substrate of tea tree sawdust was used as the experimental samples. The FAO/WHO pattern and amino acid ratios coefficient method were used to evaluate sample from the aspects of mineral and amino acid nutrition. The results showed that the sample is rich in Fe, Zn, Se and various amino acids, of which the Fe content was as high as 388 mg·kg-1. Except for As, which was slightly higher than the limit of As contaminants in edible fungi, the contents of Cd and Pb were all within the limits of standards. Umami amino acid＞sweet amino acid＞aromatic amino acid among the six flavor amino acid contents. Among them, the umami amino acid（Asp+Glu） accounts for 58.37%. By further analysis showed that the value of EAA/TAA was 0.31, and the EAA/NEAA was 0.46, which were all lower than the high-quality protein standard proposed by FAO/WHO. Thr and Lys were relative excess, Ile was the first limiting amino acid of thesample, the score of ratio coefficient of amino acid in the sample was 78. Although there was a gap between the sample and the model spectrum standard of the amino acids, they met the nutritional needs basically.

[Objective]The effects of different agents combinations of chlorphopham(CIPC),carvone and chlorine dioxide(ClO2)on the storage of sweet potato were explored to provide the scientific basis for its application in the production.[Method]Taking chlorine dioxide(ClO2)as the preservative,and carvone and CIPC as the bud inhibitor in the experiment,the effects of different combinations[non-preservative+non-bud inhibitor(A1B1),non-preservative+carvone(A1 B2),non-preservative+CIPC(A1B3),ClO2+non-bud inhibitor(A2B1),ClO2+carvone(A2B2)and ClO2+CIPC(A2B3)]on the storage of sweet potato were studied by two-factor experiment with randomized block design.[Result]With the prolonging of the storage,the germination rate of Ziyun red core sweet potato under six treatments showed an increasing trend.The germination rate of all treatments(except A2 B2)on 90 d was 1.23％-25.43％,among which A1B3 was the highest,A2B3was the lowest.The germination rate of all treatments on 105 d and 120 d was 2.97％-37.17％and 10.57％-62.03％,among which A1B3 was the highest,A2 B2 and A2B3were the lowest.The germination rate of all treatments on 135 d was 18.17％-100.00％,among which A1B1was the highest,A2 B2 was the lowest.Applying preservative could effectively inhibit weight loss rate and decay rate of sweet potato,while the effects of applying bud inhibitor were not obvious.When the Ziyun red core sweet potato were stored on 135 d,the average weight loss rate of different treatments was 27.72％-41.56％,following A1B1＞A1B3＞A1B2＞A2B2＞A2B1＞A2B3;The average decay rate was 11.00％-39.67％,following A1B1＞A1B2＞A1B3＞A2B1=A2B3＞A2B2.[Conclusion]During the storage period,the combined application of ClO2 and carvone could effectively inhibit the germination of tubers,reduce the weight loss rate of tubers and delay the deterioration of quality.ClO2 had good preservative effect and could be used in actual production.

以采自贵州省安顺市镇宁自治县的野生翘鳞香菇(QL-1)为试材,采用子实体形态学和菌丝ITS序列分析法进行鉴定,研究了不同温度、pH、碳源、氮源、维生素、无机盐.和栽培基质对菌丝生长的影响,以期优化野生翘鳞香菇培养基和栽培基质,为进一步开发应用提供参考依据.结果表明:QL-1菌株为翘鳞香菇(Lentinus squrrosulus),培养的最佳温度为30℃,最适pH为5～6;最佳碳氮源分别为果糖和酵母提取物,菌丝生长速度最快,为1.07 cm·d-1和0.81 cm·d-1;添加麦芽糖和硝酸铵,菌丝的浓密度最佳;培养基中添加适量的维生素B1、维生素B6、硫酸锰和氯化钙能有效促进菌丝生长;在栽培基质中添加20％的玉米芯有助于菌丝体生长.

为了探索榆黄菇菌丝生长的最佳条件,对榆黄菇菌丝生长的最适温度、pH值、培养基、碳源、氮源和光照条件进行了筛选.结果表明:榆黄菇菌丝生长的最适温度为25℃,最适pH值为6～7,最适培养基为PDA培养基,最适碳源为葡萄糖和蔗糖,最适氮源为硝酸钾,最适光照条件为黑暗.

