OBJECTIVE:To investigate micromeritics properties of new direct compression excipients,and to provide reference for the selection of excipients in powder direct compression technology. METHODS:New direct compression excipients were evaluated with the distribution of particle size,hygroscopicity,wettability,fluidity,compressibility and lubricating sensitivity as index. Micromeritics properties and dilution potential of 7 kinds of direct compression excipieuts(direct compression avicel as AvicelPH101 and AvicelPH102,spray-dried lactose as FastFlo316 and Flowlac100,premixing excipients as LubriToseSD and Cellactose-80,Pregelatinized starch)and the application of them in the direct pressure technology were all investigated. RESULTS:Micromeritic properties of Cellactose-80 showed good distribution of particle size and fluidity,and maximum tensile strength;Flowlac100 had maximum fluidity;FastFlo316 had better fluidity,low hygroscopicity and lubrication sensitivity,but big ejection force; AvicelPH101 and AvicelPH102 had better compressibility and high lubrication sensitivity,but fluidity of them were not as good as spray-dried lactose,they could not be used as direct compression excipients alone;LubriToseSD had excellent fluidity,compressibility and good self-lubricating ability;pregelatinized starch had good fluidity but poor compressibility,so it was suitable for the compression of material which had high viscosity and long disintegration time. CONCLUSIONS:New direct compression excipients have excellent liquidity and compressibility,They expand the selection scope of direct compression excipients,and enhance the feasibility of powder direct compression technology.

Objective: To review the development of sustained-release and controlled-release delivery system and its application in Chinese medicine pellets in recent years.Methods: Relevant literatures were referred to and analyzed to draw a coclusion.Result and Conclusion: It takes advantage of sustained-release and controlled-release delivery system in Chinese medicine micropills to develop all kinds of Chinese medicine sustained-release and controlled-release delivery micropills,which give full play to the advantages of multiple-unit drug delivery system and have a very good value for development.

Objective: To determine the concentration of trace elements,so as to provide information for the qualitative control of Cordyceps sinensis fermented mycelium,which is more strictly than the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Method: Flame atomic absorption technique was applied to analyze the content of zinc,iron,manganese,copper and plumbum from fermented mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis respectively. Result: The content of trace elements was listed here in order of relative quantity,Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb. All calibration curves showed good linearity( r > 0. 9994). The RSD of reproducibility was between 0. 54% and 0. 86%. The average recoveries were between 96. 05%-101. 71%. The RSD of recovery was between 0. 32% and 1. 91%. Conclusion:The method is simple with good precision and sensitivity and the result was reliable. The content of trace elements in fermented mycelium of C. sinensis is according to the requirement given by the WHO.

目的:观察复色1号联合方案治疗进展期白癜风的疗效.方法:对94例进展期白癜风患者进行随机分组.治疗组47例口服中药复色1号颗粒、强的松片联合外用复色1号乳膏、吡美莫司乳膏治疗；对照组47例口服转移因子胶囊、强的松片联合外用吡美莫司乳膏治疗.观察2组的临床疗效、不良反应等.结果:治疗组显效率36.2％,总有效率76 6％；对照组显效率10.6％,总有效率55.3％.2组显效率、总有效率比较,差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05).治疗后,2组白斑消退面积百分比、白斑色素积分分别比较,差异均有显著性意义(P＜0.05).结论:复色1号联合方案能够提高进展期白癜风的治疗有效率.

Objective To investigate the technological process of prescription Fuse-1 gel,and estimate the stability and irritation of the gel. Methods The prescription Fuse-1 gel was prepared by mixing prescription Fuse-1 aqueous exacts as main medicine,carbomer 940 and the PEG-4000 as accessories,the triethanolamine as carbomer's neutralizer, laurocapram as transdermal agent,and Kathon as antiseptic to synthesize the gels by the gel method. Constant temperature incubator, refrigerator, room temperature storage and centrifuges were used to evaluate the stability of the gel. pH meter was used to evaluate the pH value of prescription Fuse-1 gel. Irritation and sensitization of the gel was determined by cutaneous stimulation test and skin allergies test. Results The gel samples showed uniform dispersing. No significant changes of the gel appearance, the gel color and the gel viscosity, and stratification and discoloration after the room temperature storage and cold heat-resisting tests. The gel samples did not become coarse, layered or precipitated after centrifugation. The average pH value was (5.96±0.012). Prescription Fuse-1 gel has no stimulation reactions such as erythema, oedema and furfuration on the guinea pig skin, and has no anaphylactic reaction of erythema, oedema on the rat skin. Conclusion The prescription Fuse-1 gel was stable, and did not cause irritation and allergy.