蔬菜含有丰富的维生素C、胡萝卜素及矿物质(钾、钙、镁、铁等),已成为人们日常饮食中必不可少的食物之一[1].蔬菜产业已从昔日的"家庭菜园"逐步成为农业农村经济发展的支柱产业[2].因其周期短、见效快,是当前农业产业结构调整的重要支柱产业之一,深受老百姓欢迎.2018年贵州省蔬菜种植面积达1500 万亩(100 万hm2),大白菜、萝卜、茄子以及区域性的山药、生姜、韭黄等蔬菜在国内市场销售中占了重大比例[3].

对采自贵州省安顺市两株野生鸡腿菇(MT-1、MT-2)进行了形态及ITS序列分析鉴定,生物学特性初步研究和覆土栽培试验.结果 表明:MT-1、MT-2与鬼伞属的毛头鬼伞最大同源性高,为100％、99.38％;两菌株菌丝生长最适氮源、碳源分别为蛋白胨、甘露醇;MT-1最适pH为5～7,MT-2最适pH为7;两菌株菌丝最适生长温度均为25℃;光照对菌丝生长有一定的抑制作用,菌丝体在黑暗条件下长势最好;覆土栽培结果表明:MT-1、MT-2生物学效率分别为73.78％、54.54％.

为了探索外施香菇菌发酵液对马铃薯种薯生长和品质的影响,本试验将培养7d的香菇菌发酵液(生物量达8.62mg/100mL)稀释100倍后,采用4种外施方法处理马铃薯种薯.结果表明,浸泡+撒施处理能明显促进马铃薯出苗与生长,提升品质;块茎干物质、淀粉、维生素C、还原糖及蛋白质含量分别为23.45g、17.68％、160.54mg/kg、0.84％和13.06％;植株退化率降幅为28.33％～43.33％;产量收益增加17.16％,该处理方式具有明显的生产利用价值.

研究金刺梨黑斑病病原菌的生物学特性,并进行室内药剂毒力测定.结果表明,该菌最佳生长温度为28℃;最适pH值为4;供试碳源中果糖最适合菌丝生长;供试氮源中蛋白胨最适合菌丝生长;光照对菌丝生长有一定的影响,但连续光照能刺激菌丝生长;菌丝和孢子的致死温度分别为55、50℃.室内毒力测定结果表明,80％多菌灵可湿性粉剂对该菌菌丝的抑制作用最好,其EC50为0.56 mg/L.

Residues of Letinous edodes were analyzed in the laboratory for their nutrient contents and applied to cultivate potato in the field to analyze their impact on production and quality of potatoes.The results showed that the residues of L.edodes were abundant in nutrients and contained high nutrients.Potato,when treated with residues of L.edodes at a rate of 1 752 kg/hm2,yielded 31.20 t/hm2,the highest,6.1％ higher than the control,and its plant height,stem diameter and leaf area were 72.4 cm,1.376 cm,7.06 cm2 and 31.20 t/hm2,respectively,obviously higher than those of the control.The quality of potato cultivated under the residues of L.edodes was also improved.

In order to determine the best fertilization levels of tube seedlings of Radix Pseudostellariae, The experiment takes Radix Pseudostellariae plantlets for example, using L9 (34) orthogonal design for exploring the effect of different urea nitrogen concentration, calcium magnesium phosphate concentration and different sulfate potassium dosage on yield of plantlets of Radix Pseudostellariae at autumn. The results showed that when the urea amount to 450 kg/hm2, calcium magnesium phosphate application amount to 525 kg/hm2, sulfate potassium for 75 kg/hm2 (treatment 8), the yield was the highest, 2447.10 kg/hm2.

利用不同浓度的PEG-6000水溶液,在室内模拟玉米种子萌发及苗期水分胁迫程度,研究了安单3号、安单2号与安单4号3个品种种子萌发及苗期对水分胁迫的响应程度,比较了其抗旱性.结果表明,安单3号的抗旱性高于安单2号与安单4号,在土壤水分含量低的情况下,应选择种植安单3号,以保证玉米产量,减少经济损失.

将野生旱半夏置于35℃的高温条件下处理21 d后剥取茎尖分生组织,采用植物组织培养技术培育野生旱半夏脱毒试管苗.通过对培养基添加不同种类、不同浓度的外源激素,对诱导、增殖和生根系列培养基优化选择进行研究.试验结果表明,野生旱半夏茎尖分生组织培育试管苗的最佳诱导培养基组合为MS +6BA 2.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.3 mg/L,增殖培养基组合为MS +6BA 2.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L,生根培养基组合为MS+ NAA 0.15 mg/L.