Objective:To observe the adverse reactions of Chinese and Western medicine treating acne.Methods:298 cases of acne vulgaris were randomly divided into 2 groups.The experimental group had 150 cases,which were treated by Qingfei Yucuo formula combined with compound Diandao pulvis;the control group had 146 cases,which were treated by doxycycline and differin.Results:There was a statistical significance(P0.05)between the experimental group and the control group in the relapse rate.Conclusion:Compared with doxycycline and differin,Qingfei Yucuo formula combined with compound Diandao pulvis has slighter adverse reactions.

目的:探讨葛根先煎与否对于葛根黄芩黄连汤和葛根汤中君、臣药有效成分提取率的影响。方法:制备葛根先煎与共煎的样品,采用HPLC-DAD测定样品中葛根素、大豆苷、大豆苷元、黄芩苷、小檗碱的含量,采用GC-MS测定样品中盐酸去甲基伪麻黄碱(NMP)、盐酸去甲基麻黄碱(NME)、盐酸麻黄碱(E)、盐酸伪麻黄碱(PE)、盐酸甲基麻黄碱(ME)的含量,并计算提取率。结果:葛根黄芩黄连汤先煎样品(A)与共煎样品(B)的提取率分别为:葛根素(46.09±0.90)%(、46.59±1.87)%,大豆苷(46.34±2.54)%(、43.67±2.93)%,大豆苷元(34.40±3.03)%(、34.28±2.71)%,黄芩苷(40.39±1.30)%(、39.70±0.60)%,小檗碱(40.92±0.95)%(、41.64±1.28)%,P>0.05;葛根汤先煎样品(C)与共煎样品(D)的提取率分别为:葛根素(47.13±2.14)%(、45.68±2.50)%,大豆苷(45.01±3.13)%(、44.44±2.83)%,大豆苷元(33.58±2.60)%(、30.75±3.05)%,NMP(43.35±0.74)%(、42.17±1.21)%,NME(43.78±1.45)%(、42.26±2.48)%,E(49.73±0.54)%(、49.18±0.39)%,PE(40.82±0.92)%(、38.69±2.68)%,ME(49.73±3.13)%(、47.05±2.85)%,P>0.05。结论:葛根先煎,对上述两方中君、臣药有效成分提取率基本没有影响。

Objective:To explore molecular mechanism of fuse-2 recipe on treating vitiligo.Methods:To determine the influence of fuse-2 recipe on B16 cell proliferation by MTT method,measuring and recording B16 cell proliferation by the microplate reader.To determine the influence of fuse-2 recipe on B16 cell tyrosine's activity by tyrosinase DOPA rate oxidation method.To determine the melanin content of B16 cell by NaOH decomposition method.Results:There was no statistical significance(P>0.05)of fuse-2 drug concentration at 1～1000g/L on B16 cell proliferation,but there was statistical significance(P<0.05)on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in a concentration dependent manner.Conclusion:Without effect on B16 melanoma cell proliferation,fuse-2 has a strong correlation effect during the dose on tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis,which could achieve the goal of the treating vitiligo.

Objective:To study the antiallergic action of Shuningkang by investigating the effect of aqueous extract from Shuningkang on mast cell degranulation and histamin releasing in vitro by PMC degranulation percentage and histamine releasing assay.Method:OVA was used as allergen.In the concentration of 40 mg · L-1,30 min conditions,the influences of aqueous extract from Shuningkang 0.1,1,10 g · L-1on sensitized rat mast cell degranulation and histamine release were investigated.Result:The extract of Shuningkang could inhibit rat PMC degranulation and histamine releasing in vitro.PMC degranulation rates in model group,high,middle,low does groups of Shuningkang and Cromoglicate Sodium group were(47.53±5.57)%,(25.11±2.56)%,(35.71±6.99)%,(47.11±4.26)% and(22.87±6.52)% respectively.Shuningkang showed significant inhibition on histamine release,compared with the model group.In the high,middle,low does groups of Shuningkang and Cromoglicate Sodium group,the inhibition rates on histamine release were 16.85%,20.06%,6.58%,16.85%.Conclusion:Shuningkang has certain effect on skin allergies.

Objective:To observe the curative effect of Qingfei Yucuo Recipe Combined with Diandao Powder for acne.Methods:We divided randomly 297 cases of acne into 2 groups.The experiment group had 150 case,and was treated with Qingfei Yucuo Recipe Combined with Diandao Powder.The control group had 147 cases and was treated by Doxycycline and Differin.Results:The differences of effective rate were insignificant between the two group(P0.05)after treatment for 2,4,and 8 groups.However,the incidence of side effects in the experiment group was lower than that in the control group (P0.05).Conclusion:Qingfei Yucuo Recipe Combined with Diandao Powder has the same effect as Doxycycline and Differin for the treatment of acne,but has less side effects.

目的初步考察大头陈的药理作用。方法番泻叶致小鼠腹泻,测定药物对小鼠的抗腹泻作用;二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,测定其对小鼠的抗炎作用;小鼠自主活动实验测定其镇静作用;同时对大头陈的毒性进行初步研究。结果大头陈提取物(40 g·kg-1)对番泻叶致小鼠腹泻有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05)、对二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀有非常显著的抑制作用(P<0.01);大头陈提取物(10,40 g·kg-1)给药0.5 h对小鼠自主活动有非常显著的抑制作用(P<0.01),1h对小鼠自主活动有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05);大头陈提取物LD50为81.47 g·kg-1(95%可置信限为54.61～121.55 g·kg-1)。结论大头陈具有明显的抗腹泻、抗炎和镇静等药理作用,同时对小鼠有急性毒性。

Objective:The content of Ca and microelement in some testacean Chinese traditional medicines and extractions were determined to analyze the correlation of material basis,toxicity and efficacy.Method: The content of Fe,Zn,Mn,Sr,Mg,Cu,Pb,Cd,Hg,As was determined by AES or AFS and Ca was determined by complex-metric titration.Result: The average extraction rates of calcined concha arcae,concha haliotidis,clam shell,concha margaritifera usta and concha cypraeae were 2.37%,0.42%,0.38%,0.37% and 0.42%;the average content of Ca was 25.85%,13.78%,21.40%,21.42% and 13.78%.Conclusion: The concentration of microelement which is taken into body is higher than original medicinal materials by decocting.The concentration of Cd in these testacean Chinese traditional medicines was determined to exceed the standard recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia.In order to improve security,a scientific standard about Cd should be established.

Objective: To compare the effective similarities and differences between the Xiaoqinglong decoction and Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction on experimental allergic rhinitis(EAR) in guinea pigs.Method: EAR was induced in guinea pigs with ovum albumin,and all the animals with EAR are randomly divided into 4 groups,i.e.EAR model group,the Xinqin granules control group treating with Xinqin granules 4.65 g.kg-1,treatment group with the Xiaoqinglong decoction 7.44 g.kg-1,and treatment group with the Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction 2.33 g.kg-1,supplemented with a normal group as the control.The experiment lasted 14 days.During the experimental period,attention was paid to observe changes in symptoms,histamine content in blood and morphological features of nasal mucosa under light microscopy.Result:The three treatment groups all reduced the accumulative scores of the symptoms and histamine content in blood,and showd highly signifieant compared with that of the normal group(P 0.01).The treatment group with the Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction showd highly signifieant(P 0.01) in reducing histamine content in blood(3.64 ± 0.83) mg.L-1,compared with the Xiaoqinglong decoction group(4.58 ± 0.51) mg.L-1 and the Xinqin granules group(4.36 ± 0.13) mg.L-1,and also acted better on recovering the nasal mucosa.Conclusion:Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction is more effective in treaing EAR,and it acts better than the Xiaoqinglong decoction on ruducing histamine content in blood andrecovering the nasal mucosa.

The characteristics of eye skin was introduced and the definition,formative mechanism and causes of common problems were reviewed,which including dark circles around the eyes,bags under the eyes,crow's feet wrinkles and fat granule.By investigating and summarising current market concerned eye care products,the tendency of its development is predicted.

With the continuous development of cosmetics,cosmeceutiacal become more and more popular in virtue of its remarkable effectiveness and high security.The definition of cosmeceutical and its characteristics compared with common cosmetics and drugs were summarized in this paper and then the development prospection of cosmeceutical was discussed based on investigation both for domestic and international cosmetic market and also some famous cosmetic brands.

<正>羊角天麻是我国民间草药,在四川、云南、贵州、甘肃、陕西等省区使用较广泛,品种涉及不同科属的多种植物,存在复杂的同名异物和同物异名交叉现象。近年来有关羊角天麻的研究多集中于将其作为天麻伪品加以鉴别[1,2]。个别文献报道了其中某些种

中国传统哲学研究的核心问题是天人关系,中医理论体系在中国传统哲学指导下建立起来,中医学基本概念的形成过程中充分吸收了传统哲学的精华,要深入研究中医理论并有所发现必须了解传统哲学的基本内涵。

TCM and western medicine have their own way of thinking and so the way to criticize each other is not reasonable from self-centered perspectives. Both sides have their own philosophy bases, body views and methodologies. To explain TCM in the way of western medicine prevents the self-development of TCM. The way of their communication is the practical effect but not theoretical explanation. Only in the way to keep TCM explaining system, can TCM develop well.

睡眠是人类生命活动的重要内容,对睡眠的研究由来已久。早在秦汉之际,在我国的医学典籍《黄帝内经》中,就记载着睡眠理论的内容,相关论述涉及睡眠的生理机制、睡眠障碍的病因病机和病症分类以及症状描述等多方面内容,形成了阴阳睡眠理论、营卫睡眠理论和五脏睡眠理论,为后世医家提供了重要的理论依据。