[目的]筛选出拔节期和抽雄期影响玉米自交系产量的主要生理指标,为生理指标在玉米种质筛选或选育中的应用提供理论依据.[方法]分别于拔节期、抽雄期测定20个玉米自交系的6项主要生理指标,收获期测定产量及其相关性状,采用灰色关联法分析各生理指标与产量及其相关性状的关联度.[结果]在玉米拔节期和抽雄期,叶片相对水含量(RWC)、SOD活性与产量及其相关性状的关联度较高,拔节期两项指标与产量的关联度分别为0.9036和0.8489,抽雄期分别为0.7628和0.7223;拔节期的可溶性糖含量和抽雄期的叶绿素含量与产量的关系也较紧密,关联度分别达0.8311和0.6962.[结论]RWC、SOD活性、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素含量4项指标可作为玉米自交系筛选与种质资源创新中的参考指标.

In order to analyze the effects of no-minimal tillage cultivation on the growth, yield and economic benefit of maize, a test was conducted with the treatments of no-tillage, minimal tillage and bunch sowing, minimal tillage and furrow sowing, and the major maize varieties in Guizhou mountain area as material. The results showed that compared with traditional tillage, the growth period of maize in no-minimal tillage cultwation reduced 1~3 d, the plant height increased 5.67~9.00 cm, the ear height improved 4.00~8.67 cm, 100-grain weight increased 0.05~0.90 g, the bald needle decreased 0.10~0.26 cm, and the yield dropped 81.45~506.5 kg/hm2. And the no-minimal tillage saved a cost of over 2 250 yuan/hm2, had more significant economic benefits than traditional cultivation, and could make effective solution to the labor shortage in rural area and be applied widely in the area lack of labor.

L 9 (34) orthogonaltestw asconducted com bined the factorsofsprouting reagent,soaking concentration and soaking tim e to study the besthandling m ethod forbreaking the restoffallbreeding potato seeds.The results show ed thatthe highestyield w as 724.93 kg/667m 2, w hich w assoaked in 5 m g/L ofG A 3 for10 m in ,increasing by 17.6% ~114.9% than thatofothers.These factors determ ining the yield can be queued asfollow s:sprouting reagent (A ) >soaking concentration (B ) >soaking tim e (C ) .

In order to determine the best nodes,sections and the density of cuttage of Ziyun virus-free sweet potato and provide a theoretical basis for its application,the effect of different nodes,sections and the density of cuttage on yield of Ziyun virus-free sweet potato were studied by the L9 (3 4 )orthogonal experiment.The results showed that the degree of various factors on the yield of decision was cutting nodes (A)> density of cuttage > sections (B),the highest production was 1900.79 kg/667m2 when the nodes was 12 bits,sections was 3,the density was 5417 / 667m2 ;the lowest production was 916.02 kg/667m2 when the nodes was 2 bits,sections was 4,the density was 3 334/ 667m2 .

试验采用不同透光率遮阳网对网室生姜原原种繁育进行遮阴试验,结果表明:不同遮阴度对白水生姜脱毒原原种网室繁育存在极显著影响。移栽成活后无遮阴处理条件下试管苗长势好,产量最高,为918.98 kg/66 7m~2;全期遮阴95%处理条件下,试管苗后期植株长势弱,产量最低,仅为72.86 kg/687 m~2。

Research on the growth and development of sunflowers hydroponics by different concentration of IBA and processing time has been carried out.It was found that the root of the sunflower cutting with moderate quantity is thick and long after been soaked in 0.002% IBA for 5 min.The numbers of branches and flowers increases,and the growth period are in advance.The plant expresses better biological characteristics.It was also discovered that the other two treatments of IBA (15ppm,20 min;10ppm,20 min) can add to the number of flowers significantly,and the plant of sunflowers perform better marketability and ornamental and so on.

To preferably explore the identification methods of grain purity,molecular marker technology was applied to analyze the purity of maize hybrid Andan 3,and it was compared with traditional field identification to screen core primers easy for statistics.Results:Four easy-to-count SSR primers were selected by SSR technology,six shaped belts were identified in 104Andan 3corn hybrids,the purity of samples was 94.23%,and Hainan field test result was 96.18%.Results were basically consistent with each other,and SSR had advantages with subjecting to seasonal,regional and planting conditions,consuming short,eliminating the planting cycle process.In fact,it was a simple,rapid and reliable method.

The explant disinfection experiment adopts orchid buds as the tissue culture materials.The results indicate that: after the explant is soaked in 70% alcohol for 30s,and disinfected in 10% sodium hypochlorite solution for 15 ～ 20 min or in 0.5% HgCl2 solution for 5 ～ 8 min,the pollution rate of explant can be effectively reduced,and the survival rate can be increased.